高一第三单元学案.docx

Unit 3 ComputersReadingStep one: Revision1A 根据所给的汉语意思，写出单词的正确形式。1) _ vt. 计算2) _ n. 革命3) _ adj. 人造的；假的4) _ vt. 解决5) _ n. 网络；网状物6) _ n. 金融；财经7) _ adj. 可移动的；机动的8) _ adv. 无论如何；即使如此9) _ n. 目标；目的；球门；得分10) _ n. 火箭2A 根据汉语意思写出短语1) _ 从时起2) _ 结果3) _ 如此以至于4) _ 人类3B 根据提示写出单词的另一形式。1) _ vt. 简化 _ adj. 简单的2) _ n. 操作员；接线员 _ vt. 操作；动手术3) _ adj. 合逻辑的 _ adv. 合逻辑地4) _ n. 工艺；科技 _ adj. 科技的5) _ n. 智力；聪明 _ adj. 智能的；聪明的6) _ n. 真实；事实 _ adj. 真的；真正的7) _ adj. 私人的 _ adv. 就个人而言；亲自8) _ adj. 总的；n. 总数 _ adv. 完全地9) _ n. 应用；申请 _ vt. 申请；应用10) _ vt.&vi. 探索；探测 _ n. 探索；探测Step two: Fast reading1B Go through the passage quickly and judge True or False. ( )1) In 1642 I began as a calculating machine and could solve any mathematical problem. ( )2) My real father was Charles Babbage, who wrote a book and built me in 1936. ( )3) After I got my new transistors in the 1960s, I became smaller but cleverer and quicker. ( )4) I was brought into peoples homes in the 1970s. ( )5) Since my birth I have been built to take the place of the human race. ( )2B Choose the best answers1) Whats the main idea of the text?A. The computer wants to find “who he is”.B. The functional change of the computer.C. The computer becomes popular around the world.D. The history of the computer.2) What can you infer from the text?A. The computer has artificial intelligence.B. The computer changes a lot over the years.C. The computer was not connected by a network until in the early 1960s.D. Now the computer can only be used to deal with information.3B Scan the passage and try to find the answers1) Where were you in 1642?_.2)What were you called in 1936?_.3) What happened to you in the 1970s?_.Step three: Careful reading1C Fill in the table belowTimeEvents16421822The analytical machine was made by Charles Babbage.1940sThe first family of computers was connected to each other.1970sNowStep four:Discussion and DebateWhat are advantages and disadvantages of computers?Step five: Homework1:Write a passage about computers with 120 words or so2:Read the text again and try to retell it Unit 3 The ComputersLanguage PointsStep one: RevisionHave a dictation of some important words and expressionsStep two:Language points知识点一：（课文重现）Look at these. In pairs discuss what they have in common. 看这几幅图画，两个人一组，讨论他们之间的共性。考查角度：common的用法和常见搭配common n. 公共；常见 adj.共同的，共享的；常见的；普遍的，通常的(1) in common 共有；共用。常常同have连用。(2) havein common的常见词组：have nothing in common无共同之处 have little in common几乎无共同之处have something in common有许多共同之处根据上述知识，请完成15题1 .Letterboxes are much more _ in the UK than in the US, where most people have a mailbox instead. A. common B. normal C. ordinary D. usual知识点二：（课文重现）I developed very slowly and it took nearly two hundred years before I was built as an analytical machine by Charles Babbage. 我发育缓慢，差不多到了两年百年之后，查尔斯巴比奇才把我制成了一台分析机。考查角度一：develop的常见用法和派生词develop vi.&vt. 养成，形成；发展；冲洗胶卷；使发展；培养常见派生词：developed adj. 发达的 developing adj. 发展中的 development n. 发展根据上述知识，请完成69题2. (06, 湖北) One of the best ways for people to keep fit is to _ healthy eating habits.A. grow B. develop C. increase D. raise考查角度二：It took/was + 一段时间+before从句是一固定句型，意思是“过后才”。before用于这类句型的结构还有：It didnt take/was long (或一段时间)before过了不久就It will take/be long (或一段时间)before要过很久才It wont take/be long(或一段时间)before不久就会根据上述知识，请完成1012题3. It took five hours _ we arrived at the village.A. since B. than C. before D. after知识点三：（课文重现）As time went by, I was made smaller. 随着时间的推移，我被做的越来越小。考查角度：go by的常见用法和由go构成的其它短语go by过去，经过，相当于pass。可用于时间或其他。go by一般不带宾语，带宾语时指从旁边经过。由go构成的其它常见短语：go ahead开始（做某事），往前走，进行go against 违反，违背，对不利go over 复习，检查go through检查，审阅，查看，经历（困难，痛苦）go out 熄灭根据上述知识，请完成1317题4.You must _ your papers before you hand them in.A. go downB. go acrossC. go outD. go through5. Would you please _ this form for me to see if Ive filled it in right?A. take offB. look afterC. give upD. go over6. Didnt you have a good time at the party?-Of course I did. As a matter of fact, I had such fun that time seemed to _ so quickly.A. go byB. go awayC. go outD. go over知识点四：（课文重现）As a result I totally changed my shape. 结果，我的外形完全改变了。考查角度：result的意思和由result构成的常见短语result n. 结果，成果，成绩 result v. 