研一英语Part A 翻译(终结版).doc

Part A 翻译
1、EU Is Getting Lost in Translation 2
欧盟遭遇翻译困局/欧盟迷失在茫茫译海 2
2、Freezing Nike Ad 3
耐克广告遭封杀 3
3、Entire Generation Might Have Been Lost in South Asian Earthquake 4
南亚地震摧毁未来一代 4
4、Part A Amateurs Audition to Bend it with Beckham 6
足球选秀：业余选手与贝克·汉姆欲结“香蕉球缘”（直译） 6
业余选拔：成为贝克汉姆的新队友 6
5、Get Prepared for New SAT 7
备战新型学业能力测试/备考新SAT 7
6、Can America Compete with China's New Economy 9
中国新经济：能否与美分庭抗礼？ 9
7、Young from the Aisles to the Stage 11
8、Bill Clinton’s Memoir 12
1、EU Is Getting Lost in Translation
欧盟遭遇翻译困局/欧盟迷失在茫茫译海

Dan Harris: Finally tonight, the language barrier. When ten more countries joined the European Union today, the number of official languages nearly doubled, so now there are real worries about translation. ABC’s Richard Gizburg explains.
Dan Harris：今晚最后我们来谈谈语言障碍（的问题；增译法）。如今，又有10国加盟（Try to condense your language），欧盟的官方语言数几近翻倍，因此其翻译现状着实令人堪忧/翻译事宜如今确实令人堪忧 (formal word) /着实令人头大（colloquial word）。ABC记者Richard Gizburg为您报道/一一道来。
Richard Gizburg: Life at the EU parliament was complicated enough when there were eleven official languages. Now there are twenty. The EU’s budget for translating documents and debates has grown to one billion dollars a year. Among the challenges for the one thousand new translators who passed the test, is how to translate bureaucratic terms like “subsidiarity” into Polish?
Richard Gizburg：以前11种官方语言时，欧盟议会的活动就已足够复杂。而现在其官方语言数却多达20种。欧盟在翻译文件和讨论方面的年度预算已增至10亿美元。对于那1000名刚通过测试/认证的新译员/翻译新丁而言，他们面临的某一挑战就是，如何将诸如“基层化”的官方用语译成波兰语。
A translator: There are some expressions that are simply non-existent in our languages.
某翻译：有些表达方式/表述在我们母语里压根就不存在（simply non-existent）。
Richard Gizburg: Then there are the obscure languages. Malta is an island nation of just four hundred thousand. Translating Maltese to English for an EU debate is easy. But what about translating it to another lesser-known language?
Richard Gizburg：另外还有一些晦涩难懂/生僻（obscure）的语言。马耳他是个仅4000人的岛国。在欧盟讨论中，把马耳他语翻译成英语是件易事/绝非难事（正说反译法）。但如果将它译成另一种更鲜为人知的语言又会怎样呢？
Richard Gizburg: If I needed quickly to get a translator from Maltese into Lithuanian, could I get one?
Richard Gizburg：如果我想亟需一位能将马耳他语译成立陶宛语的翻译（misunderstanding），能找到吗？
Alan Xuereb (translator): I don’t think so.
Alan Xuereb（翻译）：我觉得不行。
Richard Gizburg: The solution? Relay translations. One translator goes from Maltese to a major language, like English or French, another translates it to Lithuanian. It gets tricky.
Richard Gizburg：解决办法呢/如何解决（词性转化翻译更简明）？接力翻译。一位翻译把马耳他语译成某主要语种/通用语，比如英语或法语，然后另一名翻译再把它译成立陶宛语。情况就变得复杂了(free translation)/这就会变成以讹传讹（literal meaning）。
A translator: Coz if, you know, if I make a mistake, then all the others probably are making the same mistake, so…
某翻译：所以，你要知道，如果我犯了一个错误，其他所有人很有可能会犯同样的错误。
Richard Gizburg: The United Nations is a much bigger club, but it has just six official languages. UN translators do relays, and multiple relays, which can go from Arabic, French, to English, to Chinese.
Richard Gizburg: 联合国是一个更为庞大（much bigger）的机构，但它只有6种官方语言。联合国的翻译也采用接力翻译，而且是多重接力，将阿拉伯语译成法语，然后译成英语再到汉语。
Stephen Pearl (former UN Chief English translator): And it becomes very close to that old party game, where you whisper around a circle, and see what message comes out at the end.
