高二期末复习书面表达句型.doc

高二期末复习书面表达如何提高书面表达的档次，争取得高分甚至满分近年来全国高考英语书面表达的评分标准：第五档（很好）：“覆盖所有主要内容；应用了较多的语法结构和词汇 ；语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；应用简单的语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑；达到了预期的写作目的。”可见， 高考书面表达评分标准在语言的运用上对考生提出了更高的要求。也就是说在考查考生语言准确性的基础上，进一步强调了用词的得体性、表达方式的多样性。如果仅运用基础的词汇和基本的句型，不能体现出较强的语言运用能力，即使要点齐全，表达没有语法错误，也不能给人一种含金量高的审美享受，因此很难在考试的评分中得到较高档次。评分标准给我们传递了另外一个信息，如果有意识地使用较高级词汇或复杂结构，即使有些错误，也不扣分，仍属于最高档次。要使一个平淡的文章变得丰富起来，从而提高书面表达的档次。应着力于从以下三个方面来增强书面表达的效果。一。学会使用较高级的词汇 (介词短语，用活词)Becausetheweatherwasgood,ourjourneywascomfortable.Thankstothegoodweather,ourjourneywascomfortable.Weallthinkheisagreatman.Weallthinkhighlyofhim.SuddenlyIthoughtoutagoodidea.cameuponcame up withAgoodideaoccurredtome./Agoodideasuddenlystruckme.Thestudentsthereneedntpayfortheirbooks.Booksarefreeforthestudentsthere.(反映出对词的灵活掌握，用 free看似简单，在英美国家运用极为广泛)Asaresulttheplanwasafailure.Theplanturnedout(tobe)afailure. Whensheheardhehaddied,shewentpalewithsorrow.Atthenewsofhisdeath,shewentpalewithsorrow.ShewenttoAustriainordertostudymusic.ShewenttoAustriafor/withthepurposeofstudyingmusic.Whenhespoke,hefeltmoreandmoreexcited. Themorehespoke,themoreexcitedhefelt.Inourschool,therearetwentysixclassrooms. Ourschoolismadeupoftwentysixclassrooms./Twentysixclassroomsmakeupourschool.Youcanfindmyhouseeasily.（“色彩”文采！技巧：正话反说）Youllhavenotrouble/difficultyfindingmyhouse.二学会使用较丰富的句式在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句型，要灵活运用各种语法结构，运用得当的句子结构可以给文章增色不少，从而使整篇文章因此而生辉。例如：Whenhearrives,pleasegivemeane-mail.（使用V-ing形式）Onhisarriving/arrival,pleasegivemeane-mail.Theysangandlaughedastheywentbacktoschool.Singingandlaughing,theywentbacktoschool.Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.（使用名词性从句）Whatsurpriseshimisthatthelittlegirlknowssomanythings.-Thatthelittlergirlknowssomanythingssurpriseshim. -ItsurpriseshimthatthelittlergirlknowssomanythingsThoughImweak,Illmaketheeffort.(使用倒装句)WeakasIam,Illmaketheeffort.HehadnosoonercomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroad.NosoonerhadhecomebackfromBeijingthanhewassentabroadHedidnotknowwhathadhappeneduntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaper.(使用强调句型或倒装句型.Itwas.notuntil)Itwasnotuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperthatheknewwhathadhappened.Notuntilhehadreadthenewsinthenewspaperdidheknowwhathadhappened.Ipassedthephysicsexambecauseofyourhelp.（使用虚拟语气）Icouldnothavepassedthephysicsexambutforyourhelp.Ifyouhadnothelpedme,Icouldnothavepassedthephysicsexam.Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.(用过去分词)Followedbymanystudents,shewalkedoutofthelab.(7)Iwontbelievewhathesays.（使用状语从句）Nomatterwhathesays,Iwontbelieve.(8)Ifyoustudyhard,youwillmakerapidprogress.（使用并列句，技巧：从简原则）Studyhardandyoullmakerapidprogress.三.增加句子复杂性的常见方法,也是得高分的“亮点”。1. 改变句子的开头方式,不是一味地都是主语开头,接着是谓语、宾语,最后再加一个状语。可以把状语置于句首(语序的变化),或用分词作状语等。试比较:(原文) My brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle the other day.(修正) The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle.(原文) The young man couldnt help crying when he heard the bad news.(修正) Hearing the bad news, the young man couldnt help crying.2. 在整篇文章中,避免只使用一两个句式,要灵活运用诸如强调句、主从复合句、分词短语、倒装句、省略句等。例如:(1)强调句(原文) The dog has saved my little sister bravely.(修正) It is the dog that has saved my little sister bravely.(2)主从复合句(原文) We had to stand there to catch the offender.(修正) What we had to do was to stand there, trying to catch the offender.(3)分词短语、由with或without引导的短语(原文) The driver escaped and didnt stop, he left the old man lying on the road.(修正) The driver escaped without stopping, leaving the old man lying on the road.(4)倒装句(原文) I went to bed at 11:30.(修正) Not until 11:30 did I go to bed.(5)省略句(原文) While you are crossing the street, you should be careful.(修正) While crossing the street, you should be careful.3. 