河南专用2020版中考英语二轮复习语法专题过关专题七形容词和副词课件人教新目标版.pptx

,专用,河南,中,考,英,语,2020,第二部分语法专题过关,专题七 形容词和副词,PART 02,考点帮,考点,1,形容词,考点,2,副词,考点,3,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,形容词的基本用法,1.,作表语,一般放在系动词之后。如,:The dish you made looks so nice.,你做的菜看起来很棒。,2.,作定语,一般位于名词或代词之前,复合不定代词之后。如,:,Our colorful middle school life is coming to an end.,我们多姿多彩的初中生活即将结束。,There must be something interesting in his new movie.,他的新电影里一定有一些有趣的东西。,3.,作宾语补足语,放在宾语之后,常与,make,find,think,keep,等连用。如,:,Dont throw litter everywhere.Please try to keep our school clean and tidy.,不要乱扔垃圾。请努力保持我们的校园干净整洁。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,形容词的基本用法,4.the+,形容词,表示一类人或一类事物。如,:,the blind,盲人,the deaf,耳聋的人,the old,老人,the young,年轻人,the rich,富人,the poor,穷人,the disabled,残疾人,the sick,病人,the wounded,受伤者,易失分点,有些形容词通常用作表语,如,:afraid,awake,asleep,ill,alive,alone,well,等,如,:,Is your young brother asleep?,你弟弟睡着了吗,?,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,易混形容词辨析,-ing,形容词与,-ed,形容词,-ing形容词,-ed形容词,例句,特点:一般用来形容事物本身具有的特征、性质,表示令人,的,主语一般是事或物,特点:一般用来形容人对事物的感受,表示感到,的,主语一般是人。常用结构:sb.+系动词+-ed形容词+介词,This story is so interesting that we are all interested in it.这个故事如此有趣,以至于我们都对它很感兴趣。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,提分速记,常见的此类形容词有,:,interesting(,有趣的,)interested(,感兴趣的,);,surprising(,令人惊讶的,)surprised(,感到惊讶的,);,exciting(,令人兴奋的,)excited(,兴奋的,);,boring(,无聊的,)bored(,感到厌烦的,);,moving(,令人感动的,)moved(,感动的,);,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,提分速记,常见的此类形容词有,:,tiring(,令人疲倦的,)tired(,感到疲倦的,);,amazing(,令人惊诧的,)amazed(,感到惊讶的,);,relaxing(,令人放松的,)relaxed(,感到放松的,);,satisfying(,令人满意的,)satisfied(,满意的,);,touching(,感人的,)touched(,受感动的,),考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,常见的形容词短语,常见的,be,动词,+,形容词,+,介词,的形容词短语有,:,be careful about,当心,be crazy about,热衷于,be sure/certain about,对,有把握,be worried about,对,担忧,be surprised at,对,感到惊讶,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,常见的形容词短语,常见的,be,动词,+,形容词,+,介词,的形容词短语有,:,be good at,擅长,be mad at/with,对,生气,be angry at/with,对,生气,be friendly to,对,友好,be similar to,和,相似,be strict with,对,要求严格,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,常见的形容词短语,常见的,be,动词,+,形容词,+,介词,的形容词短语有,:,be patient with,对,有耐心,be popular with,受,欢迎,be pleased/satisfied with,对,感到满意,be famous for,因,而出名,be ready for,为,做好准备,考点,1,考点帮,形容词,考点,2,考点,3,常见的形容词短语,常见的,be,动词,+,形容词,+,介词,的形容词短语有,:,be different from,和,不同,be afraid of,害怕,be tired of,对,感到厌倦,be proud of,为,感到骄傲,be interested in,对,感兴趣,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,作状语,She put the glass down,carefully,.她小心翼翼地放下玻璃杯。,作定语,Put it on the shelf,above,.把它放到上面的搁板上。,作表语,I must be,off,now.我现在必须走了。,作宾语,You,ve got a letter from,abroad,.你有一封国外的来信。,作宾语补足语,Let them,in,.让他们进来。,副词的基本用法,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,副词的分类,时间副词,时间副词是确定句子时态的重要依据。时间副词有today,yesterday,tomorrow,now,soon,before,then,ago,lately,tonight等。,We will plant trees,tomorrow,.我们明天会种树。,方式副词,方式副词常用来说明行为方式,多由,形容词+-ly构成。方式副词有safely,happily,quickly,politely,slowly,loudly,carefully,actively,warmly等。,The guests all laughed,loudly,.客人们都大声笑了。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,副词的分类,程度副词,程度副词有very,quite,little,much,too,almost,enough,rather,nearly等,The car is,too,expensive for me to afford.这辆车太贵了,我买不起。,地点副词,地点副词表示动作是在什么地方发生的,与动词连用时,其前不加介词。地点副词有here,there,home,anywhere,down,up,below,inside,outside,in等。,Go,outside,and see if it,s raining.去外面看看是否在下雨。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,副词的分类,疑问副词(词组),疑问副词(词组)常用来构成特殊疑问句。疑问副词(词组)有when,where,why,how,how often,how long,how far,how soon等。,When,will the work be finished?这项工作什么时候完成?,频度副词,频度副词表示动作发生的频率。频度副词有always,usually,often,sometimes,seldom,never等。