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Module 7 Unit 4
新课标单词
underground n. 地铁
commonly adv. 一般地，通常地
distinction n. 声誉，名声，区别，差别
distant adj. 远的，遥远的
historic adj. 有历史意义的，历史上著名的
transport vt. & n. 运输，运送，输送，搬运
vehicle n. 车辆，交通工具
shuttle n. 短程往返运行的公共汽车（或火车等）；梭，梭子；航天飞机
beneath prep. & adv. 在……之下
comparatively adv. 比较而言，相对地
narrow adj. 窄的，狭窄的；狭隘的
middle n. 中间，中部
advanced adj. 高级的，先进的
accelerate vt. 加速，促进
pace n. 步伐，速度
inconvenient adj. 不方便的，不便利的
separately adv. 分别地，单独地，各自地
acquisition n. (尤指通过努力)取得，获得；学到
expansion n. 扩充，扩展，扩大，发展
connection n. 连接；连接物；联系；关系
function vi. 起作用；工作，活动，运转
anniversary n. 周年纪念；周年纪念日
effectively adv. 有效地
permit vt. & vi. 允许，准许，许可 n. 许可证；执照；通行证
sightseeing n. 观光，游览
horrible adj. 可怕的，恐怖的；极其讨厌的，让人非常难受的，特别糟糕的
discount n. 折扣，打折
official n. 官员
increase n. 增加，增长
cycle vi. 骑自行车
aim vi. 目的是，打算；瞄准，对准 vt.将……瞄准，将……指向 n.目标，目的
confuse vt. 使糊涂，使困惑；使混乱；混淆
tire vt. 使厌倦，使厌烦；使疲劳
annoy vt. 使恼怒，使生气，使烦恼；打搅，干扰，骚扰
undertake vt. 承担，担任；着手做，开始进行，从事
sacrifice vt. 牺牲，奉献
beyond prep. 在先之外，超出
modest adj. 适度的，适中的，不过分的；谦虚的，谦让的
postpone vt. 推迟，延迟，使延期
speed vt. & vi. 加速
timetable n. 时间表
departure n. 离开，启程，出发
repair n. 修理，修补
punctual adj. 准时的，准点的；守时的
reliable adj. 可靠的，可信赖的
arise vi. 发生，产生，形成；起立，起身；起床；起义
extreme adj. 极端的，极度的
cause n. 原因，起因；事业
pedestrian n. 行人，步行者
lorry n. 卡车
surrounding adj. 周围的；环绕的 n. 周围环境
signal vi. 发信号
impatient adj. 不耐烦的，没耐心的，急不可耐的
aggressive adj. 好斗的，侵略性的，咄咄逼人的
fine vt. 罚……的款，处……以罚金 n. 罚金，罚款
concentration n. 专心，专注；集中
irresponsible adj. 不负责任的
assumption n. 假定，臆想
overload vt. 使超载，使过载
unsteady adj. 不稳定的，摇摆的，摇晃
invitation n. 诱因；邀请；请帖
incorrectly adv. 不正确地，错误地
orderly adj. 有秩序的，秩序井然的，有条理的
课文出现短语
1. pick up
2. cause damage to
3. beneath the surface
4. far from
5. in use
6. why not do
7. go sightseeing
8. in the hope of
9. speed up
10. under repair
11. protect sb from danger
12. pay attention to
13. risk your life
14. avoid causing accidents
15. a couple of
16. drop off
17. choke off traffic
18. link up
19. set up
20. function as
21. permit sb to do
22. at a discount
23. make better use of
24. wash away
25. arise from
26. be aimed at
27. lead to crashes
28. watch out for
29. in need of
30. be up to sb
31. as it is known
32. lead to
33. accelerate the pace
34. be responsible for
35. in honor for
36. a place of interest
37. be made up of
38. make up for
39. cause deaths and injuries
40. traffic jam
41. be aware of
42. be fined for
43. be likely to
44. in good condition
一．单词应用
根据单词的首字母或汉语意思填写正确单词，注意形式变化。
1. Up to now, many people have agreed that t____________ is an important part of our lives.
2. In the 19th century, s___________ trains helped people travel all over the world.
3. In the past, many old men don’t believe buses can carry people o_____________ long distance.
4. If you go to Britain, you will see the sign at the station, “welcome to the London u____________”.
5. Most trains went to the distant b___________ of the city in the northern part of the country.
6. Cars on the road can c___________ off traffic, so some experts don’t agree car’s mass production.
7. The first tunnels were just b______________ the surface of the ground.
8. Sometimes, traveling on these lines was very i______________. So you had better go by car.
9. Many caves in the mountains f____________ as bomb shelters during war times.
10. Some experts in this field think this helps make the system more u______________.
11.It is reported that the train lines were placed under the ___________（权力机构） of the Board.
12.It was interesting to know about the London ______________（地铁） developed.
13.The city has good air ____________（连接） with most large cities on the Chinese mainland.
