人教版2022年高中英语虚拟语气知识汇总笔记.pdf

1 (每日一练每日一练)人教版人教版 20222022 年高中英语虚拟语气知识汇总笔记年高中英语虚拟语气知识汇总笔记 单选题 1、It was President Xi Jinping _ visited the navy troops on April 19 and advocated that naval force _.Awho;be strengthenedBthat;would be strengthened Cwho;to be strengthenedDthat;must be strengthened 答案：A 解析：考查强调句和宾语从句的虚拟语气。句意：4 月 19 日，正是国家主席习近平视察海军部队，提出加强海军力量建设。把 It was 和该空去掉，这个句子结构完整，语义清晰，所以这是一个强调句，强调句的基本结构是：it is/was+被强调部分+that+句子的其他成分，如果被强调部分是人，可以用 who 代替 that；that naval force _.是一个宾语从句，表示建议、要求、命令的动词之后，宾语从句要用 should+动词原形，should 可以被省略的虚拟语气，故选 A。小提示：判断是否是强调句的一个简便的方法就是：把 It was，that 结构去掉，如果句子结构完整就是强调句；如果句子结构不完整，那句子中就缺少了成分，可能是状语也可能是从句。2、Unless you are content with what you have,you would not be satisfied even if it _.Ais doubledBwould be doubledCwill be doubledDwere doubled 答案：D 2 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：除非你满足于你所拥有的，否则即使拥有加倍你也不会满足。此处是 even if 引导的让步状语从句，根据主语谓语动词 would not be 可知句子用虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，则从句用一般过去时态的被动语态，在虚拟语气中 be 动词用 were，故选 D。3、If I hadnt been faced with so many barriers and frustrations,I where I am.Awont beBwouldnt have been Cwouldnt beDshould have been 答案：C 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我没有面对那么多的障碍，我就不会有今天的成就。分析句子成分可知，此处是错综时间虚拟语气，根据空后 where I am 可知，此处是与现在事实相反的假设，主句谓语动词应使用would/could/might/should+do。故选 C。4、Lucas failed his driving test again._ harder,he _ the test now.AIf he practiced;would pass BHad he practiced;would pass CDid he practiced;would have passed DShould he practice;would have passed 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：卢卡斯又没通过驾驶考试。如果他再努力些，他现在就能通过考试了。此处是省略 if 的非真实条件句，是错综条件句，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时态；主句与现在事实相反，用 would+动词原形。故选 B。3 小提示：If 引导的虚拟语气：1).表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be 动词用 were)主句：主语+should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）2).表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done 主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）3).表示与将来事实相反 从句：if+主语+were to doif+主语+should+doif+主语+动词一般过去式（be 动词用 were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）If 条件句如果把 if 省略，则把 were/should 和助动词 had 提到主语的前面。5、We often visit the nursing home and talk to the aged as if they _ our own grandparents.AwereBareChad beenDwill be 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们经常去敬老院和老人交谈，就好像他们是我们自己的爷爷奶奶一样。as if 引导方式状语，当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时，as if 从句用虚拟语气。表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去式。表示与过去或与谈话时间为止发生的事实相反，谓语动词用“had+过去分词”。根据上文 often 可知是对现在的虚拟，从句中主语为 they，故应用 were。故选 A。6、Our English teacher requested that the homework _ tomorrow morning.Awould be handed inBbe handed inChand inDmust be handed in 4 答案：B 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：我们的英语老师要求明天上午交作业。句中动词 request 为“要求”之意，后接宾语从句用 should+动词原形的虚拟语气，should 可以省略。从句中主语 the homework 与 hand in 之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故选 B。7、When it comes to death,Vincent Van Gogh _ by others in that his wound didnt indicate suicide,while Albert Einstein _ longer but he refused surgery,Amay have been killed;should have lived Bshould have been killed;should have lived Cmay have been killed;must have lived Dshould have been killed:must have lived 答案：A 解析：考查情态动词和虚拟语气。句意：谈到死亡，文森特 梵高可能被其他人杀害，因为他的伤口并不意味着自杀，而阿尔伯特 爱因斯坦本应该活得更长，但他拒绝接受手术。A.may have been killed;should have lived 可能被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；B.should have been killed;should have lived 本应该被其他人杀害，本应该活得更长；C.may have been killed;must have lived 可能被其他人杀害，一定活了很长；D.should have been killed:must have lived 本应该被其他人杀害，一定活了很长。结合句意，may have done 表示对发生过的事情的推测，should have done 本应该做某事，实际未做，符合句意。故选 A 项。8、This is her only request that the room_ after being used.Abe cleanedBis cleanedCwould be cleanedDwill be cleaned 答案：A 解析：5 考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意：她唯一的要求就是房间用完后要打扫。request 表示“要求”所接的 that 引导的同位语从句一般用虚拟语气，其虚拟语气的结构为：(should)+原形动词，should 可省略，从句中主语 room与 clean 构成被动关系，应用被动语态。故选 A。9、Be careful!Dont take the vase_ it were made of steel.Aas long asBas soon asCas ifDonce 答案：C 解析：考查连词。句意：小心点！不要动那个花瓶，好像它是钢铁制成的。A.as long as 只要；B.as soon as 一.就；C.as if 好像；D.once 一旦。根据 it were made of steel 可知是虚拟语气，与现在事实相反。故选 C。10、Would you rather I _ buying a new bike?Adecided againstBwill decide against Chave decidedDshall decide against 答案：A 解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：你希望我决定不买新自行车吗？would rather 后接宾语从句表示愿望时，从句常用一般过去式(动词 be 用 were)表示对现在或知将来的愿望的虚拟，that 常被省略。分析句子可知，句子是对现在的虚拟，要用一般过去时态；decide against 意为“决定不做”。故选 A。小提示：would rather 后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：1).一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望 Id rather you came next Saturday.我宁愿你下星期六来。Id rather you were happy.我愿你快乐。6 Id rather Jack left on an earlier train.我宁愿杰克乘前一班火车走。2).用过去完成时表过去的愿望 Id rather you hadnt said it.我真希望你没有这样说过。Id rather you hadnt done that.我宁愿你没这样做。分析本句可知，would rather 后接宾语从句表示愿望时，从句常用一般过去式(动词 be 用 were)表示对现在或知将来的愿望的虚拟，that 常被省略。分析句子可知，句子是对现在的虚拟，要用一般过去时态；decide against意为“决定不”。故选 A。