,She,usually,goes to school by bus.她通常乘坐公共汽车上学。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,副词的分类,连接副词,连接副词有besides,therefore,however等。,I don,t really want to go.,Besides,it,s too late now.我并不真的想去,而且现在太晚了。,易失分点,(1),以,-ly,结尾的单词不一定都是副词,有些形容词也是以,-ly,结尾的,如,:friendly(,友好的,),lovely(,可爱的,),lively(,充满活力的,),daily(,每日的,),monthly(,每月的,),lonely(,孤独的,),等。,(2),形容词与副词同形的有,fast,hard,early,late,straight,high,等。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,易混副词,(,词组,),辨析,1.high,与,highly,high,意为高高地,在高处,表示具象意义,The kite is flying high in the sky.风筝正高高地飞在天空中。,highly,意为高度地,表示抽象意义,People speak highly of Lei Feng.人们高度评价雷锋。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,易混副词,(,词组,),辨析,2.late,与,lately,late,意为晚,迟,Students often get up late on weekends.学生们周末经常晚起。,lately,意为近来,最近,I havent seen you lately.我最近没见过你。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,易混副词,(,词组,),辨析,3.how long,how often,how soon,与,how far,how long,意为多久,多长时间,对一段时间提问,一般用于完成时。常用for+时间段或since+时间点回答,How long have you learned English?,For six years.,你学习英语多长时间了?,有六年了。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,how often,意为“多久一次”,对频率提问,常,用,once/twice a week等回答,How often do you go to the library?At least once a week.,你多久去一次图书馆?,一周至少一次。,2019广州中考,how soon,意为多久(之后)”,对in+一段时间提问,常用于将来时,How soon can you finish the project?In four days.你多久能完成这个项目?四天之后。,how far,意为多远,对距离提问,How far is it from here to the railway station?About five kilometers.从这儿到火车站有多远?大概五千米。,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,also,also比too和as well正式,通常置于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,实义动词之前,常用于肯定句的句中或句首,She is also good at English.她也擅长英语。,Miss Wang will also come to see me with my classmates tomorrow.王老师明天也会和同学们一起来看我。,She can sing and she can also dance.她会唱歌,也会跳舞。,She sings beautifully and also plays the piano.她歌唱得好,而且还会弹钢琴。,4.also,too,either与as well,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,too,多用于口语,通常位于肯定句句末,Im a doctor,too.我也是一名医生。,either,用于否定句句末,Hes not interested in drawing,either.他对画画也不感兴趣。,as well,多用于口语,通常位于肯定句句末,I like playing basketball as well.我也喜欢打篮球。,4.also,too,either与as well,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,already,意为已经,常用于肯定句中,置于be动词、助动词之后,实义动词之前,Alice asked me to read the book,Harry Potter,but I have already read it twice.艾丽斯让我读一读哈利波特这本书,但是我已经读过两遍了。2019海南中考,still,意为还,表示某事还在进行,常用于肯定句和疑问句中,也可用于否定句中,Do you still live there?你还住在那儿吗?,5.already,still与yet,考点,1,考点帮,副词,考点,2,考点,3,yet,常用于否定句句末,意为还;也可用于疑问句句末,意为已经,We havent finished the work yet.,我们还没完成这项工作。,Is the restaurant open yet?那个饭店已经开门了吗?,5.already,still与yet,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词比较等级的构成,规则变化,构成法,原级,比较级,最高级,一般在词尾加-er或-est,small young,smaller,younger,smallest,youngest,以-e结尾的单音节词直接加-r或-st,large,wide,larger,wider,largest,widest,以单个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,先双写该辅音字母再加-er或-est,wet,big,hot,wetter,bigger,hotter,wettest,biggest,hottest,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词比较等级的构成,规则变化,构成法,原级,比较级,最高级,以辅音字母+-y结尾的双音节词,先变y为i,再加-er或-est,busy,heavy,early,busier,heavier,earlier,busiest,heaviest,earliest,大部分双音节词和多音节词在其前加more或most,difficult,interesting,important,more,difficult,more interesting more important,most difficult most interesting most important,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,不规则变化,good/wellbetterbest,bad/badly/illworseworst,many/muchmoremost,littlelessleast,farfarther/furtherfarthest/furthest,oldolder/elderoldest/eldest,形容词和副词比较等级的构成,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词的原级比较,1.A+,谓语动词,+as+,形容词,/,副词原级,+as+B,表示双方在程度、性质、特征等方面一样。如,:,Your jacket is as new as mine.,你的夹克和我的一样新。