初三英语知识点整理.doc

初三英语知识点整理7A 1-21. be on the school basketball team2. at weekends=at the weekend 3. link-verb:感官：（。上去）look, sound, taste, smell, feel 变得：become, get, grow, turn, go不变：stay, remain, keep *seem, appear 感官动词后接形容词如：The music sounds good. *I feel well. (well=healthy a. )4. How do you say that in English?5. 玩的愉快Have a good time/have fun/enjoy oneself +doing 6. 两个：both, either, neither 三个：all, every, none 7. yies studystudies (y前为辅音)8. I am always hard-working. I always work hard. be动词后，实义动词前9. would like to do =want to do would like sb. to do =want sb. to do 10. too much water 不可数名词 much too fat 贬义形容词11. a (great/large) number of books a great deal of water 12. say hi 说话内容 speak English 语言 talk: 1) talk with/to sb. about sth. 2) have a talktell 1) tell sb. about sth. 2) tell sb. to do 3) tell a lie, the truth, a story, 4) tell the difference between A and B13. look at 看 see 看见， 明白 watch: 1) watch birds 观察2) watch a football game 看在动的东西Read:1) 读 2) for information a) read the map b) read the website 14. v. openclose a. openclosed 亲密的 close a. 15. each 个体（each of） every 整体 _ of the students is here. A. everyone B. every one C. each B, Cevery one of =each of 其中每一个16. It is time for sth. It is time to do 17. a book of mine 7A 3-41. 以ly, ing, ed结尾的形容词通常加more, the most 例如：more quickly more excited 2. Western restaurants 西方的 （大写W） western countries 地理位置 （小写w）3. up词组整理1) 表示程度 clean up eatup mopup 2) dress up as 乔装打扮meet up with 约见call sb. up=call sb. 4. on a cold morning on the morning of October 31st 5. You have a nice watch. -Thanks. I bought it yesterday. -How I wish to have one like it. 6. a boring film ing修饰物（主动：令人。的） I feel bored. （修饰人，被动：感到。的）7. across 横穿1) walk across the street2) walk across/over the bridge3) The bridge is six meters across. Through 内部穿过 walk through the forest 有困难 Walk through the desert抽象的 Go through my mind 8. on, at At Christmas On Christmas eve On Teachers day9. some的用法1) Would you like=Do you want2) Can I have 3) What about/How about 10. exercise 的用法1) 练习题(可数)Maths exercises *exercise books (名词修饰名词第一个名词用单数)2) 锻炼（不可数）Do more exercise, then you will be slim. *do morning/eye exercises表示种类可数3）v. 11. need用法1）情态动词 need do neednt do 2) 实义动词 need to do dont need to do *I _ any water. A. neednt B. dont need B情态动词必须与谓语动词连用才能加宾语3）物做主语时Sth. Need doing =sth. Need to be done The flowers need watering. =The flowers need to be watered. 12. how long时间 How far距离 How often =how many times+范围How soon多久以后（in+一段时间）13. people 复数名词谓语动词用复数民族 a people 56 peoples a person persons 14. 1) lie, lied, lied 说谎2) lie, lay, lain 躺3）lay, laid, laid 放，下蛋15. there be 就近原则 “有“7A 5-61. 介词后doing 常用介词about, for, of, with, without, at 2. 花费1) I spend 10 yuan on the book. =(in) buying the book. I spend 10 minutes on the book. =(in) buying the book. 2) The book cost me 10 yuan. /ten minutes. (cost, cost, cost) The work cost me one hour/one dollar to finish. 3) It takes me 10 minutes to walk home. 4) I paid 10 yuan for the book. *Pay the bill/pay the debt 3. 物match物 物fit 人The tie matches the shirt. The tie fits him. 4. win赢得, beat 打败win the match 物beat him 人5. thank you 的回答Its my pleasure. Not at all. You are welcome. 6. Sorry的回答Never mind. It doesnt matter. Thats OK. Its nothing. 