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牛津英语8A Unit 3 复习讲义
一、重点词汇
1. in the beginning/at the beginning of
基本含义
用法辨析
in the beginning “起初；开始”
通常单独用作时间状语或定语，而较少跟of短语连用
at the beginning of “在…开头/起初”
后接名词，并和名词一起作状语
【小试牛刀】
1. _____________________ this century, a great many Europeans went to live in the USA.
2. _____________________, he wasn't interested in it.
2. real/true
基本含义
用法辨析
real “真的”
暗指某事物是真实的或货真价实的，或指看上去或宣称与事实吻合的东西
true “真实的”
暗指与事实、现实或事物的真实状态相一致
【小试牛刀】
1. Don’t lose the necklace. It’s made of______________gold.
2. It is______________that you are going to America on business.
3. In his novel, there are several______________persons who are still alive now.
3. scene /scenery/sight/view
基本含义
用法辨析
scene “场景”
指展现在眼前的情景，也可以指scenery的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及活动在内
scenery “风景”
指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色
sight “视觉”
既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观；其复数形式指名胜、风景
view “风景”
常指从远处或高处看到的scenery的一部分，有时可与scene互换
【小试牛刀】
1. The______________after the earthquake was horrible
2. We passed through some beautiful______________on our journey through the Lake District.
3. The Great Wall is one of the most breathtaking______________in the world.
4. You’ll get a fine______________of the town from the top of the hill.
4. instead/instead of
基本含义
用法辨析
instead “代替；顶替”
常用在句末，说明被代替的人或事物
instead of “代替；而不是”
后面必须加上所被代替的人或事
【小试牛刀】
1. We’ll have tea in the garden_____________in the house.
2. We won’t have tea in the house. We’ll have tea in the garden_____________.
3. Last summer I went to Qingdao. This summer I'm going to Dalian_____________.
二、语法点拨
1. 并列句
(1) 概念
两个或两个以上的简单句用并列连词连在一起构成的句子,叫做并列句,其基本结构是“简单句+并列连词+简单句”。并列连词有：and, but, or, so等.并列句中的各简单句意义同等重要，相互之间没有从属关系，是平行并列的关系。它们之间用连词连结。 例如：
Hurry up or you'll be late. (快点，否则你要迟到了。)
(2) 分类
① 表并列关系：由and, both...and, as well as, not only...but (also), neither...nor等连接。
She not only sings but also dances.
② 表转折关系：与but, however (然而), while (然而), still, yet等连接。
The film is not perfect, still, it’s good.
③ 表选择关系：由or, either...or..., not...but..., or else (否则)等连接。
Take the chance, or else you will regret(后悔) it.
④ 表因果关系：与for, so/so that, therefore (因此)等连接。
I’d better take an umbrella, for it is going to rain.
2. 动词不定式
(1) 概念
动词不定式是由“to＋动词原形”构成。动词不定式是一种非限定性动词，在句中不能单独充当谓语。（非限定性动词可分为不定式，动名词，现在分词和过去分词，他们在句中不能单独充当谓语。）动词不定式相当于名词、形容词或副词，在句中可以作句子除谓语之外的任何句子成分。
(2) 句型
① 主语 + vt. (及物动词) + to-v (动词不定式)
want, decide, wish, hope, choose, refuse, would like, expect, …
He decided to go there himself. 他决定亲自去那儿。
② 主语+ vt. (及物动词) + to-v (动词不定式)
stop, go on, remember, forget, start, begin, …
Please remember to bring the book to school next time.请记住下次把书带到学校来。
③ 主语 + vt.(及物动词) +it + adj.(形容词) + to-v (动词不定式)
find, think, make, feel, …
The Internet makes it easy to get much new information in a short time.
④ 主语+ vt.(及物动词) +sb./sth.+ (not) + to-v (动词不定式)
get, allow, encourage, beg, wait for, warn, ask, want, would like, tell, prefer, wish, expect, invite, …
It’s raining hard now. Let’s wait for the rain to stop. 雨下得很大，让我们等雨停下来。
⑤ 主语+ vt.(及物动词) +sb./sth.+ (not) + v (动词原形)
feel, listen to, hear, let, make, have, see, watch, look at, notice, …
The workers was made to work twelve hours a day. 工人们被迫每天工作十二小时。
⑥ 主语+ vt.(及物动词) +sb./sth.+ 疑问词 + to-v (动词不定式)
teach, show, know, …
I don’t know whether to go there. 我不知道是否去那儿。
【小试牛刀】
1. It takes about two hours ________ (get) to the station.
2. I’m very glad ________ (hear) from you again.
3. John’s wish is ________ (become) a writer in the future.
4. There are thirteen lessons for the students ________ (learn) this term.
3. 反身代词
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
单数
复数
单数
复数
单数
复数
myself
ourselves
yourself
yourselves
himself/herself/itself
themselves
三、交际用语
如何提建议
① Shall we…?
② Why don’t we…? Why not…?
③ Let’s….
④ What/How about…?
