初二下家教资料Unit2学习卷.doc

Unit 2
词汇学习
1） adj. 每天的 n.天
2） v. 增加 increasable adj. 可增加的
increasing adj. 日益增加的 (反义) v. 减少
3） adj. 不耐烦的 impatiently adv. 不耐烦地
impatience n. 急躁 (反义) patient adj. 耐心的
4） adv. 舒服地 comfort v. 安乐n. 舒适
comfortable adj. 舒服的 (反义) adv. 不舒服地
5） v. 放松 relaxed adj. （人）轻松的
relaxing adj. 令人放松的
6） n. 工厂， 作品 work n. 工作，事业 v. 工作，干活
7） n.清洁，打扫 clean v.使干净 adj. 清洁的
8） adj. 普通的 adv. 普通地
9）. He doesn’t have a necessary ________, though he was badly ill. (treat )
10）. A few days ago, I was floating ______ in a cloud in Jiangxi, enjoying the view. ( comfort)
11）. Our body needs eight cups of water ______. ( day )
12）. Doctors suggest us we should brush our __ at least twice a day. ( tooth ).
13）. The cloud dropped the water into a stream and the water ______ down the mountain into the Yangtze River. ( speed )
14）. The strange voice _______ Dasiy when she heard it. ( freeze )
15）图表（ ） 工具（ ） 设备（ ）
16）普通的（ ） 直到。。。为止（ ） 管道（ ）
17）彻底的（ ） 服从（ ） 流动（ ）
18）符号（ ） 数量（ ） 警告（ ）p12
语法学习—情态动词学习
1，must有哪两个意思？
2，Come on! We __________ hurry because there isn't much time left.
  A. may   B. must   C. can   D. need
3. Amy did best in the English test. She __________ hard last week.
  A. must have working   B. should have worked   C. should work   D. must work
4. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone  _______ get out.
  A. had to   B. would   C. could   D. was able to
5. ---I stayed at a hotel while in New York.      ---Oh, did you? You  __________ with Barbara.
  A. could have stayed   B. could stay   C. would stay   D. must have stayed
6. It's nearly seven o'clock. Jack  __________ be here at any moment.
  A. must   B. need   C. should   D. can
7. How _______ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article?
　　A. can B. must C. need D. may
8. —I hear you’ve got a set of valuable Australian coin. _______ I have a look?
　　—Yes, certainly.
　　A. Do B. May C. Shall D. Should
9. You’ve been working all day . You _____ be very tired . (must ，can’t，may，，will ; coud，must)
10. I wonder who that is . It ____ be Lisa . She still in the library . (must ，can’t，may，，will ; coud，must)
11. I haven’t decided where I’m going for my holidays . I _____ go to Australia . (must ，can’t，may，，will ; coud，must)
12. I don’t know when the guests ____ be here . They _____ arrive at any time .
13. We have got little time . We _____ hurry . (must ，can’t，may，，will ; coud)
A。can 在疑问句中，表示疑惑、怀疑，根据情况可译作“能、可以”等。
B。may 表示请求对方允许，即：“我可以做…吗?”
(must ) (can’t) (may) (will ; coud) (must)
Must
(1).must表示主观看法，意为“必须、一定”。如：You must stay here until I come back.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。Must I hand in my homework right now?我必须现在交作业吗？
(2)其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要” “千万别” “禁止,不许”.如：You mustn’t play with fire. 你不许玩火。You mustn’t be late.你一定不要迟到。
（3）对must引导的疑问句，肯定回答为must，否定回答为needn’t 或don’t have to .如：—Must I finish my homework?我现在必须完成作业吗？—No, you needn’t.不，你不必。
(4)must表示有把握的推测，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now.灯亮着，他现在肯定在家。
Can（could can的过去式，意为“能、会”，表示过去的能力。如：He could write poems when he was 10. 他十岁时就会写诗。）
（1）.表示能力、许可、可能性。表示能力时一般译为“能、会”，即有种能力，尤其是生来具备的能力，此时may和must均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can’t . 她能游得很快，但我不能。I can see with my eyes.我用眼睛看。
（2）.表示许可，常在口语中。如：You can use my dictionary. 你可以用我的字典。
（3）.表示推测，意为“可能”，常用于否定句和疑问句中，此时can’t译为“不可能”。如：Can the news be true?这个消息会是真的吗？—Can it be our teacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗？—No, it can’t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。
May（may的过去式为might，表示推测时。可能性低于may。如：He is away from school. He might be sick.他离开学校了，可能是他生病了。）
（1）.表示请求、许可，比can正式，如：May I borrow your bike?我可以借你的自行车吗？You may go home now.现在你可以回家了。
(2) .表示推测，谈论可能性，意为“可能，或许”，一般用于肯定句中。如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能会下雨。She may be at home.她可能在家呢.
