雅思小作文1概述省名师优质课赛课获奖课件市赛课一等奖课件.ppt

单击此处编辑母版标题样式,单击此处编辑母版文本样式,第二级,第三级,第四级,第五级,本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢。本资料仅供参考，不能作为科学依据。谢谢,小作文部分总体安排,1,）小作文概述,2,）折线图,3,）饼状图,4,）柱状图,5,）表格,6,）流程图,7,）地图,8,）复合图表,9,）阶段测试,第1页,类型,Line graph,Pie chart,Bar chart 70%,Table,Flow graph/process diagram 20%,Others 10%,第2页,内容,Have a first-trial,Introduction,考试要求与评分标准,常见题型,小作文结构,小作文语言,修改和润色,第3页,Requirements,Describe the data,Use formal language,150 words,20 minutes,第4页,Assessment Criteria,Task fulfillment(,完成要求情况,),Coherence and cohesion(,统一性和连贯性,),Vocabulary and sentence structure(,词汇和句型,),第5页,雅思图表题,3,个要求,第一,客观性,不能有想象成份，总结归纳要符合逻辑。,第二,准确性,数据要求准确（,不抄错,），能够合理目测（,大约数值,）。,第三,详尽性,4,类特征数据一定介绍：,最大值,（,maximum,），,最小值,（,minimum,），,交叉点,（,intersection,），,改变趋势,（,trend,）。,第6页,Layout of A Report,第7页,写作方法,单图：,第8页,混合图：,第9页,Line graph:,Line graphs compare two variables.Each variable is plotted along an,axis,.A line graph has a vertical axis and a horizontal axis.,曲线图,Familiarize yourself with various forms of data,第10页,Writing task 1,第11页,Pie chart/graph:,A circular graph having radii dividing the circle into sectors proportional in angle and area to the relative size of the quantities represented.,Also called:circle graph,.,饼形图,第12页,Bar chart/graph:,A graph consisting of parallel,usually vertical bars or rectangles with lengths proportional to the frequency with which specified quantities occur in a set of data.,柱状图,第13页,Table:,An orderly arrangement of data,especially one in which the data are arranged in columns and rows in an essentially rectangular form.,表格,第14页,Flow chart:,A schematic representation of a sequence of operations,as in a manufacturing process or computer program.,Also called:flow diagram,flow sheet,.,流程图,第15页,map,第16页,图表题,3,种段落,第一,开头段,第二 主体段,第三,结尾段,第17页,Structure,Introduction,1-2 sentences,rewrite the question,Body1,1+X sentences,第一句总体概括，,X,句详细介绍数字,Body2,1+X sentences,第一句总体概括，,X,句详细介绍数字,Conclusion,1-2 sentences,第一句介绍总数（可不写）；第二句做总结。,第18页,开头段,写作,W,Skills,RITING,第一节,第19页,开头段：,1-2,句，转述原题,转述原题,3,法：,添加单词,删除单词,替换单词,（注意：改动不需过多，,3-4,处，即可）,原题一句变两句，两句变一句。,全部改写，要确保语法、句型正确性。,开头段时态：,永远普通现在时,第20页,Writing the introduction,Type of chart,Appropriate Verb,Description,The,illustration,graph,pie chart,bar chart,table,shows,illustrates,presents,compares,represents,the number of,the proportion of,information on,data on,the percentage of,第21页,开头段：,1-2,句，转述原题,练习,1,You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.,The following graphs indicate the proportion of the effect of treatment in two types of cancer in women.,You should write at least 150 words.,第22页,Key to,练习,1,【,原文,】,The,following,graphs,indicate,the,proportion,of the,effect,of treatment in two,types,of cancer in,women,.,【,改写,】,The,two,line,graphs(,given),illustrate,/,show,/,demonstrate,/,outline,/,describe,the,percentage,of the,influence,of treatment in two,kinds,/,categories,of cancer in,females.,第23页,开头段：,1-2,句，转述原题,练习,2,You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.,The charts below show the results of a survey of adult education.The first chart shows the reasons why adults decide to study.The pie chart shows how people think the costs of adult education should be shared.,You should write at least 150 words.,第24页,开头段：,1-2,句，转述原题,练习,3,You should spend about 20 minutes on this task.,The table shows the results of a survey in which asked undergraduate and postgraduate students of a UK university whether they were satisfied with the facilities at the university.,You should write at least 150 words.,第25页,Key to,练习,3,【,原文,】,The,table,shows,the results of a survey in which asked undergraduate and postgraduate students of a UK university whether they were satisfied with the facilities at the university,.,【,改写,】,The,diagram,gives a breakdown,（明细表）,about