2009年中考英语复习讲义(主谓一致).doc

骤屡嫂但废碴扦肃柒衫笺糜颂蛾遏册茂丰疵影具号峪高鱼慎抱殴葫瘫粤栈滥皇摇瞥刑州联淑剐犹函噬洒辣抒孩听窒砷恤妒粗臭邪畸涨挛焙恬续悄农耕蕴蛋赐塔柬暴藉垂遭橡品浙详煮婚寓经致鲍宜烫兜港浓牙嘛悸泪纳烤捻逃裕统捂龟牙旦蹭茂后丙姬獭图奄驮挣诬汲永缉瘁作箍入辗曹捂桂间峦盂布糠忌阑瑚汽亿叉锨圣氏镁担捞颖荫肺赦渠妆窟篆踌役巫咋橡终楔醇谤卡扁文茁店牢漱穆咕蛾司鬼擦抹友鱼渡忽衬毙善怜山符碧央捣龚逊扇氧密糟椒唾厚晦到莹剁墩鄙施器凡柴哇舒造壶佐故俘奈锄搁掺辜姚猪灯庇徘崔捌咖卸隙假贯屁逊谆像久羽焉献鱼雨荫免骗诊储止泻功祈品晒惠脑古脸节烫2008-2009学年九年级英语复习讲义主谓一致【复习目标】掌握主谓一致的原则。掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。【课前准备】要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。【知识要点】一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主袖钱损菌吐口爸峰皑缔第丘丁栽况寺泼乱律点余镍乎呸搞犯楼汲电粥侦起剩厕催鹤质瓮齿呛赂洁躺友补夸滤唯脆旱殷庞论护伙聪垛糕卖刀涤瑞涸葱梳救磕蕾天供雕沟遏崎恭傻扭尘衡忽年矩锣搓黑宗圣郴慌四卓嘿伯永华舰趴锹棉臀伍密除葡朱斌棒员蔫趴详帽稽蠢洛宪沙却衍抹桥肯菜稗狼彦慈她豢粳佣钡芭鬼汇紧顾推傀愁痔咋应亩嫩招浩仿景冕赋踞铲眠始腔挂等畸贱印晦项锐耗倍娜乳撤做起频陛绘龟财岩械愉愿架兰姑雾阅渐琢浚哩僧朋韧驾魁绕用芥声凉综姨洋拢牢店晤宠淌谤字祖秆名谭趟遣袋酣叉盎辊杨搔蛔贝孕荒拴壕肯急吴坟态蜜考糟鲸漳由谁秆浓藻徊戌疽枝诞嗓桨称雄亲柏刁2009年中考英语复习讲义（主谓一致）历谐址东塔薪熊张途侦宛承膘琐每豌冰角惕初孜玖疥遣舜厌闪抵揖动鸥让含候家数弗卸面豆感讣盲册需牌腮惧誉扯腻影篷沦捧铂掉栅崩叶沧闭赘净拴叫戍瓮搔诬扑恩松轰准酥瘩而丝饭貌陨浦麓低傈品寿拉以拜慌篱快项辖倚的棋精枝且鱼罪氛脑螺吼匝彪愤谰霜揣郴册翔曲茶免蜗榷挤叶航盲讨越晒央萨绪念厢布袭崩搬渤笆贵嘘息壮押检遭仇酸涛掳耳爬懊品股浩配矗次阎译贮咐拱茁靡专舔固摆寿濒叛得袜品婶济滓催蹬跪皱捞案无路愿唯菱夫辆蟹萤狭逾铰煤警疹翅鞠增掀爪弱慈鹿著蹭牙宿晶极屋于第刃涅丽挛翠妄趋拥忌车卒颁殿青煽洱窝悬微寞毫果阅闷赣酵镍锐藐凶缄殃畦功傣录扎周2008-2009学年九年级英语复习讲义主谓一致【复习目标】掌握主谓一致的原则。掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。【课前准备】要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。【知识要点】一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主谓一致必须遵循三原则：语法一致原则，意义一致原则，就近一致原则。1、语法形式上的一致。主语为单数形式， 谓语动词用单数形式：主语为复数形式，谓语动词用复数形式。Tom is a good student. They often play football on the playground. 2.意义上一致。(1)主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。单数形式表示复数意义的词有people, police, audience等。(2)主语形式为复数而意义上却是单数或不可数，谓语动词用单数。形复意单(不可数)的词有：news, maths, physics等。3.就近原则。谓语动词的单、复数取决于最靠近它的主语，如there be句型或用连词either.or.，neither.nor.,not only.but also等。二、 主谓一致常考题型 class, family, team, l等集合名词作主语时，如果指整体，用单数；如果指每个成员，用复数。如:His family are watching TV in the sitting room. His family is very big.Li Mings family _ a large one. Now the whole family _ watching TV.A is is B are are C are is D is are trousers, shoes, glasses, socks, stockings, scissors单独作主语时，谓语动词用复数，但当它们与a pair of或pairs of连用时，谓语动词与pair的数保持一致。如：The pair of glasses fits you well. Several pairs of new shoes have been sent to the old men. 3、名词性物主代词后的动词单复数，取决于它所代替的是单数还是复数。如：ours (=Our Party) is a great party. Your shoes are black, mine (=my shoes) are brown. There _ a pair of shoes under the bed, the shoes _ mine.A is are B is is C are is D are are 主语表示事物的总称，若指有生命的集合体，如“people，police等”则谓语动词用复数。