名词专练学生用.doc

名词专练（学生用） --何国贵
2011高考试题
1. (2011江苏卷-27)
Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional competence.
A. consequence B. independence C. competence D. intelligence
[译文]
[解词]

[造句] consequence independence competence intelligence
(1) The boy showed great __________.
The information is reported from military _____________.
(2) Having a job gives me financial __________.
(3) He broke the law, so he must face the __________ of his action.
(4) She has reached the ______________ as a teacher.
He won a ______________ by wise investment.

2. (2011湖北卷-21)
“Tommy, run! Be quick! The house is on fire!” the mother shouted, with _______ clearly in her voice.
A. anger B. rudeness C. regret D. panic
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] anger rudeness regret panic
(1) I failed to help her and felt a sudden pang of _______.
(2) In spite of his __________, I still talked to him with patience.
(3) People there are in a state of ________ following the attacks.
(4) His father shouted in ________ when he failed in the exam.

3. (2011湖北卷-22)
Giving up my job to go back to full-time education was a big ______, but now I know it was the best decision I ever made.
A. project B. commitment C. competition D. ambition
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] ambition project commitment competition
(1) They will complete the _________ to widen the street.
(2) All the animals are facing the _____________ in the survival of the fittest.
(3) He made a _____________ to the staff of the company.
(4) She fulfilled her _________ to win the game.

4. (2011浙江卷-18)
Anyway, I can’t cheat him --- it’s against all my _________.
A. emotions B. principles C. regulations D. opinions
[译文]
[词解]
[造句] emotion principle opinion regulation
(1) His speech produced strong _________.
(2) You should stick to your ____________ with your work.
(3) I am of the _________that smoking in public should be fined hard.
(4) All the drivers should obey the traffic __________.

5. (2011山东卷-34)
There’s a __________ in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday, they bring in a cake for us all to share.
A. tradition B. balance C. concern D. relationship
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] tradition balance concern relationship
(1) They established a good working _____________.
(2) They showed _________ for the homeless in the disaster.
(3) His failure to lose the game threw him off his _________.
(4) It is a Chinese _________ to eat dumplings in the Spring Festival.

6. (2011福建卷-26)
The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major _______ of global climate change.
A. result B. cause C. warning D. reflection
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] result cause warming reflection
(1) You’d better make out the ________ and effect.
(2) He would not listen to my _________ against smoking.
(3) He published his __________ on the years of our work.
(4) Good marks are a ________ of hard work.

7. (2011江西卷-31)
What’s the ______ , in your opinion, of helping him if he doesn’t make an effort to help himself?
A. sympathy B. theme C. object D. point
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] theme object point sympathy
(1) What’s the _______ of going on?
(2) Her main ________ was to be promoted.
(3) The ________ of his speech is “How to create a low-carbon life”.

(4) I had some ___________ for what she said.
I was in ________ with his opinion.

8. (2010天津卷-3)
James took magazines off the little table to make ______ for the television.
A. room B. area C. field D. position
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] area field position room
(1) Is there enough ________for me in the car?
(2) The _______ of the town is about 20 square kilometers.
(3) That is a large area of oil _______.
(4) The hotel is in a central ________ near the Square.

9. (2010江苏卷-22)
The doctor is skilled at treating heart trouble and never accepts any gift from the patients, so he has a very good____________ .
A. expectation B. reputation C. contribution D. civilization
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] reputation civilization expectation contribution
(1) My son met his ___________ to go to college.
(2)The doctor has a ____________ for his excellent medical skills.
(3) He made a notable ____________ to public safety.
(4) I love China with an ancient ___________.

10. （2010浙江卷-16）
The advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct ________.
A. solution B. target C. measure D. function
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] function target solution measure
(1) Both sides are trying to find a peaceful _______.
(2) Their ________ is to reach agreement on the issue.
(3) We must take the right ___________ or we shall fail
(4) Only to stimulate all the students can we fulfil a useful ________.