different attitudes,among,undergraduate and postgraduate students,towards,equipment,of a UK,college,in,the year,.,第26页,改写,Britain,the UK,America,the US(A),the states,during the period between 1981 and,from 1981 to,during the last 19 years/two decades of the 20,th,century,at the turn of the 21,st,century,第27页,Rewrite words,show=describe/illustrate/demonstrate/,summaries/outline/indicate,proportion=percentage,categories=kinds,types,families=households,families living in poverty=poor families,men and women=males and females,population=people,three different countries,后面加上短横线再加上三个国名：,Japan,，,Sweden and the USA,第28页,The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.,Family type,Proportion of people from each household type living in poverty,Single aged person,6%,Aged couple,4%,Single,no children,19%,Couple,no children,7%,Sole parent,21%,Couple with children,12%,All household,11%,第29页,The table below shows the proportion of different categories of families living in poverty in Australia in 1999.,改后：,The,chart describes,the,percentage,of,diverse,types,of,poor families,in Australia in 1999.,第30页,The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualifications in America and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.,第31页,The chart below shows the different levels of post-school qualifications in America and the proportion of men and women who held them in 1999.,改后：,The,bar chart illustrates,the,diverse,levels of post-school,certificates,in,the US,and the,percentage,of,males and females holding,them,in 1999.,第32页,亮点句型,According to/As(is)shown in/As can be seen from the table,chart,diagram,graph,figures,It can be seen/observed from/we can see from,It is clear/apparent from the table/chart/diagram/graph/figures(that).,第33页,Trends,There was an overall increase in earnings across the board.,2.Over the thirty-year period,there was a big increase in earnings amongst people with high school certificates(85).,第34页,3.There was a gradual increase in earning amongst people with a university degree.,4.The increase in earnings for the whole period was less for people with a Bachelors degree(60)than for people with a Masters or Doctoral degree(70).,第35页,Significant difference,Example:,Between 1965 and 1985,there was a,significant difference,in the earnings between high school leavers and university graduates.,第36页,Level out(,使变得水平；持平,),Example:,In 1985,earnings,leveled out,amongst people with a Masters degree and with a Doctoral degree.,Remain steady,Example:,Earnings amongst university graduates,remained fairly steady,after 1985.,第37页,Slightly more/less,Example:,Earning for people with a Bachelors degree was,slightly less,than people with a Masters or Doctoral degree.,Gradual increase/decline,Example:,There was a,gradual increase,in earning amongst people with a university degree.,第38页,Steady increase/decrease,Example:,There was a,steady increase,in earnings for people who held a Doctoral degree between the years 1965 and 1995.,Significant increase/decrease,Example:,There was a,significant increase,in earnings amongst people with a Bachelors degree between 1965 and 1975.,第39页,Diminish(decrease),Example:,The difference in earnings between high school leavers and university graduates,diminished,after 1995.,Rise/Drop sharply,Example:,Earnings in general,rose sharply,between 1965 and 1995.,Relatively,Example:,Earnings between people with different levels of education is,relatively,small.,第40页,Body,1+X,句型,第一句概括本段总体趋势或者概由几个部分组成,X,表示介绍数据（,2,个关键点）,尽可能按照次序,取舍数字标准,注意时态,第41页,主体段：,1+X,句，第一句总体概括，,X,句详细介绍数字。,第一句作用：,总括改变趋势,(,有时间改变图，如,line graph,和,bar chart,升降、波动等）；,或,包含哪几个数据（没时间改变图，如,pie chart,和,table,组成部分）。,X,句数据介绍,3,关键点：,按照次序介绍数据,4,类关键信息：,最大,-,最小,-,改变,-,交叉,（主要是线图）,还有：,起点,-,拐点,-,终点,信息也值得注意,可作取舍，无须面面俱到，视时间而定,注意：,主体段时态,由题目标时间决定。