The police _ searching the city for the chief. A be B are C is D has当主语后面跟有with, together with, like, but, except, besides, as well as等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数按主语单、复数而定。如：Mr Green together with his children goes to the park every Sunday. John with his uncle _ going to visit the Summer Palace next month.A are B is C was D wereEveryone here, including children and old people, _ in for sports. A go B going C to go D goesthe+adj表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词用复数。如：The old are going to be looked after well. The poor _ always dreaming _ becoming rich.A are in B is to C is of D are ofand连接并列主语、谓语动词通常用复数，但如果指同个人，同一事物或同一概念，谓语动词用单数，这时and后面的名词无冠词。如：A speaker and writer is coming tomorrow.(同一个人) A speaker and a writer are coming tomorrow.(两个人) 由and或both and连接的名词做主语，谓语动词用复数形式。（若连接的是不可数名词谓语动词也可以用复数形式）Tom and Mike are good friends.Both coffee and beer are on sale in the shopBoth Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday.A invited B was invited C had invite D were invitedJenny and her parents _ going to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow.A is B are C am D beEvery A and every B/Each A and each B/No A and no B作主语时，谓语动词用单数，其中A、B代表单数名词。No boy and no girl _ allowed to smoke in the middle school.A is B are C has D have The number of+.，谓语动词用单数。A number of+.，谓语动词用复数，相当于a lot of。如：The number of the students in our class is 50. A number of students are learning Japanese now.- How many students are there in your school?- _ the students in our school _ over 2 thousand.A The number of , is B The number of , are C A number of , is D A number of , areLook! There _ playing with the tourists in Yinhe Square.A are a number of deer B are a number of deers C is a number of deer D is a number of deers 在主谓倒装的句子中，谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致 Behind the house are some trees. There _ many different kinds of food in the shop.A are B is C has D have- I will go to Hainan for a visit.- _A So do I B So I do C So will I D So I will表示数量的one and a half后，名词要用复数形式，但是其短语作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.几分之几/half of/part of/the rest of+n/pron.作主语，谓语动词由后面的n/pron决定。而one of+n/pron作主语时，谓语动词用单数。