专题-03-阅读理解(七选五)-(解析版).docx

专题 03 阅读理解（七选五）
--2023年新高考八省最新名校联考试题汇编
（解析版）

1.【2023届河北省衡水中学高三上学期四调】
If you travel to nearly any Chinese city in the summertime, you will see people, mostly men wearing T-shirts, sitting out on the sidewalks on low chairs in the shade, playing a game with large round disks of wood. ____16____ Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period. While experts have different opinions as to who created Xiangqi and how it is linked to Western chess, there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China. ____17____ And in the 20th century both Sun Yat-sen and Zhou Enlai were big fans of the game.
And, though it may look quite a bit different than Western chess, Xiangqi is actually quite similar in what the pieces can do and how the game is played. Like Western chess, the object of the game is to capture the other player’s “king”. ____18____
Unlike Western chess, instead of placing the pieces in squares, the pieces are placed on the intersections of lines. Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board, which the elephants cannot cross. ____19____ This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life-or-death war. The war was so influential that “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” has become a metaphor(隐喻)referring to any boundary between two opposing armies. When the Chinese people today see this name on the board, the battle scenes come to their mind, as though they are surrounded by thick smoke, able to hear the beating of war drums. ____20____
A．Actually, in Xiangqi he is just a general.
B．During the Qing Dynasty its popularity grew.
C．It is called “the Chu River and the Han Boundary”.
D．The game is called Xiangqi, a game of ordinary people.
E．There are many differences between Xiangqi and Western chess.
F．An intense battle is about to take place on this small chessboard.
G．Several sayings related to Xiangqi are in common use in China today.
【答案】16．D    17．B    18．A    19．C    20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的象棋。
16．上文“If you travel to nearly any Chinese city in the summertime, you will see people, mostly men wearing T-shirts, sitting out on the sidewalks on low chairs in the shade, playing a game with large round disks of wood. ”（如果你在夏天去中国的任何一个城市旅行，你会看到人们，大多数是穿着 T 恤的男人，坐在人行道上的阴凉处的矮椅子上，用大圆盘木头玩游戏）描述了下象棋的景象，下文“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period. ”（象棋的历史可以追溯到战国）介绍象棋可以追溯到战国时代，所以空处应该指出这个游戏是象棋，D项“这个游戏叫象棋，一个普通人的游戏”符合逻辑关系。故选D。
17．根据上文“Xiangqi dates back as early as the Warring States period. While experts have different opinions as to who created Xiangqi and how it is linked to Western chess, there is no doubt that by the Tang Dynasty Xiangqi was a popular game in China. ”（象棋的历史可以追溯到战国。虽然专家们对象棋的创造者以及它与西洋象棋的联系有不同的看法，但毫无疑问，到了唐代，象棋在中国已经成为一种流行的游戏）介绍象棋在中国历史悠久，很受欢迎。这里是按时间顺序：战国时期—唐朝，所以空处应该按照时间讲唐朝之后的一个时期，象棋的发展情形。B项“在清朝时期，它的知名度增加了”符合时间逻辑关系。故选B。
18．空处位于段末，应承接上文。根据上文“Like Western chess, the object of the game is to capture the other player’s “king”. ”（和西洋象棋一样，这个游戏的目的是捕捉对手的“国王”）推知，空处应该讲述中国象棋中的“王”，A项“其实在象棋里他只是个将军。”符合题意。故选A。
19．上文“Unlike Western chess, instead of placing the pieces in squares, the pieces are placed on the intersections of lines. Another big difference between Western chess and Xiangqi is that there is a large empty space in the middle of the board, which the elephants cannot cross. ”（与西方国际象棋不同，棋子不是放在正方形中，而是放在直线的交叉点上。象棋和西洋象棋的另一大区别是棋盘中间有一大块空白，象无法通过）提到中国象棋中有个空间是象不能越过的；下文“This space refers to an area in China where Liu Bang and Xiang Yu had a life-or-death war. ”（这个空间指的是中国的一个地区，刘邦和项羽在那里进行了一场生死战）提到这个空间就是刘邦和项羽打生死战的地方，所以空处应是对这个空间进行定义，C项“它被称为“楚河汉界””符合逻辑。故选C。
20．根据上文“The war was so influential that “the Chu River and the Han Boundary” has become a metaphor(隐喻)referring to any boundary between two opposing armies. When the Chinese people today see this name on the board, the battle scenes come to their mind, as though they are surrounded by thick smoke, able to hear the beating of war drums. ”（这场战争的影响是如此之大，以至于“楚汉边界”已经成为一个隐喻，指的是两个敌对军队之间的任何边界。当今天的中国人看到这个名字在黑板上，战斗的画面浮现在他们的脑海中，仿佛被浓烟包围，能够听到战鼓的敲击声）提到楚河汉界是一种隐喻，因此下象棋时棋盘也是个战场，人们看到这个名字就好像沉浸在硝烟四起、战鼓喧天的战争场面。F项“一场激烈的战斗即将在这个小棋盘上进行”符合逻辑。故选F。

2. 【2023届吉林省长春吉大附中实验学校高三上学期模拟考试试题】

Weeds, the fast-growing plants that cannot be eaten and do not bring flowers, are a common problem for gardeners. Some use chemicals to kill weeds. Others pull them up by hand or with heavy machinery. Luckily, there are other ways to limit their growth.