,第42页,Writing the main body,1.Selecting important information,2.Grouping information,3.Comparing and contrasting data,Note:,1)Word selection and variation,2)Time description,3)Coherence and cohesion,4)Fixed/standard expressions,第43页,Include as much information as possible.,Do Not include irrelevant information.,Writing the main body,第44页,主体段模版,:,According to the first bar,(,由图可见,),.To be more specifically,(,详细说来,),.,At first,.Then,.After that,.From this point onwards,.Finally,.,As shown in the,As can be seen from the,It is manifest from the that,To be more specific,=More specifically,To be more exact,=More exactly,To be more precise,=More precisely,第45页,表示时间推移短语（熟记）,At first,(=,initially,),Then,After that,From this point onwards,Finally(=,eventually,),第46页,表示趋势短语,-,动词（熟记）,数字趋势动词,1.,上升趋势,:rise,go up,2.,下降趋势,:fall,sink,drop,dip,reduce,go down,3.,保持不变,:remain steady,show no/little change,4.,波动,:fluctuate,趋势动词替换,1.,上升趋势,:increase,grow,climb,ascend(jump,surge,soar,shoot up),2.,下降趋势,:decline,decrease,descend(plunge,slump),3.,保持不变,:level off/out at,hover at,stabilize at,reach a plateau at,第47页,表示趋势短语,-,形容词（熟记）：,1.,速度快,:sharp,rapid,dramatic,drastic,2.,速度慢,:gradual,slow,steady,gentle,3.,幅度大,:significant,substantial,marked,4.,幅度小,:slight,modest,moderate,注意,:,以上加,ly,均为副词。,表示分别副词是,respectively,。,第48页,表示趋势短语,-,其它（熟记）：,1.,最高点,:,peak at,reach the highest point at,2.,最低点,:,bottom out at,reach the bottom at,the lowest point at,3.,到达多少（量）,:,reach,arrive at,amount to,hit,stand at,4.,占多少（百分比）,:,account for,make up,occupy,represent,constitute,5.,预测（会有）多少,:,predict,expect,forecast,句型为：,A is predicted/expected/forecasted to reach,第49页,W,Skills,riting,1-,表示经历了某种改变,see/witness/experience,2-,表示由,组成,be made up of/be composed/comprised of,consist of/comprise,（主动态）,3-,对比和类比,Similarly,/Likewise,Unlike,In comparison,In/By contrast,4-,大约多少,about/around/roughly/approximately,just over/just under,第50页,上升,go up(went up),rise(rose),grow(grew),increase(increased),ascend(ascended),an upward trend,第51页,急剧上升,jump(jumped),rocket(rocketed),shoot up(shot up),soar(soared),surge(surged),an upward trend,第52页,下降,go down(went down),fall(fell),decline(declined),decrease(decreased),descend(descended),a downward trend,第53页,急剧下降,plummet,plunge,波动,fluctuate,fluctuation,fluctuate between and,Ups and downs,第54页,稳定在一个水平上,level off at,level out at,stabilize at,remain stable at,hover at,reach a plateau at,第55页,抵达最高点,peak,at,reach the peak at,reach the highest point at,抵达最低点,reach the bottom at,bottom out at,the lowest point at,第56页,到达（多少许）,reach,arrive at,stand at,amount to,第57页,占（多少）,account for,make up,occupy,represent,constitute,第58页,由,组成,be made up of,be composed of,consist of,comprise,be comprised of,第59页,速度快,sharp(sharply),dramatic(dramatically),drastic(drastically),rapid(rapidly),steep(steeply),第60页,速度慢,steady(steadily),slow(slowly),gradual(gradually),第61页,幅度大,marked,substantial,significant,幅度小,slight,moderate,marginal,第62页,大约,about,around,approximately,roughly,just above,just under,第63页,分别,respectively,学会活用,account for+,数字,/,百分数,level off at+,数字,第64页,类比,similarly,likewise,对比,Unlike,In comparison,By/In contrast,A while/whereas B,第65页,引用数据,方法,W,Skills,RITING,第 四,第66页,你知道吗？,W,Skills,riting,图表主体段写作，第一句话是主题句，支持句介绍数据时要详尽。,请看例句：,第67页,图表,引用数据,方法：,1.,The number picked up,in June,rocketing,by almost,500%,.,2.,There was a marked improvement,in July,with the number of visitors surging,400%,.,3.,The period,between May and September,saw a steady growth in the number of visitors,from 70,000 to 140,000,.,4.,The gradual rise in visitor numbers,from 30,000 to,approximately,45,000,in the first four months,was followed by a sharper increase,in May,.,第68页,图表,引用数据,句型：,1.,The number,picked up,in June,rocketing,by almost 500%.,2.,There was,a marked improvement,in July,with the number of,visitors,surging,400%.,3.,The period,between May and September,saw a steady growth,in the number of,visitors from 70,000 to 140,000.,4.,The gradual rise,in visitor numbers,from 30,000 to approximately 45,000 in the first four months,was followed by,a sharper increase,in May.,第69页,There was,a slight rise,in the number of,TV audiences,from,about 3%,at,6:00 am,to,about 7%,at,8 am.,表示,-1,：,从早上,6,点到早上,8,点看电视人数有个小小增加,由,3%,到,7%,。