,2.A+,谓语动词的否定形式,+as/so+,形容词,/,副词原级,+as+B,表示,A,不如,B,。如,:,This apple isnt as/so big as that one.,这个苹果没有那个大。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词的原级比较,3.A+be,动词,+,倍数,+as+,形容词原级,+as+B,表示,A,是,B,的几倍,。如,:,Our classroom is twice as big as theirs.,我们的教室是他们教室的两倍大。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,得分巧记,同级比较时,为了避免重复,常用,the one,the ones,that,those,等词来代替前面出现过的名词。其中,the one,代替可数名词单数形式,the ones,或,those,代替可数名词复数形式,that,代替可数名词单数形式或不可数名词。如,:,The pictures on the table are as lovely as those on the wall.,桌子上的画和墙上的画一样漂亮。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词比较级的用法,1.A+,谓语动词,+,比较级,+than+B,表示,A,比,B,。如,:,He works harder than us.,他比我们工作更努力。,2.,比较级,+and+,比较级 表示,越来越,若比较级是在原级前加,more,构成的,则用,more and more+,原级,表示,越来越,。如,:,Things are getting better and better.,情况正变得越来越好。,This song is becoming more and more popular.,这首歌正变得越来越流行。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词比较级的用法,3.the+,比较级,.,the+,比较级,.,表示,越,越,。如,:,The more careful you are,the fewer mistakes you will make.,你越仔细,所犯的错误就越少。,4.A+,谓语动词,+less+,形容词,/,副词原级,+than+B,表示,A,不如,B,相当于,A+,谓语动词,+not as/so+,形容词,/,副词原级,+as+B,。如,:,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词比较级的用法,The blue dress is less expensive than the red one.=The blue dress is not as/so expensive as the red one.,这条蓝色的连衣裙没有那条红色的贵。,5.the+,形容词比较级,+of the two.,表示,两者中较,的,。如,:,The taller of the two girls is my sister.,两个女孩中比较高的那个是我姐姐。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词比较级的用法,6.,在两者之间进行选择,表示“谁,/,哪一个更,时,常用,Who/Which+,谓语动词,+,比较级,A or B?,如,:,Who runs faster,Tom or Jerry?,汤姆和杰里,谁跑得更快,?,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,John is taller than any other student in his class.,约翰比班里其他任何一个学生都高。,=,John is taller than the other students in his class.,约翰比班里其他学生都高。,提分速记,形容词,/,副词比较级表示最高级含义,:,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,提分速记,=John is taller than any of the other students in his class.,约翰比班里其他任何一个学生都高。,(2),否定词,+,比较级,也可表示最高级的含义。如,:,I have never watched a better movie than this one.,我从来没有看过比这个更好看的电影。,=This is the best movie Ive ever watched.,这是我看过的最好看的电影。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,Do you want to join us to hold a party for our English teacher?,你想加入我们为英语老师举行一场派对吗,?,I cant agree more.,我再同意不过了。,注,:,可用于修饰形容词和副词比较级程度的副词,(,短语,),有,:much,a little,even,a lot,a bit,far,等。如,:,Diana was a little fat in the past.But now she is much thinner than before.,黛安娜以前有点胖。但是她现在比之前瘦了很多。,2018,连云港中考,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词最高级的用法,最高级用于三者或三者以上人或事物的比较。在最高级的句型中常用,among,in,或,of,构成的介词短语来指出比较范围。形容词最高级前应加定冠词,the,副词最高级前一般不加定冠词。,1.A+,谓语动词,(+the)+,最高级,(+,名词,)+in/of,短语表示,A,是,中最,的,。如,:,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词最高级的用法,Tom studies hardest in our class,so he often gets first place in the exam.,汤姆在我们班学习最努力,所以他经常在考试中得第一名。,He is the strongest player of the group.,他是这组中最健壮的选手。,2.one of+the+,形容词最高级,+,复数名词表示,最,的,之一,。如,:,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词最高级的用法,David is one of the most popular teachers in our school.,戴维是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。,3.the+,序数词,+,形容词最高级,+,名词表示,第几最,的,。如,:,The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.,黄河是中国第二长河。,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,形容词和副词最高级的用法,4.,表示在三者或三者以上的人或事物中进行选择时,用,Who/Which+,谓语动词,(+the)+,最高级,A,B or C?,如,:,Who works hardest,Lily,Tony or Mary?,莉莉、托尼和玛丽,谁工作最努力,?,Which is the biggest,the pear,the apple or the peach?,梨、苹果和桃,哪个最大,?,考点,1,考点帮,形容词和副词的比较等级,考点,2,考点,3,易失分点,形容词最高级前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,其前不再加定冠词,the,。如,:,My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.,我最好的朋友帮我激发出了我自身的最大潜能。,2018,武汉中考,