Stephen Pearl（联合国前首席英语翻译）：这近似于那些古老的派对游戏，大家围成一圈耳语，看看最后会传达出怎样的信息。
Richard Gizburg: It’s a wonder more leaders don’t get frustrated. Some people think the EU should cut down the number of its official languages. That would provoke a lively debate on whether the new expanded European Union is getting lost in translation. Richard Gizburg, ABC News, London.
Richard Gizburg：如果各国首脑不会因此灰心丧气，那简直就是个奇迹。有人认为欧盟应该削减官方语言的数量。就新近扩张的欧盟是否正陷入翻译泥沼的问题定将引发激烈的争论/这会引发一场关于欧盟扩张是否带来翻译困局的激烈争论。Richard Gizburg ，ABC新闻，发自伦敦的/在伦敦为您报道。

2、Freezing Nike Ad
耐克广告遭封杀
Peter Jennings: Finally this evening we are reminded of that ad for a bank, which says that to do international business successfully you got to know the local conditions. The advertising gurus of the world are constantly after that -one big idea which they can sell across countries and cultures, and it isn't easy, Nike can tell you that. The world's largest maker of sport shoes learned a very good lesson, in China. Here's ABC's Mark Lifky.
彼得•詹宁斯：今晚最后要提请我们让我们来关注一则试图赚钱/挣大钱的广告，该广告表明要成功打入国际市场就得了解当地民情。全球的广告大师/巨头都在不懈追求/孜孜以求可以跨国界、跨文化营销/推行的伟大构思/伟大创意，但那绝非易事。/然而做到这点实属不易。耐克就能向你证明了这一点（直译）/耐克对此感触良深（意译）。全球最大的运动鞋生产厂家在中国充分汲取了经验教训。下面是美国广播公司记者马克•里夫奇发回的报道。
The people of China are passionate about the ancient practice of kung fu, a martial art developed centuries ago by the buddhists monks of Shaolin temple, they are also passionate about the modern game of basketball, especially with Chinese superstar Yao Ming in the NBA. So, if you were a giant sportswear company looking to aggressively expand in China, you’d probably jump at the idea of an ad campaign to combine this with this, which is exactly what Nike did. They used Lebrawn James, the NBA’s youngest new star, in a cutting-edge commercial called the “Chamber of Fear”, Lebrawn taking on a kung fu master, and a team of temptresses as well. But when the ad began playing here, the response was not what Nike expected. Chinese sporting fans, still reveling in their recent Olympic glory, complained that the ad was insulting and disrespectful, that it ridiculed cherished symbols of Chinese culture. Others said it showed China as weak and incapable. And now, the Chinese government has banned the commercial, saying it violates TV regulations that require all advertisements to uphold national dignity and respect for the Motherland. In the country where Nike now spends $150 million dollars even in advertising, it was quite a blow. In its defense, Nike insisted that it only attempted to send a positive message to the young people to be courageous and fear nothing. The problem is in the commercial. It’s only the Chinese characters that are to be defeated “Chamber of Fear” is still to be shown in other Asian cities by Asia’s big market. But in Asia’s biggest market, it just wasn’t a slam dunk that Nike hoped it would be. Mark Lifky, ABC’s News, Beijing.
