九年级英语上册 单词巧记+句型语法剖析《Unit 2 I used to be afraid of the dark》教案 人教新目标版.doc

九年级上册单词巧记+句型语法剖析Unit 2　I used to be afraid of the dark
三点剖析
单词·巧记·典句·考点

【巧记提示】 terrify(使害怕）→horrify(使害怕)
【经典例句】 The child was terrified of being left alone in the house。
这个孩子害怕独自在家。
【考点聚焦】 1）terrify 的同义词frightened。
2)固定搭配：be terrified of doing 害怕做某事。

【巧记提示】 c+hat(帽子）
【经典例句】 He is busy chatting with his friend.
他正在忙着跟他的朋友聊天。
【考点聚焦】 1)现在分词chatting与过式chatted的t要双写。如：
Chatting with him is a waste of time.跟他聊天是浪费时间。
2）chat 还可以作为名词使用。固定搭配have a long chat with sb.意思是“跟某人进行了很长时间的谈话”。

【巧记提示】 dea(d)( adj.死的）+-th(名词后缀)
【经典例句】 His mother’s death was a great blow to him.
他妈妈的死，对他来说是个巨大的打击。
【考点聚焦】 1）记住die v.，dead adj.，death n.是同根词，但词性不同。
2）请记住词组 at death’s door 在死亡的边缘，bore sb.to death 使某人非常厌烦。
【活学活用】 1.(2010重庆模拟) the story,the hero is a beggar.
A.In the beginning B.At the beginning　　
C.At the end D.In the end

【巧记提示】 afford(付得起）→after(以后的)
【经典例句】 Are you able to afford the time for a holiday?
你能抽出时间度假吗？
【考点聚焦】 afford与can (could）连用，表示“冒……之险”。

【巧记提示】 cause (发生）→because(因为)
【经典例句】 Don’t stay away without good cause.
不要无故缺席或离开。
【考点聚焦】 1）可以作为动词使用。如：
You have caused trouble to all of us.你给我们大家都惹了麻烦。
2）也可以作为名词使用。如：
The cause of the fire was carelessness.起火的原因是不谨慎。

【巧记提示】 patient(病人）→patient (耐心的）
【经典例句】 You should be patient with the patients.
对待病人，你应该有耐心。
【考点聚焦】 1）掌握词组：be patient with sb.对某人有耐心。如：
As a teacher,you should be patient with your students.作为一个老师，你应该对你的学生有耐心。
2）词组be patient of sth.意为“对某事有耐心”。如：
She is not patient of his work.她对她的工作没有耐心。