通过分句和合句,增强句子的连贯性和表现力。例如:(原文) He stopped us an hour ago. He made us catch the next offender.(修正) He stopped us half an hour ago and made us catch the next offender.(原文) We had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced.(修正) After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing.写作中常用的句型结构1. He worked very hard in order to achieve his goal. 2. Having walked the whole day, we were so tired that we could do nothing but sleep. 3. No matter what problem he faces, he never gives up. 4. It is too long a journey to make in one day by car. 5. Youd better start by introducing yourself. 6. Tom prefers to stay up late to finish the work rather than leave it done the next day. 7. Forests can not only fresh the air but also reduce noises. 8. You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam.9. He is such a boring man that he likes neither entertainment nor learning. 10. Football as well as computer games is popular with young people.11. Everyone is busy in the classroom. Some are reading, others are writing. 12. Beijing has a population of 13 million, making it one of the largest cities in China. 13.The distance from east to west is over 5500 kilometers and the country covers 6 of the worlds 24 time zones. /14. I didnt know the truth until she told me what had happened. 15. It is no good talking without thinking carefully. 16. People find it important to have some working experience. 17. It is ten years since I met him last time. 18. It wont be long before we graduate from this school. 19. It is convenient for us to be able to get lots of information through Internet. 20. It took us quite some time to collect so much information. /21. Its time for us to leave the park. 22. It is friendship that we value most. /23. It is time that we did something to protect the environment. 24. They believe it their duty to help those in need. /25. It is said that more chances will be given to the students. 26. It is known to all that China is a country with a long history. 27. As is known to all, the 29th Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008. 28. What excited me most greatly was that my novel had been published.29. There is a beautiful girl living in the small village at the foot of the mountain. 30. The reason why I was late was that I caught in the traffic jam this morning. 31. There used to be a library, but now it has been torn down.32. There is no doubt whether he is fit for the job.33. To my great surprise, he managed to complete the task only in a couple of days. 34. I had a roll of film developed last week.35. Thanks to our efforts, everything is going smoothly.36. Im not sure when I saw her last. 37. But for the rain, we should have had a pleasant journey. 38. I was about to go out when the telephone rang. 39. Some people waste food while others dont have enough. 40. He was so tired that he fell asleep with his shoes on.41. Once you are here, listen to your teachers instructions. 42. The population in and around San Francisco is now ten times more than it was in 1906.43. The more you practice English, the easier it becomes. 44. The Chinese diet is considered to be the healthiest in the world. 45. Mobile phones play an important role in our daily life. 46. Besides his work in physics, he spent a lot of time working for human rights and progress. 47. Instead of going to the bank, they will use a computer and a telephone to change money and to pay their electricity bills. 48. That is because this professor has disease which prevents him from speaking.49. Although many families became separated, people still kept in touch with each other. 50. China Daily has all usual sections of newspaper, including Home News, International News, Business News and Sports news.