14.The storms ______________(冲走) away soil along the road last night, which made children frightened
15.The deaths __________（发生，形成） from those accidents has increased in the past ten years.
16.We must all be ___________（意识到） of the potential causes of traffic accidents and act to prevent them.
17.You are ___________（违反） the law and risking your own life as well as the lives of others.
18.It is ___________（由…决定） to all of us road users to make sure that we must avoid accident.
19.Many ___________（骑车的人） do not pay attention to the cars around them. so it can lead to accidents.
20.We must pay attention to road __________（安全）. Only in this way can we keep us safe.
二.词型转换
1、comparative adj.--- ______(n.) 2、effectively adv. --- ______(n.)
3、patient adj.--- ______(n.) ______(反) 4、concentration n.--- ________(v.)
5、steady adj.--- _________(adv.) 6、invite v.--- _______(n.)_______(adj.)
7、aware adj.--- ________(n.)_______(反) 8.expect v.--- _________(adj.)_______(n.)
9、permit v.--- _______(n.允许) 10、fortune n.--- ________(adj.)
11. connect (vt.) _________(n. ) 12. responsible (adj.) ________ (opp.)
13. rely (vi.)__________ (adj.) 14.distant (adj.) ____________ (n.)
15. expansion (n.)_________ (vt.) 16. convenient (adj.) _________ (n.)
17. separate (adj./vt) ___________ (adv.)
三．选词填空
Lead to , in addition to , cause trouble , at a discount, get off, arise from
chock off, responsible for. in honour of, make up for, aim at speed up
in the hope that , make better use of
1. __________ English, he has to study French.
2. where does this path ________?
3. I’m afraid that boy is ____________.
4. She kept talking and nobody could _________.
5. Heavy rains were _________ storage of vegetables.
6. I have cooked a special meal________ our visitors.
7. I bought a ticket _______ and rode the underground four times.
8. I thought I could have a relaxing weekend to _________ all my hard work.
9. They _________ immediately after lunch.
10. This notice is ________ increasing people’s awareness of the problem.
11. Can we begin by discussing matters ____________ the last meeting?
12. We’d better __________ if we want to be on time.
13 We must ________________ the resources we have.
14. Many skilled workers go abroad ______________ they can get better career opportunities.
四．句型结构
基本句型
1. It has the distinction of being the oldest and most complex underground system in the world.
2. Most trains into London only went to the distant boundary of the city because building railway tracks into the city would have caused damage to many historic buildings.
3. Passengers were transported in carriages without windows, which were pulled through the comparatively narrow tunnels by steam engines.
4. Having seen the situation, a wealthy American businessman, Charles Yerkes, tried to improve the system by buying many of the different lines and setting up the Underground Group.
5. All the different bus and train lines were placed under the authority of the Board.
6. The London underground system is working to transport millions of people effectively as it has done for many years.
7. This notice is aimed at increasing people’s awareness of the problem because it has become quite extreme.
8. Drivers have to take the responsibility to watch out for people crossing the road, especially older people who may walk slowly and young children who may not look before stepping into the road.
9. Many cyclists do not pay attention to the cars that surround them and often ride too close to cars to allow them space and time to stop.
10. This lack of control is an invitation to accidents.
11. Some cyclists make the assumption that traffic laws do not apply to them.
句型拓展
1. However, most trains into London only went to the distant boundary of the city because building railway tracks into the city would have caused damage to many historic buildings. (P50) 但是大部分通往伦敦的火车只到伦敦城的远郊，因为在市区内修建铁路会损坏许多古建筑。
distant
adj. far away:
a distant country
She could hear the distant sound of fireworks exploding.
in the distant past/future
far away in the past or future:
At some point in the distant future I would like to have my own house.
in the not-too-distant future
quite soon:
They plan to have children in the not-too-distant future.
distance
n. [C or U] the amount of space between two places:
What's the distance between Madrid and Barcelona/from Madrid to Barcelona?
He travels quite a distance (= a long way) to work every day.
Does she live within walking distance of her parents?
高考链接
The faces of four famous American presidents on Mount Rushmore can be seen from a _____ of 60 miles.（2004全国）
A. length B. distance C. way D. space
答案：B
historic
adj. important or likely to be important in history:
historic buildings
a historic day/moment
In a historic vote, the Church of England decided to allow women to become priests.
historical
adj. connected with the study or representation of things from the past:
Many important historical documents were destroyed when the library was bombed.
She specializes in historical novels set in eighteenth-century England.
historically
adv.
The film makes no attempt to be historically accurate.
Historically (= Over a long period in the past), there have always been close links between France and Scotland.
2. Unfortunately, the increased number of vehicles on the road choked off traffic, and the road became so busy that no one could travel anywhere. (P50) 不幸的是马路上增加的车辆把道路堵得水泄不通，交通变得如此拥挤以致于每个人都寸步难行。
choke
n. [C] a block of wood that can be put under a wheel or a heavy object to prevent it from moving
v. 窒息；堵塞；阻塞
The child swallowed a pen and chocked to death.