中国民众热衷于历史悠久的中国功夫，几百年来，少林寺佛教僧人将武术发扬光大。国民对现代篮球运动也是热情满怀，尤其是在巨星姚明进军NBA之后。任何一个大型运动服饰品牌企业，若雄心勃勃地期望大举拓展中国市场（分译法），自然会心生一计：在广告宣传中将二者相结合，而这正是耐克所做的/因此，作为一家致力于开拓中国市场的大型运动服饰品牌公司，你很可能立即想到要在广告宣传中将两者结合，这恰恰是耐克公司的运作方式（词性转译）。公司起用了NBA最年轻的新秀勒布朗·詹姆斯，在一则名为“恐惧斗室”的新潮广告中，他同一个武林高手以及一群妖女过招/较量。然而，广告在中国一经开播，公众的反响出乎耐克的预料/令耐克始料未及。仍沉浸于近来奥运辉煌的中国运动迷们，抗议这则广告是对中国的侮辱和不敬/辱没国格，大为不敬，嘲弄了中国文化所尊崇的象征。有人则说广告显示出中国的软弱无能。时至今日，中国政府已下令禁播广告，认为它违背了广告需维护国家尊严和尊重祖国的电视传媒规则（定语前置）/声称这则广告违背了电视播放条例，条例要求所有的广告都要维护国家的尊严，尊重祖国的文化（分译法）。在中国，耐克公司光是广告宣传就已经花费了1亿5千万美元，禁播广告（增译法）对其无疑是一个重创。
在公司的辩词中，耐克坚称自己只是旨在向年轻人传递一个正面信息，鼓励他们要勇敢无畏。/作为回应，耐克一口咬定只是尝试着给年轻人传送一种勇敢和无所畏惧的积极信息（合译法）。问题出在广告上，里面只有中国人被击败的镜头。“恐惧斗室”仍在亚洲其它城市播放。但是在中国这个亚洲最大的市场，这并非如耐克所愿定会一举成功（slum dunk）。美国广播公司记者马克•里夫奇在北京为您报道。
3、Entire Generation Might Have Been Lost in South Asian Earthquake
南亚地震摧毁未来一代

Elizabeth Vegas: Pakistani military official said today that the earthquake may have wiped out the generation of the children in the areas with its worst damage. It is another reminder that the impact of this disaster will be felt for years. ABC’s Gretchen Peters reports from the city of Muzafarabad.
伊丽莎白·维加斯：巴基斯坦军方官员今日表示，在重震灾区，未来一代可能会彻底消亡。眼前的这场地震带来了最为严重的破坏，也许会摧毁灾区一代儿童/因史无前例的重创（with its worst damage），受灾地区的整一代儿童可能会因眼前的这场地震彻底消亡。而另一提请人们关注的问题是/，这场灾难的影响可能会持续数年。（顺译）灾难所造成的影响将会持续数年，这是另一亟需关注的问题（调整语序）。下面是美国广播公司格雷钦.彼得来自穆扎法拉巴德的报道。
Gretchen Peters: This twisted mound of cement and rubble used to be the Rizwan elementary school. More than 400 children, aged 3 to 8, had just started class Saturday when the earthquake struck. Only 20 have been pulled out alive. Three days later, desperate parents are still frantically digging through the ruins, hoping against hope they might find their children alive. Today, all they found was this small pile of book bags. Shopkeeper Rizwan Naqvi has been searching for his 5-year-old daughter and his 7-year-old son. "The first day, they were pulling the children out alive," he says, "but now all I can find are my son's books," This kind of heart-wrenching scene is being repeated across the Kashmir valley, where at least one college and half of dozen schools have crumbled. Some fear an entire generation of children has been lost. Amid so much tragedy, a little bit of good news today, we hear that two roads have opened up into the region, meaning that much-needed supplies and rescue teams can finally get to this area. But for the hundreds of young children still trapped under the rubble, time is quickly running out. These Turkish rescuers arrived this afternoon and were dispatched immediately to the Rizwan school. They sent a sniffer dog to look for signs of life under the ruins. They haven’t found any yet. Gretchen Peters, ABC News, Muzafarabad, Pakistan.
格雷琴·彼得：这成堆的残垣败瓦曾是里瓦兹小学的校舍（增译法）/这些变形的水泥和瓦砾堆就是曾经的里瓦兹小学。周六地震发生时，400余名3至8岁的儿童刚开始上课。然而仅20名孩童获救生还。三天后，绝望的家长仍在疯狂地挖掘废墟，对找到幸存的子女仍抱有一线希望。现在，他们所能找到的只有这一小堆书包。店主Rizwan Naqvi一直在找寻他5岁的女儿和7岁的儿子。“第一天，他们挖掘出幸存的孩子”他说，“但现在我只能找到我儿子的书本。”如此揪心/撕心裂肺的场景在克什米尔(Kashmir)谷地一带不断上演，在此至少有一所高等学院和六所普通学校坍塌。有人担心会失去整一代儿童/未来一代将会消亡。然而, 在众多不幸之中，今天传来了一些好消息。／面对这样的人间惨剧，聊以安慰的是，我们获悉，两条通往灾区的道路业已疏通(open up)，这意味着亟需的救援物资和救援人员最终能顺利抵达。但是，对于数以百计仍被困于瓦砾下的儿童来说，时间即将耗尽/迫在眉睫／分秒必争。这些土耳其救援人员下午抵达后则立即被派往Rizwan学校的所在地。他们已派出搜救犬以期找寻废墟下的生命迹象。但迄今为止未曾有任何发现。美国广播公司Gretchen Peters，来自巴基斯坦Muzafarabad的报道。

4、Part A Amateurs Audition to Bend it with Beckham
足球选秀：业余选手与贝克·汉姆欲结“香蕉球缘”（直译）
业余选拔：成为贝克汉姆的新队友

Anchor: And finally from us tonight, cover an "American Idol" on the soccer field. This weekend, a Los Angles professional soccer team known as the Galaxy is holding open tryouts for one of these “dreaming of playing side-by-side with mega-star” David Beckham. ABC’s Brian Rooney talked with regular guys taking their long shot at the big time.
