chinglish原稿.doc

Why chinglish turns up?
When it comes to the Chinglish, we have to pay significantly attention to masses of words that are borrowed from other languages. As we all know English is a West Germanic dialect and develops with the culture clash and integration. English is an extroverted language with many words borrowed from French, German, Spanish as well as Chinese. According to a report conducted by Edward Taylor, an English anthropologist and linguist, Chinese words have devoted to the English borrowed words to 5%~20% of all the borrowed words, such as typhoon, tofu, kongfu and so on. To some extent, Chinglish reflects English people’s impression to china, that is to say, Chinglish is a mirror of Chinese culture and it is inextricably tied up with Chinese culture and tradition. With the rapid development of economy and the remarkable rise of China's comprehensive national power, the international standing and influence of socialist China are growing with each passing day which make English language absorb not only words from regular domain such as food and entertainment , but directly from many important events happened in China. For example, taikonaut is a word created by western media after china’s success in the launch of manned spacecrafts. Chinglish’s integration to English language is a trend which will last for a long time and English itself will be more dynamic and powerful.

there r two english that most people can't understand . one is Japanese English, another is Indian english.

Similarly, we have chin-english.

After the 17th century ,a new form of business English had been introduced because of the extend of Britian’s business. The essenscial characteristic was that it was depended on the local language and mixed with a lot of English words. It was called pidgin as well as pidgin English.
That was the origin of chin-English.
“洋泾浜”was used in the concession at that time. Soon it became popular and effective.
　　at the same time , the playboys were diffusing incorrect English such as ‘give you some color to see’.
let’s look at several funny exmples by games
学堂 school 司苦而

　　 当铺 paun shop 帮姆沙浦
　 　谷猫迎”即good morning，
“好度由途”即how do you do；
“肆鬼肆”即squeeze，即敲诈；
“密四”即mister。
“枪势”（chance）、
“瘪三”（begsay）、
I have take passages from the first english text book which was written by Chinese.
<1874年他编著的《英文入门》活字排印本>
　　尔几时到中国来

　　How long have you been in China？

　　哈何 郎、瞎辅 育 皮痕音却哀那

　　我来中国已十年矣

　　It is ten years since I come to China.

　　一脱一士吞夷欧司、新司挨哀开姆土却哀那

　　尔曾发财否

　　Have you made profit？

　　瞎辅 育 美叠 泼落非脱
now let’s take a look at the poem written by Yang Xun　(杨勋).
<1873年2月，《申报》>
　　清晨相问谷（好）猫迎（晨）

