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单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,*,本幻灯片资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据，如有不当之处，请参考专业资料。谢谢,Words and expressions,1,、,subway,地铁；地下人行道 （美）,underground,（英,）,2,、,elevator,电梯，升降机 （美）,lift,（英）,第1页,3,、,petrol,汽油（英）,gasoline gas,（美）,4,、,official adj,官方；正式；办公,n,政府官员，军官,区分：,officer,常指身着特定制服官员，,official,常指政府官员，行政官员。,e.g.An important official will visit our school.,短语：,official duties,公职,official language,官方语言,第2页,5,、,voyage,航行 航海 航空,指不论距离长短海上，水上或者空中旅行,Captain Cook went on a voyage around the world.,库克船长做了一次环球航海旅行。,travel,游历，观光,不强调详细目标地，常指到国外旅行,If I had enough money,I would travel abroad and see the world.,make/take/go on a voyage to.,去航行,第3页,trip,旅行，远足,指短距离旅行，常指回到原出发地。,We have a week for our trip to Beijing.,我们去北京旅程有一个星期。,tour,周游,用于巡回旅行，距离可长可短，常指访问一系列地方后又回到原出发地。,The group went on a tour around this island.,这个团周游了这个岛。,第4页,journey,指远距离陆地旅行,eg:We made a journey to the northwest of China.,第5页,6,、,conquer,征服；占领,eg:The Normans conquered England in 1066.,7,、,because of,因为，因为,because of,是介词短语，后面跟名词、代词、动名词或名词性从句。而,because,是连词，后面跟句子，引导原因状语从句。,He came to work late because of getting up late.,He came to work late because he got up late.,他因为起床晚了，所以上班迟到了。,第6页,拓展：,because of,同义短语,thanks to,多亏，因为；作表语或状语,owing to,因为；作表语或状语,as a result of,因为；作状语,on account of,因为；作状语,due to,（不能用于句首）因为；作表语或状语,第7页,8,、,native,本国，当地，本国人，当地人,9,、,come up,走近，上来，提出,（,1,）走近，赶上，上来,eg:A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.,(2)(,太阳，月亮）升起,eg:The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.,(3),被提出讨论，被谈到；引发注意,eg:Your question came up at the meeting.,注意：,come up,作,“,被提出,”“,被谈到,”,讲时为不及物动词，不用于被动语态，它用于以下两种结构中：,sb come up with sth.,和,sth come up,第8页,come up with,提出,（答案、方法等）,come about,产生,come to,清醒；共计,come out,出版；出现,come on,赶快，快点；加油,come down,降落；跌落,;come along,跟随,跟着来,come across,偶遇，碰到,come by,（为探望某人）作短暂造访,come true,成为现实；证实,come up to,到达，不辜负,第9页,10,、,apartment,公寓 美,flat,英,11,、,actually,实际上；实际上,eg:No,Im not a student.Im a doctor,actually.,in fact in reality as a matter of fact,12,、,AD,公元,BC,公元前,第10页,13,、,base,以,为依据；基础，基本,be based on/upon,以,为基础，以,为依据,This film is based on/upon the fact.,这部电影是以事实为依据。,at the base of,在,底部,base sth on sth,把,建立在,上,Dont base your happiness on otherspains.,第11页,base,与,basis,区分：,二者都有“基础”意思。,base,表示详细含义，意为,“,根基,”“,基础,”“,底座,”,eg:the base of a building,建筑物根基（基础，底部）,basis,表示,抽象含义，即,“,非物质方面基础,”,eg:the economic basis,经济基础,第12页,14,、,at present,现在，当前,相当于,at the present time,eg:Im afaid that I cant help you at present,Im too busy.,For the present,暂时,eg:I cant remember her name for the present.,第13页,present n,现在；礼品,adj,现在；,出席,，在场,be present at,出席,be absent from,缺席,eg:Three hundred guests were present at the ceremony.,vt,把,.,交给；颁发,present sth to sb=present sb with sth,把某物赠予给某人,eg:The headmaster presented a medal to each winner.,第14页,15,、,gradually adv,gradual,逐步，逐步,adj,eg Fallen leaves gradually decompose.,The weather gradually improved.,Study should be a gradual process.,第15页,16,、,enrich,使富裕,enable,使能够,enlarge,扩大，放大,en+,名词 使有,en+,形容词 使,entitle,使有权利,使有资格,encourage,使有勇气，勉励,en+,动词 有加强含义,enforce,强制执行，强迫,enlighten,（,en+,照亮）启蒙,第16页,17,、,vocabulary,词汇，词汇量,eg:He has a large vocabulary in English.,18,、,make use of,利用，使用,相当于,take advantage of,use,前能够用,good,the best,much,more,little,full,等表示程度词修饰,。,eg:You must make good use of this book.,You should make full use of time.,use up,用完,be of great use,很有用,第17页,19,、,latter,较后，（二者中）后者,the latter,常与,the former,连用，组成短语,the formerthe latter,前者,后者,Many people support the former idea,but personally I favor the latter.,很多人赞成前一个观点，但我个人喜欢后者。,later,是,late,比较级，意为较后。既能够做形容词，也可做副词。