文化交流交融视野下的吐蕃戎马制度研究.pdf

-56-2006(唐纳德拉罗卡)2009 (Chicago)(730030)K281 A 10052089(2023)02056009 ()163 2023 (2023)-57-“”“”P.T.1062-P.T1063P.T.1064 S.T.1284(IOL TIB J 760)Line3 S.T.1284(IOL TIB J 760)Line5 S.T1284(IOL TIB J 760)Line13 P.T.1066:74-99 G IDP Internationl Dunhuang Project.P.T.1066 J 2022(3).-58-“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“M 2018:34,32,51.巴桑旺堆.吐蕃历史文献研究论文集 M.上海：上海古籍出版社，2018:168.M 2018:22.-59-”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”“”P.T.1060 “”M 2018:42,45,44.“”(M 2018:44.)M 2010:251.-60-P.T.1096“”(河西走廊)“”“”“”M 2018:27,20,21,38.-61-“”“”M 2018:40,18.P.T.1096 -62-“”“”(唐纳德拉罗卡)(萨珊王朝,224-651)(斯基泰)M 2013:188.“人马俱披锁子甲，其制甚精，周体皆遍，唯开两眼，非劲弓利刃之所能伤也”（杜佑,通典 吐蕃卷 C,浙江：浙江古籍出版社，1996：1302.）霍巍,吐蕃马具与东西方文明的交流 J.考古.2009(11):78.LaRocca:Warriors of the Himalayas:Rediscovering the Arms and Armor of TibetM,Metropolitan Museum of Art.2006:222.马冬,陶涛.锁子甲的起源、形成及传入中国 J.中国典籍与文化.2005（1）：114,121.-63-“”“”“”“”“”-64-文化交流交融视野下的吐蕃戎马制度研究拉卡南拉才让摘要：戎马是古代战争中最重要、最灵活、最具战斗力的军事工具之一。据现存吐蕃时期戎马文书可窥见，吐蕃戎马来源主要有本土戎马和战利所得戎马。随着吐蕃疆域的扩展，戎马管理与相关律例也日趋丰富和成熟。当时，按用途对戎马进行戎马圈和牧马人、擒马人等分级分类管理，并且按戎马的损失情形对相关人员赋予弑马赔偿律例、丢弃赔偿律例、参战律例等法律进行赔偿和惩罚。另外，吐蕃戎马护甲文化也相当丰富多彩，有脸护甲、脖护甲、躯体护甲、臀护甲等，以官兵军事等级来配备戎马优良及护甲装备，这种护甲文化是经丝绸之路传入唐、吐谷浑等周边民族，进而传入吐蕃，可以说是多民族文化融合的结果。关键词：吐蕃戎马；戎马制度；护甲文化；文化交流作者简介：拉卡南拉才让，男，西北民族大学中国语言文学学部2021级博士研究生，主要研究方向：中国古典文献学。本文系 2020 年度国家社科基金重大项目“吐蕃时期敦煌文献的整理与研究”的阶段性成果,项目编号 20&ZD210。Studying On Tubo Military Horse System From The Perspective Of Cultural Exchange And IntegrationGnam-lha-tshe-ringAbstract:Military horse is one of the most important,flexible and effective military tools in an-cient wars.According to the existing documents about military horses in Tubo period,its main sources was locality and war.With the expansion of Tubo territory,the management of it and re-lated laws became increasingly rich and mature.At that time,the military horses were classified and managed according to their uses,such as the horse pens,horse wrangler and horse catcher,and relevant personnel would be punished and asked for compensation in accordance with the laws for killing horses,abandoning horses,and fighting in war.In addition,the armor culture of Tubo mili-tary horse was also quite colorful,which included face armor,neck armor,body armor,buttock ar-mor,etc.,and officers and soldiers might be equipped with excellent horse and armor according to their military level.This armor culture was introduced to the Tang,Tuyuhun and other surround-ing ethnic groups through the Silk Road,and then into Tubo,which can be said to be the result of the integration of multi-ethnic cultures.Keywords:Tubo Military Horse;Military Horse System;Armor Culture;Exchanging Culture 2021 2020“”20&ZD210