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一、what is 简单句?
二、简单句的分类
(一)主谓结构
(二)主谓宾
(三)主谓表
(四)主谓双宾
(五)主谓宾宾补
三、句子的成分(词性的问题)
(一)谓语
(二)主语
(三)宾语
(四)表语
一、what is 简朴句?
英语必要具备主谓构造,并且主语一定是谓语动作发出者,如果有宾语,宾语一定是谓语动作承受者。
试译:
我英语说得较好
I speak English well.
我要去剪头
A barber will cut my hair.
二、简朴句分类
(一)主谓构造
he died;we laugh(ed)
(二)主谓宾
谓语:实意动词
(三)主谓表
谓语:系动词
系动词:
1.be
2.感官动词:look smell taste sound feel
3.变化:become get
4.保持:keep stay remain
(四)主谓双宾
(五)主谓宾宾补
I bought him a dog(双宾)
It makes him happy(宾补)
判断双宾还是宾补:两者与否关于系,无关双宾关于宾补;加is与否通顺,通顺为宾补不通为双宾
三、句子成分(词性问题)
(一)谓语
有时态实意动词或系动词充当谓语
1.谓语成分
谓语只能是动词,动词只能做谓语,因此咱们需要把一句话中所有不做谓语动词变成不是动词
(1)+ing积极
(2)+ed被动
(3)+to目
2.动词能不能多?
绝对不能,一句话中只能有一种动词存在,并且充当谓语,多余动词所有变成非谓语动词,因此英语中有了独立主格和分词作状语
Beat you is my fault.
→Beating you is my fault.
I enjoy watch TV.
→I enjoy watching TV.
My dream is watch TV.
→My dream is watching TV.
My dream is become a teacher.
→My dream is becoming a teacher.
试译:
她拍了拍我肩膀,一句话都没说就离开了
He beat my shoulder,saying nothing,departed.
我爱你,你爱我
I loving you,you love me. (独立主格)
(能分清主次,留重要为谓语;分不清留背面为谓语)
把几句话写成一句话办法:
l 独立主格(分词作状语):
把各种句子用逗号连接写成一种句子,留一种为谓语,其她变为非谓语动词
l 并列句:
在几句话中加连词
l 复合句:
把最重要句子留下,其她变为从句
冬天来了,春天就不远了
Winter approaching,spring will be around the corner.
我是一种教师,我喜欢唱歌
I be a teacher,I enjoy singing.(独立主格)主语一致省略一种主语
Be a teacher,I enjoy singing.(分词作状语)
3.动词能不能少?
绝对不能,当一句话中需要动词而没有动词时,永远都加be动词,并且be动词没故意思
Your mother must very beautiful.
→Your mother must be very beautiful.
I against you.
→I am against(介词) you.
谓语总结:
一句话中有且只有一种有时态实意动词或者系动词存在,并且充当谓语。
(二)主语
1.主语成分
名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句(引导词+句子)
Handsome and strong is his nature.
→Handsomeness and strength are his nature.
→代词不能代形容词
→Being handsome and strong is his nature.
2.主语能不能少?
绝对不能,当一句话没有主语时怎么办?
(1)加it作主语,必要和天气、温度、时间关于系
试译:
北京很冷
It feels strikingly cold in Beijing.
(2)There remain/exist/seem,必要具有”有“意思
试译:
有诸多因素可以解释我观点
There remain an ocean of elements being responsible for my perspective.
(3)被动
试译:
建议政府采用办法
Authorities should be proposed to adopt action.
越来越多人以为污染很严重
Pollution is claimed exceedingly grave by an increasing amount of individuals.
(4)人称代词,当被动不能用时使用
试译:
上学
You go to school.
如果谁有毅力,谁就会成功
If there seems persistence,glories cannot fail to be attained.
(三)宾语
名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句
(四)表语
名词、代词、非谓语动词、从句、形容词、介词短语
I stand on the stage(主谓)
I exchange with my watch
→I exchange sth with my watch
exchange及物动词
练习:
都说我如水百变,可是我清澈不变
I am maintained changeable like water. On the contrary,my clarity keeps consistent.
四、简朴句考点分析
1. 写作
(1)把所有不会单词换成自己会词汇
(2)所有写不出长难句暂时写成简朴句
2. 长难句分析
分析长难句第一步就是找这句话动词也就是谓语,从而找到这句话主谓宾。如果一句话找到各种动词,只需要找出主句谓语动词(前面没有引导词动词就是主句谓语动词)
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