(3) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V例如：May you have a good time.祝你过得愉快。May you be happy!祝你幸福！May you succeed！
2. can和may表示可能性时的区别：
1)在肯定句中用might，may，must，不用can
2)在疑问句中表示推测用can，不用might，may，must
3)在否定句中用can’t（不可能），不用may，must。如：She may be in the classroom .她可能在教室里。Where can they be now? That can’t be true.
(BADAC）
单选题学习
( ) 1. What does the manager mean _____ saying break legs when we have the match？ A. for B. by C. with D. to
( ) 2. My little brother can’t find his favourite toy and now he becomes ______.A. impatiently B. happily C. excited D. impatient
( ) 3. Hurry up! We have _____ time left.
A. many B. much C. little D. a little
( ) 4. Suddenly, I heard __ strang voice behind me. A.a B an C. the D. /
( ) 5. When Daisy _______ and the tap was on.
A. is brushing B. brushed C. brushes D. was brushing.
( ) 6. Daisy is talking with a ____ of water.
A. cup B. piece C. drop D. box
( ) 7. This place is very _____ and make people feel ______.
A. relaxed…relaxed B. relaxing…relaxing
C. relaxed…relaxing D. relaxing…relaxed
( ) 8. water was given a thorough ______ and get ______ up.
A. clean…clean B. cleaning…cleaned
C. cleaned…cleaned D. cleaned…cleaning
( ) 9. Let’s wait _____ the rain stop.
A. until B. because C. but D. so
( ) 10. Please remember _______ the light when you leave the classroom.
A. turning off B. turn off C. turned off D. to turn off
( ) 11. How many people can a plane ___? A. take B. send C. carry D. bring
( ) 12. The room has _____ so it is ______.
A. enough lights…enough bright B. enough lights…bright enough
C. lights enough…bright enough D. lights enough…bright enough
( ) 13. It _____ me fifteen minutes to go to school by bike.
A. keeps B. uses C. spends D. takes
( ) 14. A: Daisy could read English when she was four years old.
B: _______ clever the girl was!
A. How a B. What a C. What D. How
( ) 15. Only you are here. Where are ______?
A. the other boy B. the others boys C. other boys D. the other boys
( ) 16. A: Which do you like btter, singing or dancing?
B: _________ of them is ok. I like all the activites.
A. Both B. Neither C. Either D. None
( ) 17. A: I’m afraid I can’t help you.
B: ________. I can do it by myself.
A. Certainly B. That’s right C. Never mind D. I’m sorry.
( ) 18. A: When will we get off the buts? B: ______.
A. Here they are. B. Here we are. C. We are here. D. Thank you.
( ) 19. Teacher wanted to find out who broke the window but no one replied.
A. answered B. talked C. said D. spoke
( ) 20. The doctor gave him a thorough exam that day.
A. clearly B. careful C. complete D. correct

语法学习一被动时态学习1~5CBABA 6~10CBDCB
被动语态与时态是英语语法的一种，描述的是主语与谓语之间的被动关系。
被动语态的动词由“be动词接过去分词（be+p.p.）”构成，如下所示。过去分词之前的be动词的时态，即表示出被动语态动词的时态。
(1)现在式：主词+am(is,are)+过去分词+by+受词。
House painting is always done by me at home. 在家的时候房子总是我来刷。
(2)过去式：主词+was(were)+过去分词+by+受词。
I wasn’t invited.我没有被邀请。
一般现、过用be done, be有人称、时、数变
例：主动：The children gave the foreign guests a warm welcome. 　　
被动：The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the children. 　　孩子们热烈地欢迎外宾。 　　
主动：People regard him as brilliant. 　　
被动：He is regarded as brilliant by people. 　　
人们认为他很有才华。 　　
以上两例都是一般时态用be done的例子，be有人称、时、数变，第三人称foreign friends是复数，时态一般过去时，所以"be done"就是were given，而People regard him as brilliant一句，被动后的"be done"就变成单数第三人称is regarded的形式了。
例：主动：We have studied English for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school.