The roads to the coast were choked with traffic.
At lunchtime the streets were choked with traffic.
She choked to death on a fish bone.
Children can choke on peanuts.
引申：chock back 忍住，抑制
chock up 因激动等说不出话来
自我检测
During the rush hours the roads are usually _____ up with traffic.
A. chocked B. crowded C. blocked D checked
答案： A
3. The first tunnels were opened in 1863 and were just beneath the surface of the ground. (P50) 首批地铁隧道于1863年开通，他们紧靠地面。
beneath
prep. in or to a lower position than, under低于，在……之下
Jeremy hid the letter beneath a pile of papers.
We huddled together for warmth beneath the blankets.
After weeks at sea, it was wonderful to feel firm ground beneath our feet once more.
比较：1) under
prep. in or to a position below or lower than something else, often so that one thing covers the other:
He hid under the bed.
In AD 79 the city of Pompei was buried under a layer of ash seven meters deep.
She put the thermometer under my tongue.
She was holding a file under her arm (= between her upper arm and the side of her chest).
2) below
adv., prep. in a lower position (than), under:
From the top of the skyscraper the cars below us looked like insects.
Do you usually wear your skirts above or below the knee?
The author's name was printed below the title.
They have three children below the age of (= younger than) four.
4. Sixteen years later, in 1884, the Metropolitan Railway Company and the Metropolitan District railway linked up and provided the underground service in the middle of the city. (P50) 16年后，于1884年大都会铁路公司于大都会区铁路公司取得联系共同为城市中部提供地铁服务。
link
v. [T] to make a connection between two or more people, things or ideas:
The explosions are not thought to be linked in any way.
The use of CFCs has been linked to the depletion of the ozone layer.
n. [C] a connection between two people, things or ideas:
There's a direct link between diet and heart disease.
Their links with Britain are still strong.
link up
to form a connection, especially in order to work or operate together:
The organization's aim is to link up people from all over the country who are suffering from the disease.
We offer advice to Polish companies who want to link up with Western businesses.
They linked up two areas by telephone.
用法拓展: be connected with 与……相接，和……有联系
5. These new ways of digging accelerated the pace of the London Underground’s development. (P50) 这些新的隧道开挖方法加快了伦敦地铁的发展脚步。
accelerate
v. [I] when a vehicle or its driver accelerates, the speed of the vehicle increases:
I accelerated to overtake the bus.
Compare: decelerate
v. [I] to go more slowly; to reduce speed:
The car decelerated at the sight of the police car.
accelerated adj. 加速的
acceleration n. 加速度
自我检测
A driver ______ his car when he makes it go faster or increased its speed.
A. modifies B. duplicates C. accelerates D stimulates
答案：C
pace
n. [U] the speed at which someone or sth. moves, or with which sth. happens or changes:
a slow/fast pace
When she thought she heard someone following her, she quickened her pace.
For many years this company has set the pace (= has been the most successful company) in the communications industry.
These changes seem to me to be happening at too fast a pace.
I don't like the pace of modern life.
引申：keep pace with 与……并驾齐驱
at a … pace 以……的速度
自我检测
Many people complain of rapid ______ of modern life.
A. rate B. speed C. pace D. growth
答案：C
6. Traveling on these lines was inconvenient, though, as each line was separately owned and many were very far from each other. (P50) 然而搭乘这些线路很不方便，因为每条线都分别各归其主而且许多线路之间相距甚远。
inconvenient
adj.
an inconvenient time/place
It will be very inconvenient for me to have no car.
inconvenience
n. [C or U] a state or an example of problems or trouble, which often causes a delay or loss of comfort:
We apologize for any inconvenience caused by the late arrival of the train.
We had the inconvenience of being unable to use the kitchen for several weeks.
Having to wait for ten minutes was a minor inconvenience.
7．After his acquisition of the lines, each one was given a name and most of the names are still used today. (P51) 收购后他给每条线起了名字，很多名字至今还在使用。
acquire
v. [T] to obtain sth.:
He acquired the firm in 1978.
I was wearing a newly/recently acquired jacket.
I seem to have acquired (= obtained although I don't know how) two copies of this book.
During this period he acquired a reputation for being a womanizer.
acquisition
n. [C or U]
The museum has been heavily criticized over its acquisition of the four-million-dollar sculpture.
I like your earrings - are they a recent acquisition (= did you get them recently)?
8. The last line added was the Jubilee Line in 1977 in honor of the twenty-fifth anniversary of Queen Elizabeth’s crowning. (P51)
honor
a quality that combines respect, pride and honesty:
a man of honour
We fought for the honour of our country
n. [C] a reward, prize or title that publicly expresses admiration or respect:
She received an honour for her services to the community.
He was buried with full military honours (= with a special celebration to show respect).
in honour of sb./sth. in order to celebrate or show great respect for someone or sth.:
a banquet in honour of the president
高考链接
My sister was against my suggestion while my brother was ______ it. (2006陕西)
A. in fav
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