指示代词语法.doc

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三﹑指示代词：
（一） 定义：是具有指示概念的代词，表示“这个,那个,”“这些,那些”以及it, such, same等词叫做指示代词,指示代词在句中作主语, 宾语, 表语, 定语。
（二） 指示代词分类
指示代词用法歌诀：
this, these靠近我，that, those离我远。
this, that指单数， these, those不指单。
this,that就用it来代替， these, those都可用they去交换
单数概念： this “这；这个 ”（近处的人和物） that “那；那个”（远处的人和物）
↓ ↓
复数概念： these “这些” （近处的人和物） those “那些” （远处的人和物）

This is a book. These are cars. I am busy these days.我这些日子很忙。
That is not a room. 那不是一间房间。 Those are threes. 那些是树。 　
（三）指示代词的句型变化图
1.肯定句构成：（考选择题）
（1）This （That）is+单数名词（a/an/the+名词单数【尾巴无s的名词】）
（2） These （Those）are+复数名词【尾巴有s的名词】）
2.一般疑问句构成和回答：
一般疑问句很简单，be（is，are）提到主语（句子主人，位于句首）前
在初一单数指示代词this 和that的一般疑问句考点：
Is this ...... + 单数的人或者物体? (这是 ..... 吗？)
Is that..... + 单数的人或者物体.? (那是 ..... 吗？)
它们两个一般疑问句的回答都一样：
肯定回答：Yes,it is . 否定回答：No, it isn’t(is not ).
在初一中复数指示代词these和those一般疑问句的考点
Are these + 复数的人或者物体? (这些是 ..... 吗？
Are those + 复数的人或者物体.? (那些是 ..... 吗？)
它们两个一般疑问句的回答也一样：
肯定回答：Yes，they are。 否定回答：No, they aren’t (are not ).
3.否定句构成：（考句型转换题） 否定句很简单，not加在be后面。
（1）This （That）is not （isn’t）+单数名词（a/an/the+名词单数【尾巴无s的名词】）
（2） These （Those）are not（aren’t）+复数名词【尾巴有s的名词】）
注意：
(1) this、 these 指空间上离说话人较近的人或物，可以与 here 连用；that、 those 指空间上离说话人较远的人或物，可以与 there 连用。
(2) 打电话或其他场合，本人这一方用 this 或 these. 反之用 that 或 those。
(3) 在 same 之前必须加冠词 the 。 (通常与the连用)“同一的，同样的”
This is the same skirt that she was wearing a year ago. 这就是她一年前穿的那条裙子。
Those shirts are all the same size. His birthday and hers are the same.
指示代词的练习
1、对比出真知，你能说出下列两组句子的区别吗？
1）This is my friend. （复数句）
2) Is this your book? （肯定回答） （否定回答）
3） Is that your sister? （肯定回答） （否定回答）
4) Are these your books? （肯定回答） （否定回答）
5) Are those your bags? （肯定回答） （否定回答）
3、体验练习，学以致用 1）选择填空：
①These are
A.my picture B.his picture C.her pictures D.you pictures
②Dad, my good friends,Mary and Jane.
A.she is B.that’s C.this is D.these are
③ my sister,Julia.
A.That B.she C.she’s D.That’s
④ is m brother,and name is Jeff Brown.
A.This,his B.This,her C.she,his D.He,his
⑤These my parents.That my brother.
A.is,are B.are,are C.are,is D.is,is
⑥—Is that your father? —Yes, .
A.he is B.it is C.she is D.he’s
2)改写句子。
①That is my pencil.(改为复数句)
②This is her brother.(改为复数句)
③These are his parents(改为单数句)
④Is this your mother?(作肯定回答)
⑤He’s Dave.(改为否定句)
3、你能完成以下任务吗？考考你的观察力。
1）This (be)my sister. 2）Those (be)my brothers.
3）These are his (friend).
4）—Is this your sister? —Yes, is.
5）—Those are my brothers, that’s my sister.
4、翻译：
1）这是他的弟弟. .