被动：English has been studied for 3 years off and on at the spare-time school. (have随新主语变为has) 　　我们已经在夜校里断断续续地学了三年英语了。
练习：主动: Somenody had cleaned my shoes. 　　
被动:
My shoes had been cleaned by somebody.
( )1.—Do you often clean your classroom?
—Yes. Our classroom ___ every day.
A. clean B.cleans C.is cleaned D.is cleaning
( )2.A talk on developments in science and technology___in the school hall next week. A. given B.will be given C.has been given D.give
( )3.His new book___ next month.
A. will be published B. is publishing
C. is being published D. has been published
( )4.—Did you go to Jack’s birthday party?
—No,I____. A.am not invited B.wasn’t invited C.haven’t invited D.didn’t invite
( )5.—Mum,can I go to the zoo with Jack?
—When your homework___,you can.
A. is done B.was done C.does D.did
( )6.Twenty—year—olds should not____to drive in China.
A.allow B.be allow C.be allowed D.allowed.
( )7.Seeing him rush into the room with tears in his eyes,I asked him what___. A.would happenB.had happened C.happened D.was happened.
( )8.The book Business@the Speed of Thought ___in 1999.
A.writes B.is written C.wrote D.was written.
( )9.Trees and flowers__every year to make our country more beautiful.
A.is planted B.was planted C.are planted D.were planted.
( )10.China’s sports stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang___Good Will Ambassadors(亲善大使)for Shang hai.
A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named
1. A. 2. D. 3. C. 4. A.5. D 6. C. 7. D. 8. B. 9. A. 10. D.11. C. 12. B. 13. D 14. D 15. D. 16. C. 17. C. 18 B. 19 A. 20. C
语法学习—现在进行时学习
首先，我们要知道，现在进行时在什么情况下使用：
1、顾名思义，当我们在谈论此时此刻正在发生的事情时，要用现在进行时；E.g. Look！ That dog is chasing the ball!
2、当我们要和经常性发生的事件做比较的时候，也要用现在进行时。
E.g. He usually plays tennis after school, but he is playing basketball today.
在进行时: 表示正在进行的、发生的动作
通常在句子中有以下的词：now, look, listen.
句子的结构如下： be（am, is,are ）+动词 ing
肯定句：be + doing
否定句：be not + doing
疑问句：Be + 主语 + doing？
如：肯定句：1. I am listening to the music now.
2. The students are drawing pictures now.
3. Listen! She is singing .
4. Look! Mr Li is riding a bike.
否定句：1.I am not (I’m not)listening to the music now.
2.The students are not(aren’t) drawing pictures now.
疑问句：1. Listen! Is Amy singing?
Yes,she is.\No, she isn’t.
2. What are they doing?
They are (They’re) swimming.
其中，动词的ing形式有如下方法：
1. 在动词后直接加ing,如: go-going , wash-washing,fly—flying
2. 以不发音字母e结尾 ， 去掉e再加ing,如 ：drive—driving, ride—riding,skate-skating,make-making,have-having,write-writing,take-taking, dive-diving,dance-dancing,come-coming
3.双写双写末尾字母，再加ing,如：swim- swimming,run—running，get—getting,put-putting,set-setting
练习：
1．Mr Zheng (read) a book now.
2. The rabbits (jump) now.
3.. Look ! Tom and John (swim).
4. My brother (make) a kite in his room now.
5. Look! The bus (stop).
6. We (have) an English class now.
7. Listen! Someone is (come).
8. What are they doing?
They (catch) butterflies now.
9. What is he doing ?
He (do) an experiment now.
10. Are they collegting leaves ?
No,they’re not. They (collect) stamps now.
11. Look! He (dive) now.
12. Tom ( watch ) TV in the dining room.
13. The doctors (get ) off the bus.
14. Come on. They ( leave ) now.
15. It (eat) fish now.
16. My father (work) in the office now.
17. Where is your mother?
She (answer) the phone.