For starters, there are mulches (护根物) which can bury weeds. Mulches are made from organic material, such as leaves, grass cuttings, and small pieces of wood. They are spread over the ground in a garden to control weeds. Organic mulches break down over time. ____16____ That is not a bad thing, because their decomposition (分解) creates nutrients for plants and humus (腐殖质) to keep soils wet and full of fresh air.
Plastic mulch is another way to stop weeds. Common black plastic is easy to lay down. It also effectively blocks weeds and helps soil warm faster in the spring. ____17____ A reflective plastic mulch, for example, keeps some plant-eating insects away. A major problem with plastic is that it breaks apart over time, so eventually it needs to be thrown away, plus it adds nothing to the soil as far as nutrients or humus. ____18____
Finally, in addition to direct attacks on weeds, how you plant your garden can indirectly influence weed growth. For example, close spacing of plants in the garden blocks sunlight from reaching the ground and can limit weed growth. And using a watering method known as drip irrigation will direct small amounts of water to the roots of your plants instead of the weeds. ____19____ Lying in soil are millions of weed seeds just waiting to be awakened by light and air.
____20____ Instead, your goal is simply to limit their growth in the garden.
A．So you must add more to your garden often.
B．So it is by far the best support for plant growth.
C．And plastic also can block air from reaching the soil.
D．A small group of geese can clear weeds in half a hectare of land.
E．Whether or not you dig up your soil also influences weed growth.
F．Using any or all of these methods will not permanently stop weed growth.
G．Recent experiments with other colored plastic have shown effects on both bugs and plant growth.
【答案】16．A    17．G    18．C    19．E    20．F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了如何在花园中限制杂草的生长。
16．根据空前的“Organic mulches break down over time.(有机覆盖物会随着时间的推移而分解。)”和空后的“That is not a bad thing, because their decomposition (分解) creates nutrients for plants and humus (腐殖质) to keep soils wet and full of fresh air.(这不是一件坏事，因为它们的分解为植物和腐殖质创造了养分，以保持土壤湿润和充满新鲜空气。)”可知，空前说明有机覆盖物会慢慢分解，空后说明那不是一件坏事，由此可见，that应该是一种做法不是坏事，结合选项可知，A选项“So you must add more to your garden often.(因此，你必须经常向花园中添加更多内容。)”讲述的就是一种做法，符合上下文语境，起到一个承上启下的作用。故选A项。
17．根据上文中的“Common black plastic is easy to lay down. It also effectively blocks weeds and helps soil warm faster in the spring.(普通的黑色塑料很容易放下。它还可以有效地阻挡杂草，并帮助土壤在春季更快地变暖。)”与空后的“A reflective plastic mulch, for example, keeps some plant-eating insects away.(例如，反光塑料覆盖物可以防止一些食草昆虫。)”可知，空前讲述的是黑色的塑料覆盖物作用，而空后的内容是说明能反光的塑料覆盖物也有同样的作用，所以此空指出其他颜色的塑料覆盖物有相应的作用，G选项“Recent experiments with other colored plastic have shown effects on both bugs and plant growth.(最近用其他彩色塑料进行的实验表明，对虫子和植物生长都有影响。)”符合上下文语境。故选G项。
18．根据空前的“A major problem with plastic is that it breaks apart over time, so eventually it needs to be thrown away, plus it adds nothing to the soil as far as nutrients or humus.(塑料的一个主要问题是它会随着时间的推移而破裂，所以最终需要把它扔掉，而且它不会给土壤增加任何营养或腐殖质。)”可知，此处应该是讲述塑料覆盖物的其他问题，C选项“And plastic also can block air from reaching the soil.(塑料也会阻止空气进入土壤。)”的内容符合语境。故选C项。
19．根据本段的主题句“Finally, in addition to direct attacks on weeds, how you plant your garden can indirectly influence weed growth.(最后，除了对杂草的直接攻击外，你种植花园的方式也会间接影响杂草的生长。)”可知，此处说明的是如何进行种植以阻止花园杂草的生长，E选项“Whether or not you dig up your soil also influences weed growth.(无论是否挖掘土壤，都会影响杂草的生长。)”讲述的是一种种植的方式，符合上下文语境。故选E项。
20．分析文章结构，可知最后一段是总结部分，所以该空选择的内容要概括全文，再结合空后的“Instead, your goal is simply to limit their growth in the garden.”可知，这些方法的使用只是为了阻止杂草在花园中生长，F选项“Using any or all of these methods will not permanently stop weed growth.”提及了上文讲述的阻止杂草生长的方法，同时与空后的内容完全吻合。故选F项。