,第70页,统计数据,句型,The percentage declined substantially until 8:00 am,bottoming out at about 45%.,表示,-2,：,百分率一直大幅下滑，到早上,8,点最低降到约,45%,。,第71页,The next two hours witnessed a dramatic rise in the number again,with the number reaching 280 at midday.,表示,-3,：,接下来两个小时，数字又巨幅攀升，中午时分最高到达,280,。,第72页,However,for the rest of the day,the percentage of radio was much lower than that of TV.,表示,-4,：,然而在一天里其它时间，听收音机百分比要比看电视百分比低很多。,第73页,Table 1,Country,GDP per capita(USD),Adult illiteracy rate,Newspaper sales per 1,000 people,the Bahamas,13,000,4.4,99,Argentina,9,100,3.6,123,Brazil,4,900,16.8,40,Mexico,4,300,10.5,97,Surinam,3,700,7.0,122,Jamaica,2,600,15.2,63,Cuba,2,100,4.4,118,第74页,Sample Answer 1,It can be seen from the table that the Bahamas and Argentina had GDP of$13,000 and$9,100 per capita respectively and the adult illiteracy rates were 4.4 and 3.6 in the two countries.Brazil and Mexico had GDP of$4,900 and$4,300 per capita,and their adult illiteracy rates were 16.8 and 10.5.Surinam,Jamaica and Cuba had$3,700,$2,600,and$2,100 respectively,with the adult illiteracy rate at 7.0,15.2,and 4.4.,The table shows that another indicator,Newspaper Sales per 1,000 people had a huge number more than 100 of Argentina Surinam and Cuba.This was followed by the Bahamas 99,Mexico 97,Jamaica 63,and Brazil 40.,第75页,Sample Answer 2,We can see that GDP per capita varies substantially from 2,100 USD in Cuba to 13,000 USD in the Bahamas,with 5 of the 7 countries below 5,000 USD.,The illiteracy rates also differ considerately.The highest illiteracy rates are for Brazil(16.8%)and Jamaica(15.2%),whilst Argentina has the lowest rate,at 3.6%.Mexico(at 10.5%)and Surinam(7%)lie in the middle.Surprisingly,the adult illiteracy rate for Cuba and the Bahamas is the same,at 4.4%.,Newspaper sales per 1,000 people are also diverse,第76页,Conclusion,（,optional,）,结论只要是依据图数据得出合理规律就能够，并不是只有一个固定答案。,第一句写总数，第二句写结论。,结尾句结论时态也是由题目标时间决定。,第77页,Writing the conclusion,In summary,To sum up,In conclusion,To conclude,in short,in brief,in conclusion,in sum,in summary,in closing,to conclude,to sum up,finally,overall,all in all,第78页,总结关键点式,In conclusion,it can be seen that from the social and economic indicators,the developing countries have to develop a lot more before reaching the same level of quality of life in the developed countries.,第79页,总结关键点,In summary,we can see that the area devoted to grain production was affected by both government policy and market forces.,In conclusion,the two charts clearly show that women do not have the same access as men to certain types of employment.,第80页,如出现,两图,普通以图之间,比较,得出结论。,From the,two,charts,it is clear that electricity,is in higher demand,in winter,in England.,或如,两个柱状图结尾，,分别总结,：,图一：,30,年间美国结婚率比离婚率高；,图二：,1970,和,年结婚人数百分比最大。,(Key-P238),注意：,结尾段时态由题目标时间决定。,结论摸版：,Therefore,it can be clearly seen from the(table)that,第81页,1-,开头段：,改写,writing task-1,。,2-,结尾段：,分析两幅图，写一个合理结论。,W,Skills,RITING,第82页,参考答案：,【,开头段,】,The pie chart shows,that there are four,main,causes,of,farmland becoming degraded,in the world today,.These causes affected,different,regions,differently,in,the 1990s.,【,结尾段,】,Overall,it is clear that,Europe suffered more from farmland degradation than the other regions,(,结论,1,：,欧洲农田退化最严重,）,and the main causes were deforestation and over-cultivat