新目标七年级英语（上）易错知识点汇总.docx

七大易错知识点汇总
一、六个语法易错点
1.a, an的选择
元音字母开头的单词用an,辅音字母开头的单词用a.
am , is , are的选择
单数用is ,复数用are. I 用 am , you 用 are.
have , has的选择
表示某人有某物.单数用has ,复数用have. I ,you 用 have .
there is, there are的选择
表示某地有某物,某人.单数用there is ,复数用there are.
some, any的选择
肯定句用some,疑问句和否定句用any.
疑问词的选择
what (什么) who (谁) where (哪里) whose (谁的) why(为什么)when(什么时候)which(哪一个)how old (多大) how many (多少)how much(多少钱)

二:形容词比较级
当我们需要对事物作出比较时，需要用到比较级。比较级的句子结构通常是：
什么+ 动词be (am , is , are ) + 形容词比较级 + than(比)+ 什么
形容词的比较级是在形容词的基础上变化而来的,它的变化规则是:
① 一般的直接在词尾加er ,如 tall - taller , strong - stronger ,
② 以e结尾的,直接加r ,如 fine – finer ,
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的,先改y为i再加er,如funny - funnier
④ 双写最后的字母再加er,如big – bigger, thin – thinner ,hot – hotter

三、动词过去式
动词的过去式的构成规则有:
A,规则动词
① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 worked , learned , cleaned , visited
② 以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 lived , danced , used
③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如 study – studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play,stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)
④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stopped

B,不规则动词
此类词并无规则，须熟记！初一阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:
sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go - went , take - took , buy - bought , get - got , read - read ,fly - flew , am/is - was ,are - were , say - said , leave - left , swim - swam , tell - told , draw - drew , come - came , lose - lost , find - found , drink - drank , hurt - hurt , feel - felt

四、动词的ing形式的构成规则
①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating
② 以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing ,如having , writing
③ 双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有running , swimming , sitting , getting

五、英语人称代词主格及宾格
1. 人称代词分为主格和宾格。
Eg:I(主格)"我"-- me (宾格)"我"
2.主格和宾格区别：主格和宾格汉语意思相同，但位置不同。主格在陈述句中通常放句首，宾格通常放在动词后或介词后，也就是说宾格不放在句首。
Eg :I have a new car.( I 主格)
Excuse me (me 宾格)
I ask him to go (him 宾格)
They sit in front of me (me 宾格)
3.主格(8个)：I 我 you你 he他 she她 it它 we我们 you你们 they他(她、它)们
宾格(8个)：me我 you你 him他 her她 it它 us我们 you你们 them他(她、它)们

六:句型专项归类
1.肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子
如:I'm a student.
She is a doctor.
He works in a hospital.
There are four fans in our classroom.
2,否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子
如:I'm not a student.
He does not (doesn't) work in a hospital.
There are not (aren't) four fans in our classroom.
3,一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用"yes",或"no"来回答.
如:Are you a student ？Yes, I am \ No, I'm not.
Is she a doctor？Yes, she is. \ No, she isn't.
Does he work in a hospital ？\Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
Did you watch TV yesterday evening?\ Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.
4,特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子.此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用"yes ,no"来回答。
如：What is this？
Where are you going？
Who played football with you yesterday afternoon？
When do you usually get up？
Why do you like spring best ？
How are you？

七、完全式、缩略式
1. 简缩形式的变法：把倒数第二个字母，通常是元音字母变成' ，但are除外，are要把a打成' 。
Eg:he is=he's they are=they're
2. 简缩形式和完全形式的汉语意思相同。
3. 把完全形式变成简缩形式时，一定要注意第一个字母的大小变化。
Eg:What is =What's
4. 记住一个特殊变化;let's =let us 让我们(不要把' 变成i)
5. 记住：this is 没有简缩形式，this's(错误)
6. 常见的缩略形式：
I'm=I am
he's=he is
she's=she is
they're=they
are you're=you are
there's=there is
they're=they are
can't=can not
don't=do not
doesn't=does not
isn't=is not
aren't=are not
let's=let us
won't=will not
I'll=Iwill
wasn't=was not