2）那是你的妈妈吗? ?
3）这些是我的钢笔. .
4）那些是她的橡皮。 .
选择填空．
（ ）11.This is _____clock. It’s _____ English clock.
A. a, a B. a, an C. an, an D. an, a
( )12.What’s that _____Chinese?
A. at B. in C for D. on
( )13.Sorry, this is not _____ID card.
A. an B. my a C. my an D. a my
( ) 14.It ________a pencil. It’s a pen.
A .is B. no C. not D. isn’t
( )15.-----_______ your teacher ?--- -Mr Green.
A . Where’s B. What’s C. How’s D. Who’s
( )16.---____do you spell watch?------W-A-T-C-H ,watch.
A. What B. Who C. How D. Why
( )17.Please call me _____ 256-5896
A. at B. for C. on D. to
( )18.---Your bag is very nice.---__________?
A. That’s all right. B. Here you are C.You don’t know. D .Thank you very much.
( ).19.____ am a teacher . ____name is Tony .
A.I. My B. My I C. My I D. I I
( )20.--Excuse me, Jim. ---________
A. Hello B.OK C. Yes D. No
( )21.This is the key ___the classroom..
A. to B. of C. at D. in
( )22.Is the girl______ English?
A. a B. an C. the D./
( )23._______ are good friends.
Mike and I B.I and Mike C. Mike and me D. Me and Mike
( )24.A re you Jenny?---Yes,_______.
A. it is B. you are C. I’m D.I am
( )25.This isn’t _____ pen. It’s _____ pen.
A. I’m your B. my, your C. I’m you D. my you
从Ｂ组中找出A组各句相配的句子。
A B
( )26.Is that a pencil case? A. No, it’s a pencil
( )27.How are you ? B. Yes it is
( )28.What’s this in English? C. It’s a clock.
( )29.Nice to meet to you. D.W-A-T-C-H, watch
( )30.Is this his eraser? E. Tony.
( )31.What’s her last name? F. Fine, thanks
( )32.What’s his English name? G. Purple
( )33.Good evening, Mary. H. Nice to meet to you, too.
( )34.How do you spell watch? I. Her last name is White.
( )35.What color is your shirt? J. Good evening, Barry.
Unit 2 Is this your pencil? Lesson 2
1） 学习目标：掌握句型 What’s this in English How do you spell it?
2） 课前预习导学
1. --What’s ______(I, you, his) English name?--_______(I , His, It)is Nancy.
2 .--What color is ______(it, that, you )ruler?
—It’s yellow. It’s _____(a, an) yellow eraser.
3. ---Is that______(you , your )pencil?---No, it isn’t. It’s ______(it, his, I) pencil.
4.That’s _______(no, not) a map. It’s______(the, her, you) picture.
5 This is _______(I, my) good friend. ________(His, Her) name is Kelsey.
3） 巩固练习提高Ⅰ.翻译下列词组
1. 你的铅笔____________ 2.他的书包____________
3.她的尺子____________ 4.我的手表____________
5.计算机游戏____________ 6.失物招领____________
7.我的橡皮____________ 8.他的戒指____________
9.用英语____________ 10.老师的包____________
11.一个笔记本___________12.一张身份证___________
Ⅱ.选择填空
1.What's that ____________ English?
A.on B.for C.in
2.—____________ this your book? —No,it isn't.
A.Are B.Is C.Am
3.These are my ____________.
A.a computer game B.computer game C.computer games
4.____________ these her notebooks?
A.Are B.Is C.Am
5.____________ Steven.____________ phone number is 215-0273.
A.My is;I B.I'm;My C.I is;I
6.—What's ____________ name? —He's Vinson.
A.he B.he's C.his
7.—Is it ____________ backpack? —No,it isn't.
A.he B.she C.her
8.—Is this your key? —____________.
A.Yes,it is B.No,it is C.Yes,it isn't
9.Look!This is ____________ ID card.
A.a B.an C.the
10.____________ am a teacher.____________ name is Bill.
A.I;My B.My;I C.My;My