　　好度由途叙阔情。

　　若不从中肆鬼肆（贱钱）

　　如何密四叫先生。
What deserves to be mentioned is that we have apply it into our daily life.
肮三comes from the phrase ‘on sale’。The expound is nasty. 麦克风：microphone之音译。旧上海还称电话为\"德律风\"(telephone)，今天已经少见。
打：十二个，来自英语的dozen。
水门汀：水泥（地板）。英语cement。
水汀：暖气，来自英语steam。
三纹鱼：指的是鲑鱼。来自salmon。旧时译做\"萨门鱼\"。
“老虎窗”（roof window）、“拿摩温”（Noone）
司的克：手杖，来自stick。
派克：大衣。英语里称par－ka（风雪大衣）。
Nowadays, we are still creating such amount of chin-english. Although most of us have already known the exact pronunciations and grammar, we always understand and speak by the accustomed way------our own way.
Some of these spoken languages have even been popular among the foreigners in English-speaking countries. So we have ‘long time no see’ for example.
To some degree, the phenomenon of chin-english shows a kind of way that we learn and understand English.
Just like every one has his own idea of a piece of music or article, each of us has our own method to make a strange language be familiar with ourselves.
What caused chinglish to turn up? As we might consider, there are three main reasons, the distinctions of grammar and pronunciation as well as the integration and clash in culture and economics between China and English speaking countries.
Grammar: In fact, chin-English partly came from the distinction of the two languages. There are some points about it. For English, structure seems to be more important., but Chinese prefers the meaning of a sentence. Long sentences are used more in English, the subordinate clause is a good example, while more short sentences are seen in Chinese. And in an article, for example, we’d like to use many different sentence patterns when writing English, like “I think” or “as far as I an concerned” ,we hardly use the same pattern, while we are used to putting down the same patterns in Chinese ,such as parallelism. In many English workings, people frequently use abstract things to describe other things, but on the other hand, Chinese are likely to be more detailed and specific. We usually leave out something when using English and supplement the same things in Chinese .And I think an important difference which helps to bring about chin-English is that the key points of a sentence. We like writing things and put the key point at the end of the sentence in Chinese, but the key points are put at the start of sentence in English, like “我明天将要上班”and “I will to work tomorrow”. We have learnt English for years, but when we translate English into Chinese, we still use Chinese grammar, such as “who are you ?”and “you are who?” . Tradition and knowledge are opposite. So, it just like a fight between habit and thinking.
Pronunciation ＆structure: Our Chinese people’s mouths are some different than foreigners. It is said that English speakers have a piece of muscle that our Chinese people don’t have at all. That is to say that English speaker could speak some kind of pronunciation that our Chinese couldn’t speak at all. So we have to make some our own voice to take place of those in English. Such as “th”. We could hardly find any words with this pronunciation in Chinese.
Our mandarin has twenty-one first pronounce part(声母) and thirty-five last pronounce part（韵母）, and four-tunes (声调 ). This meant our mandarin has two thousand and nine hundred different voices in all.
While English has twenty vowel(原音) and twenty consonant(辅音) in all. So that means English has only four hundred different voice available at maximum. So this makes Chinese words and English words quite different. And this makes our Chinese have a quite different usage in speaking and form words.
Anyway in my opinion, the differences of the pronunciation and the words structure between our Chinese and English finally turn out this new kind of language Chin-English.
Our Chinese words usually have only one pronunciation of one or two. So as we mention about things like pork. From our Chinese mind we could probably think of the first word “pig” and the next word “meat”. So a new method to describe to the pork turned out to be “pig meat”. And this also can be applied to the words such as “mutton” “beef” “lard”(猪油) “talon”(牛油) and so on.
This is why we could create more and more Chin-English words to express our feelings and minds. And there is no wonder why we will think out “watch sister” to refer to our “cousin”.
Culture and economics:
Language is a part of culture. Different countries have different languages and cultures. Cultural differences are often differences through language mainly reflected in the title, greeting, praise and taboo, words, numbers and colors. As a linguistic phenomenon, chin-English has its own distinct characteristics and history. Chin-English is a product of the connection between English and Chinese culture. It is based on the standard English, but has its own characteristics in vocabulary, grammar and text. Language and cultural exchange is a two-way process. With the communication of the eastern and western culture, Chin-English will eventually be accepted by the world and never be known as the deformed English.

In conclusion, the existence of Chinglish is so reasonable. It comes from the distinctions of grammar and pronunciation as well as the integration between Chinese and English which clash in culture and economics between China and those English speaking countries. As each of us has our own method to make a strange language be familiar with ourselves, the phenomenon of Chinglish shows a kind of way that we learn and understand English.
In another aspect, many Chinese words are borrowed from other countries and cultures, so is English. Since there are a lot of words come from Chinese, it's easy to produce some Chinglish like those examples we just took. And, chinglish reflects English people's impression to china .That is to say, chinglish is a mirror of Chinese culture and it is inextricably tied up with Chinese culture and tradition. If there were no Chinglish, it would be much more difficult for foreigners to know Chinese customs because Chinese is too hard to learn for them. With the rapid development of economy and the remarkable rise of china's comprehensive nation power, the international standing and influence of socialist China are growing with each passing day which make English language absorb directly from many important events happened in China. As a result, some of these spoken languages have even been popular among the foreigners in English-speaking countries and hence ，chinglish is formed.
I believe that Chinglish will not only be used in China, but also in other English-speaking country for its convenience to connect China to the whole world.

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