主持人：今晚最后我们为您报道足球场上的“美国偶像”。本周末，洛杉矶银河职业足球队将为那些梦想与足坛巨星大卫·贝克汉姆并肩作战的球员举行一次海选（合译法）/一个名为洛杉矶银河的职业足球队将举办一场公开赛，藉此选拔那些梦想与超级球星David 贝克·汉姆并肩作战的球员（分译法）。美国广播公司记者布莱恩·鲁尼访谈了那些渴望为这个梦寐以求的成名机会奋力一搏的业余选手。
Brian Rooney: Among the field of dreamers, was 29-year-old Steve Wright, an auto mechanic from Redono Beach.
布莱恩·鲁尼：在这些逐梦者当中/在所有渴望圆梦的参与者中，29岁的史蒂夫·赖特是一名来自丽浪多滩的汽修机师/技工。
(Brian Rooney: What made you come out here?
Steve Wright: Just for fun, you know, just give it a chance. You never know what happens.)
（Brian Rooney：是什么吸引你来这？/你为什么来这里？
Steve Wright：只是来玩玩/纯属好玩，当碰碰运气/只是来试试身手/就是给自己一个机会。。你永远不知道会发生什么？(literal translation) /谁知道行不行呢？（free translation）。
Brian Rooney: The Galaxy has had open tryouts before only about 150 players showed up. This year, it’s 800 hopefuls who play professional soccer and may be the chance to bend it with British star Beckham. 20-year-old Joe Horlock came all the way from England.
布莱恩·鲁尼：银河队曾经举办的海选仅150名左右的选手现身（show up 直译）/银河队之前的公开试训中仅有150名左右的选手参加。而今年，约有800名职业足球的希望之星/有望跻身职业球员行列的选手参加并有望成为英国巨星Beckham的队友共同踢出“贝氏弧线”/缔结“香蕉球缘”。20岁的Joe Horlock就从英国远道而来。
Joe Horlock: Obviously, the game’s a lot quicker in England and that's what I'm used to. So hopefully that will stand me in good stead coming over here.
Joe Horlock：在英国，足球赛的节奏无疑会快许多，而我也习惯了。所以，希望我来此能占点优势/但愿这能助我一臂之力。
Brian Rooney: The Galaxy is still looking for any undiscovered talent even they’ve got one of the world’s most famous players on the roster. Major League Soccer still needs to do anything it can to draw a crowd. The average Major League Soccer game draws about 15,500 fans, by comparison to the National Football league gets 67,000. Soccer is America's biggest sport for kids, but the MLS can’t seem to keep them interested as fans when they grow up.
布莱恩·鲁尼：即使银河队将一位世界最为知名的球员纳入名/麾下（get sb. on the roster），他们仍在找寻未被发掘的人才/网罗一些有潜力的球员。美国职业足球大联盟仍需竭尽所能/绞尽脑汁来吸引观众。因为相比全美橄榄球联盟平均67,000人次的上座率，美国足球联赛只能吸引约15,500的球迷到场。在美国，足球是小孩最热衷/中最为普及（the biggest）的运动，但美国职业足球大联盟却无法令他们长大成人后仍能保持对足球的兴趣。/但美国足联似乎并不能令他们对足球的热情延续到长大成人以后。
Alexi Lalas (the general manager of the Galaxy): So having soccer in your life is one thing, but having professional soccer in your life is another thing. And that's a hurdle that we still haven't figured out.