3.【福建省厦门第一中学2022-2023学年高三上学期12月试题 】
Screen time includes all those hours you spend in front of your computer at work, and the time you spend playing with your cell phone or watching TV. ____16____ According to some research, there are some convincing reasons to make the effort to look at something else other than a screen.
It's bad for your health. Being in front of a screen is almost always sedentary (久坐的) behavior, which relates to things like lower fitness levels. Turn this around by choosing something active. You do not have to do exercise at the gym. ____17____ They can help you keep healthy.
It messes up your sleep. When teenagers have more than four hours of screen time per day, and especially when they use their screens before going to bed, they have trouble falling asleep. If you're not sleeping well, it will not only make you feel tired the next day, but it can also affect your performance at work or in school. ____18____
It hinders (妨碍) your brain’s performance. ____19____ Researchers aren't yet sure why this is true, but it probably has to do with the ways that technology teaches the brain to function. If kids want to perform well in situations that involve memorization or problem solving, limit their screen time.
____20____ People who spend more time online, especially young people, are more likely to struggle with communication. If interpersonal communication is important to you or part of your job, you will likely get benefits if you spend less time in front of your screen.
A．It all adds up.
B．Here comes a solution.
C．If you should use a screen, try to do just that.
D．It’s not good for developing communication skills.
E．You can take a walk, or work on a project at home.
F．Kids do better in school when they have less screen time.
G．So it’s worth the effort to use your screen less and get more rest.
【答案】16．A    17．E    18．G    19．F    20．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要列举了看屏幕时间过长的一些危害。
16．根据前文“Screen time includes all those hours you spend in front of your computer at work, and the time you spend playing with your cell phone or watching TV.(屏幕时间包括你在电脑前工作的所有时间，以及你玩手机或看电视的时间。)”可知，这里对屏幕时间的概念做了解释和限定，A项“It all adds up.(这些都算数。)”是对前文内容的一种总结。故选A。
17．根据前文“You do not have to do exercise at the gym.(你不必非得在健身房锻炼。)”可知，E项“You can take a walk, or work on a project at home.(你可以散散步或者在家里运动。)”承接前文，不能去健身房的话可以在家锻炼或外出散步。故选E。
18．根据前文“If you're not sleeping well, it will not only make you feel tired the next day, but it can also affect your performance at work or in school.(如果你睡不好，不仅会让你第二天感到疲倦，还会影响你在工作或学校的表现。)”可知，此处指出长时间看屏幕会造成不好的结果，即会导致睡眠不好，让你第二天感到疲倦，由此可知，空处应该是对上文进行总结，指出我们应该少对着屏幕，G项“So it’s worth the effort to use your screen less and get more rest.(因此，少对着屏幕多休息是值得的。)”符合，是基于前文得出的结论，应该多休息少对着屏幕。故选G。
19．根据后文“If kids want to perform well in situations that involve memorization or problem solving, limit their screen time.(如果孩子们想在涉及记忆或解决问题的情况下表现良好，就限制他们在屏幕上的时间。)”可知，如果减少面对屏幕的时间，孩子们的表现就会更好，与F项“Kids do better in school when they have less screen time.(当孩子们有更少的屏幕时间时，他们在学校表现更好。)”呼应。故选F。
20．根据后文“People who spend more time online, especially young people, are more likely to struggle with communication.(花更多时间上网的人，尤其是年轻人，更有可能难以与人沟通。)”可知，本段主要讲的是面对屏幕时间过长对沟通方面的影响，因此D项“It’s not good for developing communication skills.(这不利于培养沟通技巧。)”适合作为本段的中心句。故选D。

4.【广东省六校联盟2022-2023学年高三上学期第三次联考英语试题】
Benefits of playing online games
The past three years during the pandemic highlighted just how important your mental and physical health is. While there are plenty of ways you can improve your health, many of which are common knowledge, but one that you may not have considered is the health benefits of playing online games. ___16___, but it does.
