虚拟语气用法第二课时.doc

高中英语语法专题——虚拟语气(The Subjunctive Mood)
第二课时

分考点二：虚拟语气名词性从句中的运用

①虚拟语气在wish后的宾语从句中的用法
虚拟语气
从句谓语动词（以do为例）
与现在事实相反
did (be动词用were)
与过去事实相反
had done
与将来事实相反
would/could/might+ do

即时练习：
1. 我希望他们不要总是迟到。
_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 我真希望我已经告诉了他到超市的路线。
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 我希望明天你和我们一起去。
_______________________________________________________________________________
KEYS: 1. I wish they were not always late.
2. I wish I had told him the way to the supermarket.
3. I wish you would go with us tomorrow.

②虚拟语气在would rather (that)后接的宾语从句中的运用
虚拟语气
从句谓语动词（以do为例）
表现在要发生的动作
did (be动词用were)
与过去事实相反
had done
表将来要发生的动作
did (be动词用were)
即时练习：
1.我宁愿现在离开。_______________________________________________________________________________
2. 我希望你下个月来。_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 我宁愿他通过了那次考试。_______________________________________________________________________________
KEYS: 1. I would rather I left now.
2. I would rather you came next month.
3. I would rather he had passed the exam.

③虚拟语气在表示建议，命令，要求等的动词后的宾语从句及It is/was+过去分词+that...主语从句中的运用
从句谓语动词只能用should+do的形式，should可以省略,但不可以用其他情态动词替换
常见的此类动词：
一坚持
insist
二命令
order， command
三建议
suggest, advise, propose, (recommend)
四要求
ask, require, request, demand, (desire, urge)

特别补充：当suggest意为“表明，暗示”， insist意为“坚持认为，坚持说”时， 后接的宾语从句应当用陈述语气。例如：
His silence suggested that he agreed with my decision.他的沉默表明他同意我的决定。
He insisted that he hadn’t stolen the money.他坚持说他没有偷过钱。

下列两种主语从句中，从句谓语动词只能用should+do的形式，should可以省略,但不可以用其他情态动词替换
在It is /was necessary, important等形容词+that从句中，常见的这类形容词有:necessary, important, essential, vital, advisable, urgent, desirable, natural, strange等
It is necessary that you should attend the meeting. 你有必要参加会议。
It is imperative that you arrive there in time.
你必须按时到达那儿。

在It is a pity (a shame, no wonder)+that从句中
It is a pity that you fail the exam.
It is no wonder he be late for class.

④虚拟语气在表语从句，同位语从句中的运用
主语/先行词是表示建议，命令，要求的名词， 从句中的谓语动词用should +do形式，should可以省略，但不可以用其他情态动词替换。
常见的这类名词有：
advice建议
decision 决定
demand 要求
desire 渴望
idea 想法
motion 动机
order 命令
plan 计划
proposal 提议
request 要求
suggestion 建议
recommendation 提议

即时练习：
医生建议我戒烟。（用名词性从句翻译）
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
KEYS:
主语从句：It was suggested by the doctor that I (should) give up smoking.
宾语从句：The doctor suggested (that) I (should) give up smoking.
表语从句：The doctor’s suggestion was that I (should) give up smoking.
同位语从句：The suggestion that I (should) give up smoking was given by the doctor.

分考点二：虚拟语气名词性从句中的运用
综合练习题：
1.I insist that a doctor ＿＿＿ immediately.
A. has been sent for B. sends for C. will be sent for D. be sent for
2.The manager of the hotel requests(要求) that their guests(客人们) ＿＿＿ after 11:00 p.m..
A. not to play loud music B. shouldn’t play loud music C. don’t play loud music D. couldn’t play loud music
3.Mike’s uncle insists ＿＿＿ in this hotel.
A. staying not B. not to stay C. that he would not stay D. that he not stay
4.It was essential(重要的) that the application forms(申请表) ＿＿＿ back before the headline(截止日期).
A. must be sent B. would be sent C. be sent D. were sent
5.It is necessary ＿＿＿ the dictionary immediately.
A. that he will return B. that he returned C. that he return D. that he has to return
6.It is proposed(建议) that the matter(事情，事件) ＿＿＿ discussed at the next meeting.
A. will be B. was C. would be D. be
7.It is politely requested by the hotel manager that radios ＿＿＿ after 11 o’clock at night.
A. were not played B. not be played C. not to play D. did not play
8.We are all for your proposal that the discussion ＿＿＿.
A. be put off B. was put off C. should put off D. is to put off
9.I don’t think it advisable(明智的，可取的，适当的) that Tom ＿＿＿ to the job since he has no experience.
A. is assigned B. will be assigned C. be assigned D. has been assigned
10.It is essential(必要的，重要的) that the books you borrowed from the library ＿＿＿ back before the deadline(截止日期).
A. be sent B. would be sent C. were sent D. must be sent
11.He insisted that his father ＿＿＿ with them.
A. go B. will go C. will be going D. went
12.The workers demanded() that their wages() ＿＿＿ by 20 percent.
A. raised B. raise C. should have been raised D. be raised
13.At the meeting everybody was against his suggestion that a new bridge ＿＿＿ over the river.
A. be built B. must be built C. was to be built D. had to be built

KEYS: DBDCC DBACA ADA

分考点三：虚拟语气的其他用法

①虚拟语气用于if only引导的条件句或感叹句中，或as if/as though 引导的表语从句或方式状语从句中
虚拟语气
从句谓语动词（以do为例）
与现在事实相反
did (be 动词用were)
与过去的事实相反
had done
与将来的事实相反
Would/could/might +do

即时练习：
1. 要是我有一天能到月球上该多好啊！
_______________________________________________________________________________2. 要是我早点知道这个消息该多好啊！
_______________________________________________________________________________
3. 他看起来好像一个艺术家。
_______________________________________________________________________________
4. 他们说啊说，好像再也见不到了似的。
_______________________________________________________________________________
KEYS:1. If only I could go to the moon one day!
2. If only I had known the news earlier!
3. He looks as if he were an artist.
4. They talked and talked as if they would never meet again.
②虚拟语气在It’s (high/about) time that...句型中的运用
谓语动词用did/should+do (should 不可以省略)两种形式，意为“该是...的时候了”

即时练习：
1. Jack 是个夸夸其谈的人。是时候他应该去做点什么而不是仅仅空谈了。
Jack is a great talker. _______________________________________________________________________________
2. 你该做家务了。
KEYS:1. It’s high time that he did/ should do something instead of just talking.
2. It is high time that you did/should do housework.

分考点三：虚拟语气的其他用法
综合练习题
1.If only he ＿＿＿ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer(忍受痛苦) so much now.
A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. shouldn’t lie
2.Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I ＿＿＿ your advice.
A. follow B. had followed C. would follow D. have followed
3.It’s already five o’clock now. Do you think it’s about time ＿＿＿ ?
A. we are going home B. we go home C. we went home D. we can go home
4.“You are very selfish（自私）. It ‘s high time you ＿＿＿ that you are not the most important person in the world,” Jim said to his boss angrily.
A. realized B. have realized C. realize D. should realize
5.If only the committee(委员会) ＿＿＿ the regulations(章程，规则，条例) and put them into effect(使生效) as soon as possible.
A. approve B. will approve C. can approve D. would approve
6.It is high time that you ＿＿＿ a bath(洗澡，沐浴).
A. will take B. took C. had taken D. would take

KEYS: CBCA/DDB

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