新目标七年级英语（上）易错知识点汇总.docx

七大易错知识点汇总一、六个语法易错点1.a, an的选择元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.am , is , are的选择单数用is ,复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are. have , has的选择表示某人有某物.单数用has ,复数用have. I ,you 用 have . there is, there are的选择表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is ,复数用there are. some, any的选择肯定句用some,疑问句和否定句用any. 疑问词的选择what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)二:形容词比较级当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：什么+ 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么 形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是: 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger , 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine finer , 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier 双写最后的字母再加er,如big bigger, thin thinner ,hot hotter 三、动词过去式动词的过去式的构成规则有:A,规则动词 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study studied carry carried worry worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类) 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped B,不规则动词此类词并无规则，须熟记！初一阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing sang , eat ate , see saw , have had , do did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt 四、动词的ing形式的构成规则一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting 五、英语人称代词主格及宾格1. 人称代词分为主格和宾格。Eg:I(主格)我- me (宾格)我2.主格和宾格区别：主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格不放在句首。Eg :I have a new car.( I 主格)Excuse me (me 宾格)I ask him to go (him 宾格)They sit in front of me (me 宾格)3.主格(8个)：I 我 you你 he他 she她 it它 we我们 you你们 they他(她、它)们宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him他 her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们六:句型专项归类1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子如:Im a student.She is a doctor.He works in a hospital.There are four fans in our classroom.2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子如:Im not a student.He does not (doesnt) work in a hospital. There are not (arent) four fans in our classroom.3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用yes,或no来回答. 如:Are you a student ？Yes, I am No, Im not.Is she a doctor？Yes, she is. No, she isnt.Does he work in a hospital ？Yes, he does. / No, he doesnt.Did you watch TV yesterday evening? Yes, I did. / No, I didnt. 4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用yes ,no来回答。如：What is this？Where are you going？Who played football with you yesterday afternoon？ When do you usually get up？Why do you like spring best ？How are you？七、完全式、缩略式1. 简缩形式的变法：把倒数第二个字母，通常是元音字母变成 ，但are除外，are要把a打成 。Eg:he is=hes they are=theyre2. 简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。3. 把完全形式变成简缩形式时，一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。Eg:What is =Whats4. 记住一个特殊变化;lets =let us 让我们(不要把 变成i) 5. 记住：this is 没有简缩形式，thiss(错误)6. 常见的缩略形式：Im=I amhes=he isshes=she is theyre=theyare youre=you are theres=there istheyre=they are cant=can notdont=do not doesnt=does not isnt=is not arent=are not lets=let us wont=will not Ill=Iwill wasnt=was not