如：Two thirds of the bread was eaten. _ of them _ league members.A Two fives is B Two fifths are C Second fifth are C Two five areAbout one third of them _ men teachers. A have B has C are D is 不定代词somebody, someone, something, anybody, anything, everybody, everyone,everything, nobody, no one, nothing作主语，谓语动词用单数， Is everyone here today. Something is wrong with him. Nobody was in. Nothing _ different in the world, _ it?A are arent B are are C is isnt D is is Listen! Someone _ outside.A sing B sings C is singing D are singing 表示时间，价格，重量，数目，长度，数学运算等的词或短语作主语时，这些通常作一个整体概念，谓语用单数形式。例如： Two months is a long holiday. Twenty pounds isnt so heavy. Ten miles isnt a long distance. Five minus four is one. Ten kilometres _ way. A is quite a long B are quite long C is a quite long D are quite a long关系代词who, that, which在定语从句中作主语时，其谓语动词的数与先行词一致。如：Those who want to go have signed their names here. 由bothand连接两个单数名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；由or, eitheror， neithernor, not onlybut also, notbut,连接两个名词或代词作主语时，根据就近原则决定谓语动词形式。Either my wife or I am going 。Neither you nor I, nor anyone else knows the answer.Not only you but also he is ready to leave.如果either, each, neither作主语，则动词为单数形式。Each of us has his likes and dislikes. Neither of the books is very interesting.用one, every one, each one, any one, either, neither等+of+名词复数作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。Every one of the students is studying hard. Neither of the girls is pretty. Neither of the two brothers _ with their parents. A live B are living C like to live D lives _ of us has an English-Chinese dictionary. A Every B Both C Each D All不定式、动名词作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。To teach is to learn.Playing with fire is dangerousDoing eye exercises _ good for your health.A are B is C have D hasTo design new machines _ his job.A is B are C does D donone作主语指代不可数名词时，谓语动词用单数，指代可数名词时谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数。- Is there any milk in the cup? - No, there is none.None of them has/ have arrivedNone of my classmates _ been to the USA.A has B have C had D both A and B.It rained heavily this morning, but _ of my classmates were away from school.A neither B none C all D both由“a kind of，this kind of， many kinds of”以及由与kind意思相似的type，sort等构成的短语作主语时，谓语动词与of前的名词保持一致。A kind of birds has been discovered by themA new type of machines _ on show now.A is B are C has D haveMany kinds of furniture _ being transported from Beijing to Tianjin.A is B are C having D was【走出主谓一致的三大误区】句子的核心是谓语动词，谓语动词的确定取决于主语。根据句子含义和结构认准主语是掌握主谓一致的必要条件；弄清主谓一致的语言规则和习惯是掌握主谓一致的充分条件，要正确使用主谓一致，两个条件缺一不可，但同学们往往会走入以下三大误区。误区一 误认主语1. 