,latter,指事物先后，意为“后者”只能做形容词,第18页,20,、,identity n.,身份,identity card(ID card),身份证,identity certificate,身份证实,eg:The police are trying to discover the identity of the killer.,identify v.,确认，识别，认出。,eg:Can you identify your umbrella among these?,22,、,frequent,频繁，常见,adv frequently,频繁地，经常,第19页,21,、,fluent,流利，流畅,adv fluently,尤指外语流利，文字流畅,be fluent in,在某方面流畅,eg:She is fluent in English.,第20页,22,、,such as,:,“,比如，诸如,之类”，普通用来列举同类人或物中,几个例子,，,as,后面没有逗号,He has been to,many,countries,such as America,Canada and Germany.,for example,“,比如”：列举同类事物中,一个例子,，在句中作插入语，可用于句首、句中、句末，需用逗号隔开。,Many students have recited,（背诵）,the passage.,For example,Tom is one of them.,第21页,23.frequently adv,频繁地，经常（,=often),eg This question is frequently asked.,He frequently visits Hongkong.,频度副词：,always,usually,often frequently,sometimes,occasionally,seldom,never,第22页,24,、,command,命令，指令，掌握,under ones command,由,指挥,under the command of sb.,在,指挥之下,have(a)command of,掌握；精通（尤指语言）,eg:The army is under the kings direct command.,He has a good command of French.,Command sb to do sth,命令某人做某事,eg:The policeman commanded the thief to stop.,command that.(should)do.,命令,Eg:The teacher commanded that he(should),go out of the classroom.,第23页,25,、,request,请求，要求,(1)make(a)request for.,请求；要求,eg We should make a request for help.,at sb.s request=at the request of sb.,应某人之要求,by request(of),照需要；依照请求；应邀,（,2,）,request sb.to do sth.,请求某人做某事,eg Vistors are request not to touch the exhibits.,request that sb.(should)do sth.,要求，,请求,The teacher requested that we(should)come an hour earlier.,第24页,request,ask,demand,require,(1)request,意为“请求，要求”，指正式或礼貌请,求。通惯用于希望他人做某事，语气比较委婉。,She requested permission to film at the White House.,她申请准予在白宫拍摄。,(2)ask,意为“请求”，指想从他人那里得到什么。其,结构为“,ask sb.for sth.,ask sb.to do sth.”,。,He asked his mother for six dollars.,他向母亲要了,6,美元。,第25页,Parents ask me to come back early after school.,父母要我放学后早点回家。,(3)demand,意为“强烈要求”，语气较重，含“自己以为有理由要求”意思。后接名词或不定式作宾语，但不能接不定式作宾补，能够接用虚拟语气从句。,The captain demanded to know what was going on.,上尉要求知道发生了什么事。,She demanded that we(should)give her an immediate answer.,她强烈要求我们立刻给她一个回复。,第26页,(4)require,意为“需要，要求”，含“按照法规要,求”意思。其后接用虚拟语气从句，也可接不,定式作宾补。,The city government requires that all the,people(should)protect the environment.,市政府要求人们保护环境。,The city government requires the people to,keep the streets clean.,市政府要求人们保持街道清洁。,第27页,26,、,expression,词语，表示，表示,v express,27,、,midwestern,中西部,eastern,东方，东部,western,西方，西部,southeastern,东南,northwestern,西北,第28页,28,、,play a part in,饰演,角色,play a role in,Attitude plays an important part,（,role,）,in learning English.,29,、,accent,口音，腔调,eg:Her accent is northern.,30,、,lightning,闪电,eg:Lighting usually accomanies thunder.,31,、,block,街区，木块，石块,eg:We live on the same block.,32,、,cab,出租车 （口语化）,taxi,稍正式一点,第29页,33,、,straight,adj adv,(1)adv,笔直地，平整地，成直线,eg:She looked at me straight in the eye,(2)adv,直接，径直，马上,eg:Come straight home after school.,(3)adj,直,eg:His friend is tall,slim girl with a straight nose.,(4)adj,坦诚，正直,eg:I dont think youre being straight with me.,第30页,34,、,recognize,(1),识别出，认出,eg:I recognized my old friend at once,(2),认可,搭配：,recognize that.,recognize sb/sth to be,recognize sb/sth as,认可。是。,This book is now recognized as a classic.,这本书现在被公认为一部经典著作。,We all recongnize him to be a wise leader.,It is recognized that.,人们公认,eg:It is recognized that environmental pollution has become one of the serious problems that people face.,第31页,recognize,know,admit,realize,(1)recognize,与,know,都有“认识”含义。,know,表示,“认识”，能够用于人或物，以前能够认识，也能够,不认识，是一个延续性动词,;recognize,表示“认出”，只能用于原来就已经认识人或事物，是一个非延续性动词。,(2)recognize,与,admit,都有“认可”含义。但,admit,对象普通是不正确或不光彩事实；而,recognize,多指“认可”某人或某物是正当、有效。,(3)recognize,与,realize,都有“意识到；认出”含,义，但,realize,强调无意中注意到，从而了解本质，,明白事理；而,recognize,则强调从对记忆搜索中辨,认出人、物、声音、方位等。,第32页,
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