导致，结果是由result构成的常见短语：as a result 因此；作为结果as a result of 作为的结果result from因造成result in导致，结果是根据上述知识，请完成1821题7. He runs every day. _（结果），he has lost weight.8. She was late _(作为结果)snow.知识点五：（课文重现）But I was always so lonely standing there myself, . 但是我总是孤孤单单地站在那里，直到60年代初，人们才给了我一个用网络联成的家庭。考查角度：lonely的用法和与alone的区别lonely adj. 寂寞的，孤独的，无人居住的，可用来做定语和表语。用来表述人们的一种心理感受。alone也可以用作形容词，通常做表语，表示“独自一人，单独一人”。一般不做前置定语。根据上述知识，请完成2224题用alone, lonely填空9. No one feels _ in our class.10. My mother was sitting _ when we came in.11. He lived on a _ island for three years.12. We are not _ in thinking that.知识点六：（课文重现）Anyhow, my goal is to provide humans a life of high quality. 不管怎样，我的目标就是给人类提供高质量的生活。考查角度：anyhow的用法Anyhow 相当于anyway, adv. 无论如何，反正(转换话题、结束谈话或回到原话题时说)；即使如此；，可放在句首或句末。特别注意：somehow(someway) adv. 不知怎么地；不晓得什么缘故；以某种方法；以某种方式。Step three: 课后小结Step four: HomeworkReview the language points and try to remember them wellUnit 3 ComputersUsing languageStep one: revison1A根据汉语提示，写出下列单词或短语1) _ n. 幸福；快乐2) _ vt. 下载3) _ n. 病毒4) _ v. 发信号；n. 信号5) _ n. 类型；v. 打字6) _ n. 教练7) _ v. 出现；发生8) _ adj. 电子的9) _ n. 外表；外貌；出现10) _ n. 性格；特点11) _ 在某种程度上12) _ 在的帮助下13) _ 处理；安排；对付14) _ 看守；监视Step two: Language points知识点一：（课文重现）Im as big as a human. In fact, I look like one too. 我同真人一样大小。事实上，我长得也像真人。考查角度：one作为代词的常见用法和与it, that的区别句中的one指代a human。不定代词one起名词作用时，可以用来代替人，泛指“人”，“任何一个人”，在句中作主语或宾语。one, it和that的区别one用于名称相同的另一事物，即一类中的一个。it用来指名称相同的同一事物that代表单数可数名词或不可数名词，通常含有定冠词the的意思，因此that=the + 名词。复数为those根据上述知识，请完成15题1. Im moving to the countryside because the air there is much fresher than _ in the city.A. one B. ones C. it D. those2. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made _ from wood we had.A. it B. one C. himself D. another用it one that填空3. My pen was lost, and I couldnt find _.4. My pen was lost, and I want to find _.5. The weather of Beijing is much colder than _ of Shanghai.知识点二：（课文重现）In a way our programmer is like our coach. 从某种程度上看，我们的程序员就好像是我们的教练。考查角度：in a way的用法和由way构成的一些常见短语in a/one way在某种程度上，就某个意义来说。way构成的其他常见短语by the way顺便说一句all the way全程，一直地in the way 挡着；阻碍lose ones way迷路in no way绝不，没门on ones way to 在往的路上根据上述知识，请完成610题6. Dont stand _ _ _(挡我的道).7. This is _ _ _ (最好的办法) to solve the problem.8. You have to do it _ _ _(按照我的方法).9. _ _ _(顺便提一下), have you seen that movie?10. _ _ _ _(在我回家的路上), I saw an accident.知识点三：（课文重现）She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while watching human games. 她把观看人类比赛时所看到的一切可能的动作编入我的程序。考查角度：while + doing 的省略While后接doing结构，此时现在分词与句子的主语是主动关系。While后可接现在分词或过去分词。当分词与主语是主动关系时，用现在分词；当分词与主语是被动关系时，用过去分词。当从句与主句主语一致，且谓语动词为be+分词时，常省略从句中的主语与谓语动词的“be”部分。与when 有这种类似用法的常见词还有：if, unless, once, though, whenever, as if, even if 等。根据上述知识，请完成1114题11. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss.A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned12. _ with the size of the whole earth, the biggest ocean does not seem big at all.A. Compare B. When comparing C. Comparing D. When compared13. Unless _ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference.A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited14. When _ help, one often says “Thank you”. ” Or “It is kind of you.A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered D. offered知识点四：（课文重现）In this way, I can make up new moves using my “artificial intelligence”. 这样，我就可以运用我的“人工智能”补充新的动作。考查角度：make up的不同含义(1) 补足(2)；编排；(3)化妆；(4) 组成 (be made up of 由组成) ；(5) 整理特别注意：* make up for 补偿根据上述知识，请完成1518题15. Everyone in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _ jokes.A. turning up B. putting up C. making up D. showing up完成句子16. She is very good at _ _ (编造) excuse.17. You must _ _ _ _ (弥补损失) for the part of Macbeth.18. We must _ _ (弥补) for the lost time.知识点五：（课文重现）After all, with the help of my electronic brain which never forgets anything, . 不管怎样，在我过目不忘的电子脑的帮助下，运用智慧就是我的一切。考查角度：after all的含义和用法及all构成的常见短语after all (尽管)，到底，毕竟，终究，究竟。可用于句首、句中或句末，表示强调。含有all的常用短语还有：above all首先，最重要的是 in all 总计 at all 根本，全然 first of all首先根据上述知识，请完成1922题19. People may have different opinions about Kaven, but I admire her. _ she is a great musician.A. After all B. As a result C. In other words D. As usual20. Id like to buy a house-modern, comfortable, and _ in a quiet neighborhood.A. in all B. above all C. after all D. at all翻译下面的句子21B. I havent been at all well recently._。