18. The teachers (run) now
语法学习—过去进行时学习
过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内进行或发生的动作。其形式为was /were + V-ing。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如：last night, last Saturday等；或者与when, while, as引导的过去时间状语连用。

基本用法
1. 过去进行时的基本用法主要表示过去某一时间正在进行的动作。 　　
如：He fell asleep when he was reading. 他看书时睡着了。 　　
2. 用过去进行时表示现在主要是为了使语气委婉、客气。 　　
如：I was wondering if you could give me a lift. 我不知你能否让我搭一下车。 　　
【注】一般过去时也有类似用法，但比较而言，用过去进行时显得更客气，更不肯定。 　　
3. 过去进行时表示感情色彩与现在进行时相似，过去进行时也可表示满意、称赞、惊讶、厌恶等感情色彩，也通常与 always, forever, continually等副词连用。 　　
如：They were always quarrelling. 他们老是吵架。 　　
4. 动词be的过去进行时
动词be的进行时也可表示过去一时的表现或暂时的状态。 　　
比较：He was friendly. 他很友好。(指过去长期如此) 　　
He was being friendly. 他当时显得很友好。(指当时一时的表现) 　　
补充：when 的后面加一般过去时，而且动词是不延续性动词。 　　while 的后面加过去进行时，动词是延续性动词。

特殊用法
1、当句子意思很清楚时，我们也可以把两个动词都换成一般过去时 　　
We listened carefully while the teacher read the text.
老师读课文时，我们都仔细地听着。 　　
2、表示按计划、安排过去将要发生的事。用于come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置转移的动词时，也可以用过去进行时表示过去将要发生的动作。 　　
如：He told me that he was going soon.
他告诉我他很快就要走了。 　　
3、表示故事发生的背景。 　　
It ( ) as the medical team made its way to the front.
那支医疗小组往前线行进时，天正下着雪。 　　
4、表示一个新的动作刚刚开始。 　　
过去进行时可用来引出一个新的动作，这种用法颇有点儿像镜头转换。 　　
Five minutes later, he stood in the doorway smoking a cigarette.
5分钟后，他已站在门口抽着烟。 　　
5、过去进行时还可和when结构遥相呼应，含有意外之意。 　　
I ( ) in the street when someone called me.
我正在街上走时突然有人喊我。 　　
6、用来陈述原因或用作借口。 　　
She went to the doctor yesterday. She was having a lot of trouble with her heart.
她昨天去看病了。她患了很严重的心脏病。 　　
7、与always, constantly等词连用，表示感情色彩。 　　
The girl was always changing her mind.
这女孩老是改变主意。
was snowing, was walking
常用的时间状语
　　this morning, the whole morning, all day ,yesterday, from nine to ten last evening, when, while ,at that time,.just now，a moment ago 　　My brother fell while he was riding his bicycle and hurt himself; 　　It was raining when they left the station;吗 　　When I got to the top of the mountain, the sun was shining.

语法学习—数词学习
1. 修饰不可数名词
little（几乎没有，表示否定含义）, a little（少量）, not much,（不多） much （许多） a great deal of （大量）
2. 修饰不可数名词
few（几乎没有，表示否定含义）, a few（少量）, not many（不多）, many （许多）a large number of （大量）
3. 修饰可数和不可数
no（没有）, some（一些）, any（一些）, a lot of （许多）,lots of (许多)， plenty of (充足的), enough （足够的）
4. 表示数量约数
数量
表示方式
例句
数量正好
enough
I have got enough rice.
数量过多
too many
too much
I have got too many apples.
I have got too much rice
数量过少
too few
too little
not enough
I have got too few apples.
I have got too little rice.
I haven’t got enough apple.
5. 其他数量搭配
only a few (=few)　 一点点 例句： He spoke only a few words.
not a few (=many)　 相当多，不少 例句：Both students have made not a few experiments on electricity.
quite a few (=many) 相当多 例句：Quite a few people came to the lecture.
many a (=many) 例句：Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs
6. none 的用法
none作为不定代词，其义相当于no one、nothing 或not any.
1) none与some one、 any one、 every one 均既可指人、也可指物，后可跟of结构；而no one、 everybody、 anybody、 something、 nothing等复合不定代词只表示人或只表示物，后面不能跟of结构。
2) none作主语指代三者或三者以上的可数名词复数时，谓语用单数也可用复数，常无多大区别；例句： None of them are teachers. None of them is teachers.
3) 对how many， how much 的否定简略回答，用none而不用nobody 或nothing。
例句： -- How much rice is there in the box? – None.
7. 可数名词与不可数名词
对可数名词的数量提问用 how many ;对不可数名词的数量提问要用 how much
1.______ martyrs have heroically laid down their lives for the people.
a. Thousand upon thousand of b. Thousand and thousands of
c. Thousands upon thousands o