如何对画线部分提问-(2).doc

如何对画线部分提问
“对画线部分提问”是初中英语测试中常见的一种句型转换题型，该类试题实际上就是把所给的陈述句变为特殊疑问句，也就是对陈述句中某一部分画线，就此产生疑问所构成的句子。 由于有很多同学答题时感到茫然，且错误率很高,本文将谈谈对这种题目的解题方法。
      做“对画线部分提问”通常采用“一选、二变、三取、四问号”的步骤， “一选”即选择恰当的能替换画线部分的疑问词放在句首； “二变”即将原来的句子变为一般疑问句跟在疑问词之后；“三取”即取掉原来句中的划线部分； “四问号”即在句末加上问号.
      特殊疑问句共有两种基本结构：一）疑问词（或其修饰的主语）＋谓语＋其它成份＋？ ；二）疑问词（或其修饰的词语）＋一般疑问句＋？。也就是说，做此类题型，关键是找准疑问词。那么怎样才能选好疑问词呢？下面举例说明：
1、对表示某人以及某人身份的名词提问时选用疑问词who，但如果句中出现name一词时用what . 如：
This is my teacher    →     Who is this?
Lucy is not here.     →     Who’s not here?
The boy’s name is Jim.→     What’s the boy’s name?
2、对物体、加、减、乘、除的得数，职业以及there be句型中的主语提问时选用疑问词what . 如：
I can see a bird in the tree.     →      What can you see in the tree?
Seven and eight is fifteen     →         What’s seven and eight?
My mother is a teacher.      →         What is your mother?
                                  What does your mother do?
There are five books on the desk.  →      What’s on the desk?
3、对表示学校、年级、班级、组、排、号的数词提问，选用疑问词what，这些名词要紧跟what之后。如：
I’m in No. 14Middle school.→ What middle school are you in?
Lily is in Row Three.→ What row is Lily in?
Jim’s bus is Number twenty. →What number is Jim’s bus?
4、对表示颜色的名词提问时，选用疑问词what colour。如果颜色做定语,what colour后要跟被修饰的名词。如：
 Her skirt is yellow.→ What colour is her skirt?
My father has a blue bike. →What colour bike does your father have?
5、 对不及物动词或动词短语提问时，选用疑问词what，并且动词要用do或doing来代替。如：
The teacher is playing basketball now. →What is the teacher doing now?
He often watches TV in the evening.→ What does he often do in the evening?
I like singing.→What do you like doing?
6、 对表示地点的短语提问时选用疑问词where，但如果这个短语是修饰它前面的名词，用which并且后面紧跟被修饰的名词。如：
He is under the tree.→ Where is he?
The girl on the bike is Jim’s sister. →Which girl is Jim’s sister?
7、 对表示年龄的名词提问时选用疑问词how old . 如 
Mr Zhang is sixty-five →How old is Mr Zhang ?        
8、对表示身体状况的名词提问时选用疑问词how . 如：
She is fine. →How is she?
9、对名词所有格、名词性（或形容词性）物主代词提问时选用疑问词whose，如果做定语，whose后面要跟被修饰的名词。如：
That is Li Lie’s shirt. →Whose shirt is that?
That shirt is Li Lei’s.→ Whose is that shirt?
10、 对表示具体时间的名词提问时选用疑问词what time，对表示不具体的时间状语提问时选用疑问词when . 如：
It’s five fifteen.→ What time is it?或 What’s the time?
He reads English every morning. →When does he read English?
11、 对可数名词的数量提问时用how many+可数名词的复数形式。如：
I’d like three cups of tea.→ How many cups of tea would you like?
There are only one boat in the rive r.→ How many boats are there in the river?
12、 对不可数名词的数量提问时，用how much+不可数名词形式。如：
He wants to buy three bottles of orange.→ How much orange does he want to buy?
13、 给价钱提问用how much . 如：
The book is eight yuan. →How much is the book?
14、 询问“某人（物）……怎么啦？”“……出了什么毛病”时用句型：What’s wrong with…？  What’s the matter with… ? 如：
My bike is broken. →What’s wrong with your bike?
15、 对表示星期的名词提问时选用疑问词what day . 如：
It’s Monday today. →What day it is today?
16、 对表示日期的名词提问时选用疑问词what…the date…？如：
It’s July 9th today.→ What’s the date today?
17、 对于某事所采用的方式提问时选用疑问词how .  如：
He goes to school on foot.→ How does he go to school?
We went to Beijing by train.→ How did you go to Beijing?
18、 对表示一段时间的状语提问时选用疑问词how long .  如：
We have studied English for two years. →How long have you studied English?
He has been a worker since he left school. →How long has he been a worker?
19、 对表示动作发生的频率提问时选用疑问词how often . 如：
Li Pin often goes to see his grandma twice a mouth.→ How often does Li Pin often go to see his grandma?
20、对一般将来时态的句子中表示一段时间的状语提问时疑问词选用how soon . 如：
He will come back in an hour .→How soon will he come back?
21、对表示原因的状语提问时选用疑问词why. 如：
He didn’t come to school yesterday because he was ill.→Why didn’t he come to school yesterday?
22、对长度、高度、距离、重量等提问时分别选用疑问词how long, how high/how tall, how far, how heavy.如：
The river is 5000kilometres long.→ How long is the river?
The tree is 4metres high.→ How high is the tree?
The man is 1.8metres tall.→ How tall is the man ?
Our school is two kilometers away from my home.→ 
How far is from your school to your home?
The bag is 10 kilos heavy.→How heavy is the bag?
23、对人口提问时常选用What’s the population of ---?句型。
The population of China is about 1.2 billion.→
What’s the population of China?
以上就是我对划线部分提问一题的做法和总结，只要大家把以上问题弄明白了，那么对画线部分提问一题也就再不会成为大家的难题。

对划线部分提问，肯定是 特殊疑问句，并且在问句中肯定没有划线部分的那几个词。
特殊疑问句的构成：特殊疑问词（组）+ 一般疑问句。

一般疑问句的变法：
1. 有be动词（am， is，are，was，were），be动词提前
2. 有情态动词（如：can may must could would will 等等），情态动词提前
3. 没有be动词，没有情态动词，就在句首 加 Do/Does , 其后动词改为原形。

关于特殊疑问词组的问题：举例
针对人提问 （谁） who
地点（何地） where
时间（何时） when what time
方式方法程序（怎样） how
年龄 how old
频率 how often
时间长短 how long
多久后的将来 how soon
可数名词问多少 How many
不可数名词问多少，多少钱 How much
东西职业事物(什么) what
颜色 what color
班级 what class
年级 what grade
时间 what time
选择某个 which
which way
which class
which color
which grade

最后举例：
Mary goes to the park this morning.
针对Mary 提问，用 who把Mary代替了， 刚好在句首，这样就不需要后面的步骤了，就直接为 Who goes to the park this morning. 没有划线的部分照抄就是了。
针对 goes to the park 提问， 这是一件事情，针对事情提问用 what ，把what替代 goes to the park， 这是在句中的不行，非得把 what提到 句首，然后用一般疑问句的方法改造剩下的部分，没有be动词，没有情态动词，就是加does（三人称单数形式），what does Mary do this morning.
画线的如果是the park ，针对地点提问用where ，就为：Where does Mary go this morning?
如果画线的是this morning， 针对时间提问用when则为： When does Mary go to the park.