22B. The bill came to $25 in all._。知识点六：（课文重现）This means that it should clean the house, mop the house, cook the dinner and deal with telephone calls. 这就意味着它应该打扫房间，拖地板，做饭以及接电话。考查角度：deal with的含义和用法deal with, 有如下几个意思：和打交道，对付，处理，论述，谈（某问题），和做买卖。可单独使用，也常和how连用。特别注意：do with也有“处理”的意思，但do with要与what连用，而deal with要与how连用，都表示“怎样处理”。根据上述知识，请完成2326题21. How are you going to _ such problems?A. do with B. deal with C. deal D. do up22. Im sorry that I really dont know _ to deal with the trouble.A. how B. that C. why D. whichStep three: 课堂小结Step four: HomeworkTry to remember the important language pointsUnit 3 ComputersGrammar-The present Perfect Passive VoiceStep one: Revision1A. 单词拼写1.An abacus is a very useful _. ( 计算器）2.What are the _ of being famous.（缺点）3.This so-called gold is _, but it costs as much as real gold.（人造的）4. John is _, so he can never come up with a way to get through.（头脑简单的）5.The chief _ of Chinas football team is trying to improve his teams performance.（教练）6. IT, which means Information T_, is very important.7. Edison was a great inventor. He i_ useful things for everyone.8. After the Industrial R_, farmers left their fields and went to work in factories.9. If no new situation a_, we will be successful.10. Dont be sad, a_, you tried your best.Step two: 现在完成时被动语态的构成【观察与思考】1. 现在完成时被动语态的肯定式由“have has been 及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：Two windows have been broken两个窗子被打破了。2. 现在完成时被动语态的否定式由“have has notbeen 及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：The car has not been repaired这辆汽车还没有修好。3. 现在完成时被动语态的一般疑问式由“Have Has 主语been及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：Has her work been finished？墓魍瓿闪寺穑?/P Yes，it has是的，完成了。Have the cars been repaired？这些汽车修好了吗？No，they havent不，还没有。4. 现在完成时被动语态的特殊疑问式由“疑问词havehas主语been及物动词的过去分词”构成。例如：How long has her work been finished？她的工作完成有多久了？Who has been helped by the new computer？谁已经得到了这台新计算机的帮助？How many new words have been learned by the students？这些学生已经学会了多少单词？【小试牛刀】根据上述知识，请完成14题1. I cant see any coffee in this cupboard._A. Has it all been finished B. Was it all finishedC. Has it all finished D. Did it all finish2 Millions of pounds worth of damage _by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A. has been caused B. had been causedC. will be caused D. will have been caused3. More patients _in hospital this year than last year. A. treated B. have treated C. had been treated D. have been treated4. The window is dirty. I know. It _for weeks.A. hasnt cleaned B. didnt cleanC. wasnt cleaned D. hasnt been cleaned【触摸高考】（08, 安徽卷）33C. I like these English songs and they _many times on the radio.A. taught B. have taught C. are taught D. have been taught【触摸高考】(08, 上海卷)32C.In recent years many football clubs _ as business to make a profit.A. have runB. have been runC. had been runD. will runStep three: 使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题【观察与思考】1. 现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即 have has和been，两者缺一不可。2. 注意与一般过去时被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响和结果。例如：The house was built last year这房子是去年建造的。The house has been built这房子已经建好了。3. 由finish，buy，start，begin，post，return，borrow， join，marry，open等词构成的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语如for four days，how long等连用，而要改换动词或时态。例如：译：这本书买了多久了？误：How long has this book been bought？正：How long ago was this book bought？但这类动词的否定式可表示动作的持续过程，具有延续性，因而可与since或for引导的时间段连用。例如：No books have been bought since last week自上周以来，没有人来买过书。4. 短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。例如：The orphan has been well looked after这位孤儿一直受到很好的照顾。【小试牛刀】根据上述知识，请完成513题正误辨析5. 能量饮料不允许在澳大利亚制造但是可以从新西兰引进。误：Energy drinks are not allowed to be making in Australia but are bought in from New Zealand.正：_.6 . 自去年以来，我们的家乡发生了翻天覆地的变化。误：Great changes have been taken place in our hometown since last year.正：_.7. 去年，那所学校超过十二名学生被保送出国留学。误：More than a dozen students in that school sent abroad to study me