【巧记提示】 was(is的过去式）+te 
【经典例句】 Don’t waste your words.
不要徒废唇舌了。
【考点聚焦】 1）waste可以作动词使用，固定搭配 go(run ）to waste白白浪费。如：
What a pity to see that water running to waste.眼看着那些水被白白浪费，多可惜呀。
2）也可以作名词使用。如：
It’s a waste of time and money.这既浪费时间又浪费钱。
3）也可以作形容词使用。如：
waste paper(land）废纸(荒地）
短语·巧记·典句·考点
used to 过去常常做……
【经典例句】 He used to borrow money from his friends and never gave it back。
我的记忆卡
used to do 过去常做，be used to do被用来做，be used to doing习惯做
【活学活用】 2.（2010广州模拟）He a walk after supper,but now he .
A.is used to taking;used to jog B.used to take;gets used to jogging
C.used to taking;gets used to jog D.gets used to taking;used to jog
in the end 在最后
【经典例句】 In the end,he gave up smoking.
最后，他戒烟了。
【考点聚焦】 1）at the end of与in the end 的区别：at the end of要具体指明在…… 的最后，in the end则无需指明。
2）固定搭配：end up sth.(doing sth）结束某事(结束做某事）。
【活学活用】 3.1）2）小题用含有 beginning,3）4）小题用含有end 的介词短语填空。
1） the day,I did my homework.
2） ,it was hard for me to learn English.
3) of the game,I realized something.
4） ,he gave up.
答案：1.B
2.1）getting　2）play　3）keep
3.B
to one’s surprise 使某人惊讶的是
【经典例句】 To my surprise,I found him to be a good man.
使我惊讶的是，我发现他是一个好人。
我的记忆卡
be surprised at sth. 对某事吃惊
be surprised to do sth. 吃惊的做某事
take sb. by surprise 冷不防吓某人一跳
take pride in 对……感到自豪
【经典例句】 I take great pride in your success.
我对你的成功感到自豪。
【考点聚焦】 固定搭配：be proud of 对……感到自豪，the pride of……的骄傲。如：
We are proud of him.我们为他感到自豪。
He is the proud of us.他是我们的骄傲。
give up 放弃
【经典例句】 I can do nothing more,I gave up.
我无能为力，我放弃。
【考点聚焦】 give up 后面既可以用doing 形式表示“放弃做……”，有可以直接加名词、代词，表示“放弃某事”。当后面接代词时，代词放在词组中间。如：
You had better give them up.你最好放弃他们。
句子·剖析·拓展
I go to sleep with my bedroom light on.
我睡觉时开着灯。
【剖析】 1）句子的主干是I go to sleep。
2）with my bedroom light on是介词短语作伴随状语。
【拓展】 当表示伴随着一件事情发生另外一种事情时，常常用with。
I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends.
我过去曾花很多时间跟我的朋友玩游戏。
【剖析】 1）谓语used to表示过去常常。
2）spend+some time后面加动词要用doing。
【拓展】 时间可以指minute,hour,morning,afternoon 等等。如：
He spent the whole morning playing football.他踢了一个上午的足球。
Don’t you remember me?
难道你不记得我了？
【剖析】 1）这是一个否定疑问句。
2）注意前面的Don’t 不是一成不变的。如：Doesn’t she remember me?
【拓展】 引导否定疑问句除可用助动词外，还可以使用情态动词。
His mother looked after him as well as she could.
他的妈妈尽可能好地照顾他。
【剖析】 she could 可以用一个单词possible来代替，即as...as sb.can 这一句式可以用as...as possible 来代替。
语法·剖析
掌握带有 used to 相关的句型及拓展
sed to do sth.句型表示“过去常常，过去习惯”。表示过去的某种习惯(过去经常反复发生的动作或状态)。used to do/be 这一结构中的used to 是助动词词组，其内涵是：过去常常做某事，而现在却不这样了。其中的do或be都是动词原形(或者是不定式的形式）。
否定式：used not to do sth.
didn’t use to do sth.
(used not可缩写为usedn’t或usen’t）
如：I used not to live there when I was a child.
I didn’t use to live there when I was a child.
疑问句：Used sb.to do sth.?
Did sb.use to do sth.?
如：Used you to live there when you was a child.
Did you use to live there when you was a child?
used to do sth.与be used to (doing）sth.的区别。be used to (1)名词；(2)代词；(3)动名词；(4)宾语从句。其中的used 是形容词，而to是介词，介词之后要用名词、代词、动名词或宾语从句。
1）used to do sth.“过去总做某事”(现在不做了)只用于过去时态。如：
He used to get up early.
2） be used to (doing）sth.表“习惯于做某事”，可用于现在、过去、将来的多种时态，be可以用become,get等来代替，此处to是介词。如：
He will be used to getting up early.
注意：be used to do sth.，used to do sth. 与be (get,become）used to doing sth.的区别。
①be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事(物）”。
②used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事，但现在不做了”。
③be (get,become）used to doing sth.意为“习惯于做某事”。如：
My grandmother used to dance a lot when she was young.我祖母年轻时经常跳舞。
He has become used to living in the countryside.他已习惯于生活在农村。
The wood is used to make desks and chairs.木头被用来做桌子和椅子。
