典型错误题例.docx

【典型例题1】

　　【原文】1①Europe is not a gender-equality heaven. ②In particular, the corporate workplace will never be completely family-friendly until women are part of senior management decisions, and Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male. ③Indeed, women hold only 14 percent of positions on Europe corporate boards.

　　【题目】36. In the European corporate workplace, generally_____.

　　【选项】

　　[A] women take the lead

　　【分析】本题题干在问“欧洲企业的办公室通常会_______。”根据关键词回文定位到第一段第二句话“Europe’s top corporate-governance positions remain overwhelmingly male.”“欧洲高层管理的职位中，男性占主导地位”，而A选项“women take the lead”（女性占主导地位），与文章内容不符，属于很明显的偷换概念，把动作的发出者给偷换掉了。

　　【典型例题2】

　　【原文】6①After all, four decades of evidence has now shown that corporations in Europe as the US are evading the meritocratic hiring and promotion of women to top position--- no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them. ②When women do break through to the summit of corporate power---as, for example, Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook---they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.

　　7①If appropriate public policies were in place to help all women---whether CEOs or their children’s caregivers---and all families, Sandberg would be no more newsworthy than any other highly capable person living in a more just society.

　　【题目】40. Women entering top management become headlines due to the lack of ______.

　　【选项】

　　[B] massive media attention

　　[D] greater “soft pressure”

　　【分析】本题目的题干在问“进入高层管理的女性会成为头条新闻这是由于缺乏_______。”根据关键词回文定位，第六段第一句后半部分no matter how much “soft pressure ” is put upon them.（无论有多大的软压力施加给他们）和D选项greater “soft pressure”（更大的软压力），和题干部分连起来就是“缺乏更大的软压力”，又是属于明显的偷换概念。第六段第二句后半部分“Sheryl Sandberg recently did at Facebook---they attract massive attention precisely because they remain the exception to the rule.”（她们引发了大量的媒体关注）和B选项massive media attention（缺乏大量媒体的关注）语义刚好相反。

　　以上真题典型题目的错误选项均属于和文中定位信息含义相反的情况。象类似从肯否定关系的角度来设题的选项在真题中比比皆是。通常文中是肯定，而选项是否定；选项是肯定，而文中是否定。有时是属于偷换概念，有时是偷换主语，有时是偷换宾语，还有时偷换的是动作。