11. （2010湖北卷-21）
This restaurant has become popular for its wide _______ of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.
A. division B. area C. range D. circle
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] area division circle range
(1) He’s at the engineer ________ of a university.
(2) There are many developments in the ______ of language teaching.
(3) The product was within _________ of its influence.
(4) He is not part of the business _________.

12. (2010湖北卷-22)
After the earthquake, the first thing the local government was to provide ________ for the homeless families.
A. accommodation B. occupation C. equipment D. furniture
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] occupation equipment accommodation furniture
(1) You’d better find a suitable and cheap ______________ first.
(2) The newly built houses are ready for ___________.
(3) He got his ____________ and rushed to the worksite.
(4) With all the old __________ in the small room, there was no room to turn around it.

13. （2010江西卷-35）
Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200000, a(n) ________ of 40000 per year.
A. average B. number C. amount D. quantity
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] in number on average in amount in quality
(1) The harvest this year is better _____________.
(2) We were twenty __________.
(3) Your information is large ___________ but poor ___________.

14. (2010山东-33)
Those who suffer from headache will find they get_______ from this medicine.
A. relief B. safety C. defense D. shelter
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] relief defense shelter safety
(1) I’m worried about the __________of the medicine.
(2) Attack is the best ________.
(3) They took _________ from the storm in a hut.

15. (2009湖北卷-25)
Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for _______ building.
A. respect B. friendship C. reputation D. character
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] earn / earn/ establish/win the respect of ; a close friendship ; reputation
(1) He made great contribution to the oil industry and ______ the respect of his colleagues.
(2) We have established a _____________ with that country.
(3) His successful conduction won him a ____________ as a tough manager.

16. (2009浙江卷-6)
The system has been designed to give students quick and easy ______ to the digital resources of the library.
A. access B. passage C. way D. approach

[译文]
[解词]
[造句] passage way approach access
(1) The only ________ to the square is across the streets.
(2) They often walked through a _________ of wood.
(3) This is the __________to the village.
(4) I asked the _______ to the post office.

17. (2009天津卷-1)
I’m trying to break the ______ of getting up too late.
A. tradition B. convenience C. habit D. leisure
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] convenience tradition leisure
(1) It’s a Chinese _________ to eat dumplings in the Spring Festival.
(2) The lift is for the _____________ of the old people.
(3) You can come and see him. He is at ________ now.

18. （2008天津卷11）
Most air pollution is caused by the burning of _______ like coal, gas and oil.
A. fuel B. articles C. goods D. products
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] fuel goods product article
(1) My daughter took a few ________ of clothing with her for the trip.
(2) There will be tax increases on a wide range of ______ and services.
(3) There is a market selling farm ________ nearby.

19. (2008湖北卷-21)
The young man made a _____ to his parents that he would try to earn his own living after graduation.

A. prediction B. promise C. plan D. contribution
[译文]

[解词]

[造句] promise plan prediction contribution

(1) Some experts have made _________ about possible price increases.
(2) They are making _______ for the holiday.
(3) People of the whole country are determined to make ____________ to the people in the disaster area of earthquake.

20.(2008湖北-22)
The top leaders of the two countries are holding talks in a friendly _______.
A. atmosphere B. state C. situation D. phenomenon
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] state atmosphere situation phenomenon
(1) Magnetic attraction is an interesting _____________.
(2) The area was on a ________ of alert then.
(3) The people in snow-hit were in a difficult __________.
(4) The warm ______________ in the garden made her comfort.

21.（2008山东卷-34）
I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real _______.
A. exchange B. bargain C. trade D. business
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] trade business exchange bargain

(1) The store’s policy is not to allow returns and _____________.
(2) I’m willing to make a ________ with you.
(3)They do ___________ with a number of Italian companies.
(4) They made a ___________ that he would do the job for fifty dollars.