牛津英语8A Unit 3 短语汇总
序号
Chinese
English
1
外出一天
a day out
2
爬山
climb the hill / mountain
3
需要锻炼
need to exercise
4
保持健康
keep fit / healthy
5
乘船进行一次旅行
take a boat trip = have a trip by boat
6
在河边
by the river
7
美国总统//白宫
the President of the USA //the White House
8
收拾我的行李
pack my bags
9
一次去……(地方)的旅行
a trip to …..
10
世界公园
the World Park
11
参加……活动
join in ……（主要用于小型活动）
= take part in……(主要用于大型活动)
12
起初；在开始//最后
in the beginning = at first //in the end = at last = finally
13
在……的开始//在……的末尾
at the beginning of…// at the end of…
14
在学校大门口
at the school gate
15
感到恶心
feel sick
16
交通拥挤
a lot of / much / lots of traffic
17
上….车 (公共汽车，火车等) 下….车
get on ….. //get off …..
18
到达
arrive at / in = get to = reach
19
不再
not…any more = no more //not…any longer = no longer
20
名胜古迹
places of (great) interest
a place of (great) interest
21
遍及全世界
all over the world
22
歌舞游行
a song and dance parade
23
自学某事
teach oneself sth. = learn sth. by oneself
24
制作主页
make a home page
25
制定……的清单
make a list of…..
26
由……制成（看出材料）
be made of
由….制成（看不出材料）
be made from
27
亲自
for oneself = oneself
28
看一看……
take a look at = have a look at = look at…
29
回来//归还
return = come/go back// return = give… back
30
欣赏精彩的北京京剧
enjoy wonderful Beijing opera
31
红色枫叶
the red maple leaves
32
沿着湖慢慢的散步
walk slowly around the lake
33
感受老公园的美
feel the beauty of the old park
34
呆在家
stay at home = stay home
35
了解更多关于…….
learn /know more about…….
36
在下半场
in the second half
37
去骑马
go horse riding
38
拍…….的照片
take photos of ……
39
有了你的支持/在你的支持下
with your support
40
每人10元
10 yuan per person
41
写下，记下….
write …..down (代词放中间)
42
为我们的队喝彩
cheer for our team
43
举行；发生
take place = happen
44
打进决赛
go to the final = be in the final
45
暗自保守秘密
keep one’s secrets to oneself
46
奋力向岩石上爬
pull oneself up on the rocks
47
玩捉迷藏
play hide-and-seek
48
伤了自己
hurt oneself
49
给某人看某物
show sth. to sb. = show sb. sth.
50
来吧，快点, 加油
come on
51
在….前面（外部）// 在…..前部（内部）
in front of //in/at the front of
52
一个接一个地方旅行
travel from one place to another
53
常见的一些动词后跟动词不定式
plan to do sth./decide to do sth./agree to do sth.
choose to do sth./prepare to do sth.
want to do sth./hope to do sth./learn to do sth.
牛津英语8A Unit 3 基础训练
一、重点词组
1. 名胜 _____________ 2. 邀请某人做某事 _____________
3. 在开始的时候 _____________ 4. 在学校门口 _____________
5. 上车 _____________ 6. 大量的交通 _____________
7. 在高速公路上 _____________ 8. 感到恶心 _____________
9. 大部分的旅途 _____________ 10. 到达 _____________
11. 由……制造 _____________ 12. 下车 _____________
13. 不再 _____________ 14. 过得愉快 _____________
15. 在……的前面 _____________ 16. 发生；举行 _____________
17. 全世界 _____________ 18. 看起来像 _____________
19. 参加跳舞 _____________ 20. 拍……的照片 _____________
21. 在因特网上 _____________ 22. 自学 _____________
23. 制作主页 _____________ 24. 亲自去看看 _____________
二、句型结构
1. It is made of metal and really tall.
区分be made of / be made from / be made in / be made by
1）这条连衣裙是用真丝做成的。The dress __________ silk.
2）纸张是由木材制成的。Paper __________ wood.
3）那块手表是中国制造的。The watch ________ China.
4）这些小轿车是他们生产的。The cars _________ them.
2. We just wanted to go into the park and enjoy ourselves.
enjoy oneself = have a good time
1) 所有的学生上个礼拜六过得都很愉快。
All the students ____________/__________ last Saturday.
3. The whole world was there in front of us!
区分in front of / in the front of
1) 教室里有一张讲台，它在教室的前面。
There’s a teacher’s desk in the classroom, it is ________ it.
2）这幢房子前面有许多树。There are many trees ________ the house.
三、难点语法
1. 使用 and / but / or
1) 他又高又瘦。 He is tall ______ thin.
2）我弟弟虽然年纪小，但却懂很多。My brother is young _____he knows a lot.
3）你是骑自行车上班还是坐公交车上班？Do you go to work by bike ______ by bus?
2. 动词不定式 (做宾语)
1)计划做某事________2）决定做某事________3）想做某事________
4)希望做某事________5）学做某事__________6）同意做某事_______
3. 反身代词
共有八个反身代词，它们是：myself, ______, himself, ______, itself, ______, yourselves, ______.
1）照顾自己 _________________ 2）自言自语 _________________
3）自学 _________________ 4）玩得很高兴 _________________
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