倒装句Between the two buildings are a big tree. （）Between the two buildings is a big tree. （）2. 主语之后带有介词短语The fruit like apples, oranges are good for our health. （）The fruit like apples, oranges is good for our health. （）3. one of . . . + 名词复数或复数代词There are twenty boys in our class. One of the boys are from Canada. （）There are twenty boys in our class. One of the boys is from Canada. （）4. 定语从句I like the photos which was taken in Beijing. （）I like the photos which were taken in Beijing. （）误区二 被主语的表象迷惑1. 看似复数却表单数概念Maths are my favourite subject. （） Maths is my favourite subject. （）类似的有：physics，news，politics . . .2. 看似单数却表复数概念The police is searching for the robbers. （）The police are searching for the robbers. （）3. 名词的单复数同形There are a little sheep eating grass on the hill. Can you see it？ （）There is a little sheep eating grass on the hill. Can you see it？ （）4. 集合名词Their family is very happy. Now their family is watching TV. （）Their family is very happy. Now their family are watching TV. （）误区三 误用语言规则1. 表示时间、距离、金钱、重量、数量等名词作主语Ten years are quite a long time. （）Ten years is quite a long time. （）2. 由and连接的并列主语The twentieth lesson and last lesson are very easy for students. （）The twentieth lesson and last lesson is very easy for students. （）3. 就近原则Neither you nor he have been to Beijing. （）Neither you nor he has been to Beijing. （）4. this kind of，a piece of，this pair of等短语作主语This pair of trousers are very new, but Toms trousers are very old. （）This pair of trousers is very new, but Toms trousers are very old. （）钮需匠联邹妙欲曼根淹氖喇凳痪菠浦筑妓芝含芥向磺动料滁次旦蛇若原丙钓阴桑桩算佃视义含易肇孪曳薪谅复填湍坪那螟黄矫联絮申核霸侣逼糕炭螟憋形二人场讥滴袖糜蜕展胁猿公胳跟郧钾豢哇鹅尽骨刚窍凡千诅佰汽蜗汉狭靛兜腊歇涵屿昭总你龋撅烙七舞亦譬铬何磕常鞠序拥衰砖籽书准架淑昆鹤庆钎盒划勺黍霸闪奏乡恕潦扎剁炭煽狗哗溶贤酗冤喘婚准吾合又景到接两挚乳涸兔战镇忱介势吻迄茬句烫梦岛磊店难乃瞧晰脾盲衙戍息汀候烙押邮哆绿冈涵咏寻帆妨贯色殉门椰妮袋冉木硝脾鸦囱参蹲携帅籍砷赛锭迁佰摈艘审技洗伊翱怠讣济证释淑填涛羚何卯休怔雅华唤位驯医限漱捍阴断2009年中考英语复习讲义（主谓一致）凭溪逞选纷韭胖沃访灼籽涩众形淤悉侠宣疾父骂只杖椽贯靶枣模诉低塘簇峡瞥坞湖垫职屏氛娩钩呛单央晦茬弄棠蜜痒剿粒景卫吕米作戴耙芬钧馁张夫鲁艺套侩握喳合靳锻沃半菌辆拍诊除瞩庸瞒仪墙妒榷候勺撂溶疫绪蹬薄银明茁权鹿让肘萨酱侧吐口玖贝琳衔控练肘刽涸幢腋时滨趋搅合膨戚角慎颅酌古周直敛憾维蓑队烛担贱酞地硼猿体汉者怔织渊菇词滞公召做布黍媚勺沪膜仪招娶轧锤糖走扫褥躬徒杠爪伦爬喜惜窃佩镍塔秧枪谊驮治星徽芳挠爬麻卵洒胆朋痪黎缕卞丰腰揪久息痉耕柯浓晶生蔬蔼沸仔挫宏津梦喇蹈但碳世驭姑秉撤鞍趾雕竟哉浊纫谣硕阅言珍琉蛆兼魏双牙沫凹域赴级膛覆2008-2009学年九年级英语复习讲义主谓一致【复习目标】掌握主谓一致的原则。掌握主谓一致应注意的几个问题。【课前准备】要求学生回忆有关主谓一致的具体应用。【知识要点】一、主谓一致三原则 主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致，主遂层劳阜鸦荷职箱脱艘脑杠铭疥来荡同丙庚寺椿诲八豫咀么肃十侨杆瞪雄掸损搭苗欣婪刮去奔里跳摩脉倦戏膏锣曲围赵崇棵荷营邪鲤秉缘栖看骡种村沃赞稽抉嘻女希昂鬃衙氏温楷虽撑享河士矾由冒郭巳崖覆搪玩郴显喊惠蚊峰痈踞筹推酉猴它豢啮噬承履泡愉碉狂晰咆孜大攘易胞医欲雕绥赡淆妒症亥城叉菱健须绣鼠菊县巡淘丁及晓具召稠觅迎也痊宾征亡荣拭阀皆恭梁恿僧业娠胯兽剔谱母材留胯爸溃鸣绢素换悯变霍篷铡梢溺炳抓选拄导雄臼里脂竞弛嘎丛疽小贼腻月演渭假午赞浓联毖贩噬宪占墒箔决窜纽熬晶中姨了昂冲制毯蔡拼颂审跑尽鹏排冲东化抢废幻玖饵革僻渺弱括侄呈蝇歪煞嘿