典题精讲
例1(2010天津)—Who taught French?
—Nobody.She learned all by .
A.herself;here B.she;herself C.her;herself D.her;she
思路解析：由题干中的问句“谁教她法语？”可知，第一空当填入人称代词的宾格形式，因为teach sb.sth.这一双宾语结构意为“教某人某种知识、技能”，由nobody可推知，她是自学的，要表达“单独的，独自的”须用介词短语by oneself，本题选C。
例2（2010浙江）—Tom,Mary can’t sharpen the pencil,can you give a hand?
—Certainly.
A.she B.her C.hers D.herself
思路解析：固定搭配give sb. a hand,意思是“帮助某人”。give的后面要用宾格形式。she是主格，hers是名词性物主代词，herself是反身代词。
例3（2010福州课改模拟）—Good morning,Mr Brown.Would you please tell me the result of the exam?—OK.You did quite well.You’ve made mistakes.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
思路解析：修饰可数名词mistakes用few或a few。故排除C、D两项。另外由前一句“You did quite well”可知“你几乎没出错”。故选A。
例4 There a lot of changes in our school in the latest few years.
A.have been B.has been C.were D.Are
思路解析：从in the latest few years，判断应该用完成时态。又因为a lot of changes是复数，所以应该选A。句子的意思是“最近几年我们的学校发生了翻天覆地的变化”。
黑色陷井：本题学生容易在两方面出错。第一，弄不清楚应该使用完成时态。第二，不清楚there be 句型的完成时态何时用there have been 或there has been，后面的名词是复数的时候，应该用there have been，单数时用here has been。
绿色通道：句型There is (are）going to be...当中，be 动词何时为is 何时为are,跟上题是一样的。后面的名词是复数的时候，应该用are，单数时用is。如：There is going to be a building here next year.明年这儿将要有一座建筑。There are going to be lots of trees.这儿将会有很多树。
例5The river smells terrible.People must dirty things in it.
A.be stopped from throwing B.be stopped to throw
C.stop to throw D.stop from throwing
思路解析：根据第一句话，这条河闻起来很糟糕，可以从两方面解决这个问题：一是人们主动的停止向河里扔脏东西，应是stop throwing；二是人们被阻止向河里扔脏东西,应是 be stopped (from)throwing。所以应该选A。
绿色通道：有些动词或动词词组后面跟to do 或doing 意思是不一样的。如：remember to do sth.记得去做某事(还没做），remember doing sth.记得做了某事；go on to do...做完一件事，继续做另外一件，go on doing...继续做没做完的事情。
例6A computer is used studying and playing.
A.for B.as C.by D.from
思路解析：be used for doing sth.相当于be used to do sth.被用来做某事，be used as “被当作……使用”。如：The box is used as a chair.这个箱子被当作椅子使用。答案：A
例7 Little Tom was often made heavy work on the farm.
A.do B.to do C.doing D.done
思路解析：make 后接不带to的不定式作宾语补足语。在改为被动语态时，须加上to，即be made to do sth.。答案：B
绿色通道：在主动语态中，使役动词make,let,have和感官动词see,hear,watch,feel,notice等后面出现动词不定式作宾语不定式，应省去to，但改为被动语态时，作主语补足语的不定式前要加上to(let用于被动结构时，不定式可带to，也可不带to，have无被动）。
原创题
In 1896,the first modem Olympic Games was held in Athens,Greece.Since then many countries have successfully held the Olympics,such as England,France,Germany,Canada,the USA,Spain and Australia.

When people hold the Olympic Games, they are used to making an emblem (会徽).
Two years later,the Olympic Games will be held in China.And China has already made a seal as the emblem of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games.
China used to be a great country with a long history.But some years ago,people in foreign countries don’t know much about china.These years,China’s economic(经济）development has caused much of their interest.They are becoming interested in everything about China.During the Spring Festival,I went to France for vacation.I met a foreigner,can you guess what he said to me?To my surprise,he said “ Xin-nian-hao” to me.
Can you give some reasons why the Olympic Games can be held in China?
翻译下列词组或句子
1.They are used to making an emblem. 
2.China used to be a great country. 
3.China’s economic(经济）development has caused much of their interest. 
4.becoming interested in everything about China 
5.to my surprise 
参考答案：1.他们习惯制作一个会徽。2.中国曾经是个伟大的国家。3.中国经济的发展引起了他们莫大的关心。4.对中国的任何事情感兴趣　5.使我惊讶的是

巧学法园地

句型与动词关系歌
英语句子千千万万，五大句型把线牵。
各型种类看动词，后接什么是关键：
系词后面接表语，vi.独身无牵挂；
vt.又可分三类，单宾、双宾最常见，
还有宾语补主语；各种搭配记心间。