22. （2008浙江卷-15）
Dogs have a very good _____ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an earthquake.
A. sense B. view C. means D. idea
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] means idea sense view
(1) He wants a house with a fine ________.
(2) He lives within his ________.
(3) He has an _______ that we will win.
(4) The teacher has a strong ________ of duty.

23. (2007湖北卷-23)
Despite such a big difference in ______ towards what one eats, there is no doubt that people in the west regard the Chinese food as something special．
A. point B. idea C. attitude D. sight
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] attitude point sight idea
(1) Despite such a big difference the _________ on the proposal what they have put forward, there is no doubt that we regard it as a good idea.
(2) Despite such a big difference in _________ towards what they said, there is no doubt that we must maintain our firm idea.
(3) In his _________ his father is a hero.
(4) I’ve been toying with the _______ of going back to school.

24.（2007上海卷-43）
My morning _______ includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast.
A. drill B. action C. regulation D. routine
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] action drill routine regulation
(1) New traffic _____________ carried out includes both the urban and rural areas.

(2) First of all _______ in the English vowel sounds are their correct pronunciation.

(3) She was looking forward to putting her ideas into ________.

(4) They do their business according to __________.

25. (2007安徽卷-)
The practice of hanging clothes across the street is a common ____ in many parts of the city.
A. look B. sign C. sight D. appearance
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] look sign appearance sight
(1) Come and see the newly house _________ of this village.
(2) The village has been given a new ______.
(3) He has a slightly foreign __________.
(4) Dark clouds are ________ of rain.

26. （2007天津卷-12）
One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune but would help cover my living ________.
A. bills B. expenses C. prices D. charges
[译文]
[解词
[造句] charge price bill expense
(1) Only one thousand dollars given, the other _________ cost at your own _________.

(2) One thousand dollars is not enough to pay the electricity and water _______.

(3) This style of the bicycle will be sold at one thousand dollar ________.

27. （2007浙江卷-12）
Of the seven days in a week, Saturday is said to be the most popular______ for a wedding in some countries.
A. way B. situation C. event D. choice
[译文]
[解词]

[造句] choice event situation way
(1) Of the seven ___________, which is the best _______to accomplish our task?

(2) Of the seven choices, which finds myself in an embarrassing _________?

(3) Of the seven choices, which ________ have you entered for?

28. (2007山东卷-27)
I can’t say which wine is best – it’s a(n) _____ of personal taste.
A. affair B. event C. matter D. variety
[译文]
[解词
[造句] variety event affair matter
(1) I can’t say who will be promoted to the top rank—it’s a _______ of the committee meeting.

(2) I can’t say who spread the gossip--it is not my ________.

(3) I can’t say who will become chairman – it’s quite an _______ of the election.

(4) I can’t say what they demand in their diet – they come from a __________ of different background.

29. (2007辽宁卷-25)

Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a _____ of exercise.
A. limit B. lack C. need D. demand
[解析] closely connected, bad eating 与lack of exercise是两个并列的逻辑关系。
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] limit lack need demand
(1) Health problems are linked to poor diet and a relative ______of exercise.

(2)  Health problems are closely connected with all its ________ for what our body is satisfied.
(3) Health problems are closely connected with a great _________ for nutrition.

(4) Health problems are closely connected with ________ diet of variety and less exercise.

30. (2006广东-34）
You have been sitting on my hat and now it is badly out of ______.
A. date B. shape C. order D. balance
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] out of balance out of order out of date
(1) I have been storing a large variety of books and now some of them are _______________.

(2) You have been smoking in the public transport, and such behavior is ruled to be ___________.

(3) I had sat on the other end of bench and my body was badly _____________, fell to the ground.

(4) He is used to getting his ideas into ___________.

31. (2006天津-15)
Finding information in today’s world is easy. The _____is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.
A. ability B. competition C. challenge D. knowledge
[译文]
[解词]
[造句] knowledge competition challeng