The social benefits
Perhaps the most obvious benefit is the social aspect of online gaming. So many of the games offered today give players the chance to connect with others located around the world. ___17___, you’ll be socializing with others in real-time thanks to the in-game chat feature. Many of the top trending games offer this mode of play, so it’s not hard to find.
Enjoy some stress relief
Online gaming is also a way for people to unplug from their everyday lives and enjoy some stress relief. When you’re gaming, you are in that moment, and your brain isn’t thinking about anything else. ___18___.
Problem solving skills will be needed
Pretty much every online game out there will require problem-solving skills of one type or another. This is a skill that can help you in various areas of your everyday life, so finding a way to build on it is excellent.
___19___
Then there is the element of risk, which many online games also feature. Learning how to be a risk-taker, at least a calculated risk-taker, can be a helpful benefit. ___20___, look at the pros and cons, and make the move that will benefit you most. Online casino (赌场) sites can be perfect for risk-taking skills. Each time you place a bet, you are taking a risk, and there needs to be a thought process behind it. You’ll learn the difference between smart and not so smart risks fast.
By acknowledging the health benefits of online games, you’ll start to see them in a whole new, much more positive light.
A．Tap into your risk-taking side
B．Improve your decision-making ability
C．Whether you play against them or team up
D．If you become more confident in coping with trouble
E．It will train your brain how to weigh up your options
F．This is perfect for those who have a hard time shutting off
G．It may be hard to believe that gaming provides real and measurable benefits
【答案】16．G    17．C    18．F    19．A    20．E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了玩网络游戏的好处。
16．上文“While there are plenty of ways you can improve your health, many of which are common knowledge, but one that you may not have considered is the health benefits of playing online games. (虽然有很多方法可以改善你的健康，其中许多是常识，但你可能没有考虑过玩网络游戏对健康的好处)”引出话题，提到玩网络游戏对健康的好处，下文“but it does(但确实如此)”。由此推知，空格处内容为可能你不认为玩网络游戏会带来健康的好处。由此可知，选项G项It may be hard to believe that gaming provides real and measurable benefits.(也许很难相信游戏能够提供真实且可衡量的好处)符合此推断，上下文语意连贯。故选G项。
17．根据该句句子结构可推知，该句应为复合句，空格处应为从句。结合下文主句句意“you’ll be socializing with others in real-time thanks to the in-game chat feature.(由于游戏内聊天功能，你都可以与他人实时社交)”可知，选项C项Whether you play against them or team up(无论你是与他们对抗还是组队)符合该句结构，为Whether…or…引导的的让步状语从句，再结合句意可知，上下文语意连贯。故选C项。
18．由该空位于该段句尾，可知为总结该段内容或与上文内容相关。该段上文“Online gaming is also a way for people to unplug from their everyday lives and enjoy some stress relief. When you’re gaming, you are in that moment, and your brain isn’t thinking about anything else. (网络游戏也是人们从日常生活中解脱出来、缓解压力的一种方式。当你在玩游戏时，你就沉浸在那一刻，你的大脑不会想其他事情)”讲的是玩网络游戏是一种缓解压力的方式，让你不会想其他事情。由此可知，选项F项This is perfect for those who have a hard time shutting off.(这对于那些难以关闭思考的人来说是完美的)与该段内容一致，为总