Alexi Lalas（银河队总经理）：日常踢足球是一回事，可将足球视为职业又是另外一回事。那仍是我们尚未逾越的一个障碍（literal meaning）/亟需解决的问题（free translation & 反说正译）。
Brian Rooney: The Galaxy sold 5,000 additional season tickets after signing Beckham. But some wonder whether he can work miracles for the entire League.
布莱恩·鲁尼：银河队在和贝克·汉姆签约后已经比原来多售出5000张/售卖了5000张增补的季票。但有人质疑他是否能为整个美国职业足球大联盟创造奇迹。
Brandi Chastain (a former player on the U.S. national women's team): He is not the savior for Major League Soccer. However, he has, with him, the star power to make people turn their attention towards the League. That’s exactly what the League believe.
Brandi Chastain（前美国女足队员）：他不是美国职业足球大联盟的救星/救世主。尽管他与生俱来的巨星魅力能令公众的注意力转向/人们更多关注美国足球大联盟（free translation）。那正是美国足球大联盟所坚信／期待的。
Brian Rooney: The next big star might be out here, paying $130 just to be considered. If they sign them, they won’t earn the budget like Beckham. Brian Rooney, ABC News, Los Angeles.
布莱恩·鲁尼：下一个巨星可能就在这些缴纳130美元就可报名参加的球员中产生（合译法）/未来巨星可能会在此孕育而生，只要缴纳130美元就予以考量。/130美元就可以报名参加预选赛 (free translation)，下一个超级明星或许将从这里诞生。如果球队和他们签约，他们也不会像贝克·汉姆那样获取巨额薪酬/签约费。记者布莱恩·鲁尼，美国广播公司新闻，来自洛杉矶的报道。

5、Get Prepared for New SAT
备战新型学业能力测试/备考新SAT

Richard Gibson: Finally tonight Labor Day is the traditional first day of school, with eleventh graders, twelfth graders thinking now about college. Well this year, they have something new to think about: writing. College professors complained that today’s students don’t know how to write, so now there’s going to be an essay on the SAT. Beware, you high schoolers, here’s ABC’s Laura Marquez.
理查德·吉布森：今晚最后的报道：劳动节是传统的开学日，也是11年级／高二和12年级／高三学生考虑上大学的时候。那么今年，他们有一些新的东西要考虑：写作。大学老师（American English：professor = a teacher at a university or college）们抱怨如今的学生不知道如何写作，所以现在，学业能力倾向测验（SAT）将增加短文写作。高中生们，注意了！这里是来自美国广播公司记者罗拉·马克兹的报道。
Laura Marquez: Baltimore’s Pikesville High school is putting a new emphasis on an old-fashioned skill this year: the art of writing an essay.
Teacher: Repetition is the key to success.
劳拉·马奎斯：今年，巴尔的摩的派克斯维尔高中将重新强调一项传统的技能：短文写作的艺术。
老师：反复练习是写作成功的关键。
Laura Marquez: For the first time, SAT test takers will be required to write a twenty-five minute composition, this in response to complaints by college educators that the computer generation doesn’t have the skills.
劳拉·马奎斯：学业能力倾向测验(SAT)第一次要求考生在25分钟内完成一篇作文，以回应大学教育者对于计算机时代的学生缺乏写作技能的抱怨。
S. Alston: Because we live in an email culture, we’re very very used to being informal and casual in our writing style.
Teacher: Begin working now.
艾斯·艾尔斯顿：因为生活在发送邮件的文化环境中，我们已经非常习惯采用随意的非正式写作风格。／所以对随意的、不正规的写作风格早就习以为常。
老师：现在开始写。
Laura Marquez: Until now, the SATs consisted of two parts, verbal and math, equally weighted. The president of the college board, which administers the test, pushed to include the so-called third R, writing.
迄今为止，学业能力倾向测验由两部分组成：语言和数学，两者比重相当。掌管该考试的大学董事会主席力主增加写作的内容，即所谓的第三Ｒ。／测试管理学院董事会主席力主纳入所谓的第三部分内容：写作。
G. Caperton (president): Writing was the thing that concerned me the most. If you look at the data, what high schools are requiring of the student as it rates to writing, and what college is requiring, there’s a huge difference!
G.开坡