7. high, highly; wide, widely; deep, deeply没有ly的通常表示具体的地理位置有ly的通常表示抽象的概念The bird flies high in the sky. He is highly praised*It is widely used. He is deeply loved by the girl. 8. to, for的区别to 向。， 往。for 为了pass the cup to me buy the book for me 9. an electrical shop 10. 目前Now=at present=at the moment 11. 立刻，马上At once=right now=right away12. try on the dress=try the dress on=try it on 名词随便放，代词放中间13. enough water/books good enough/well enough 14. That dress is expensive/cheap. The price of that dress is high/low. 15. her short black hair 形状颜色国籍材料16. en结尾的形容词Wooden, woolen, golden 17. 比较级，最高级I. 形式1) cheap, cheaper, the cheapest(副词前的the可以省略)2) fat, fatter, the fattest 3) heavy, heavier, the heaviest 4) beautiful, more beautiful, the most beautiful (大于等于三个音节，以ly, ed, ing结尾的单词)5) 特殊Good/well, better, the best Bad/ill, worse, the worst Far, farther/further, the farthest/furthest Little, less, the least Much/many, more, the most II. 比较级题眼1) 两个东西做比较2) Than3) Much, even, far 后 *Which is _, CJ or Hh?longerWhich is _river, CJ or Hh?the longerWhich is _one of the two rivers?the longerIII. 最高级题眼1) =三个东西2) The 3) 介词加范围4) One of 后One of my best friends IV. 特殊用法The more you eat, the fatter you will be. 越。， 就越。18. (1) hope的用法1) hope to do =want to do 2) hope that sb. will/can do My parents _me to be a doctor. AA. wanted B. hoped(2) wish a) wish you a happy holiday b) wish to do c) wish sb. to do =expect sb. to do *except(除了)， expect(期待)， expert (专家) 19. 也I am lazy, too. I am also lazy. I am lazy as well. I am not lazy, either. 也不20. 穿(1) Put on 穿上（动作）Wear 穿着（状态）Be in +颜色， 衣服（穿着）(2) dress的用法Dress up 乔装打扮Dress up as 乔装成Get dressed 穿好衣服Dress sb. 给某人穿衣服hairdresser n. 理发师(3) The coat looks good on me. I look good in the coat. 21. in the 1980s 20世纪80年代（1980-1989）*Oct. 31st (October the thirty-first) the 31st of October 22. ing主动 （物） -ed被动 （人） Cooked food 23. 不定代词的用法1) thing, -body, -one 2) 都为单数3) 形容词后置We dont have _. I still need some more candy. everythingAnything else 24. 情态动词1) 常见：should （ought to doought not to do , must, may, can, need*. Shall, might, dare敢于2) 后接动词原级3) may do may not do 否定在其后加not 4) 猜测Must be can be/may becant be 5) may有礼貌 can, cant 没礼貌25. first, then, next, afterwards, finally 8A 1-31. test n. 测试（小，非正式）exam =examination n. 考试（正式）final n. 决赛semi-final 半决赛2. miss 1) 错过 miss the bus 2) 想念 miss her 3) 丢了 go（be） missing, get(be) lost, be gone 3. fit1) The purse fits the bag. 钱包可以放在包里。2) fit me well 3) be fit =be healthy 4) be fit for sth. =be fit to do sth. 合适做某事4. pleasedpleasant 5. heroes, mangoes(mangos), tomatoes, potatoes 6. try to do 尝试*try doing 没有任何难度的尝试try tasting the cake manage to do 尝试并成功be able to do 有能力并成功can do 有能力7. with sth. by doing sth. I open the door with the key/by using the key. 8. join的用法1) join the club join the army join us join (become a member)2) join in +activities join in the party 9. agree 1) agree with sb. about sth. 2) agree to do 3) an agreement 一份协议10. end 1) in the end =at last=finally 2) at the end of 3) by the end of last year (过去完成时)11. to do 1) I went there to go shopping. 目的2) I arrived only to find it missing. (结果)12. 反身代词1)themselves, herself, itself, himself, myself, yourself, ourselves, yourselves2) enjoy oneself 3) help oneself to sth. 自便吃。, 请随意4）by oneself =alone=on ones own 5) teach oneself =learn by oneself 6) come to oneself 醒来8A 4-51. take action to do take the following actions to do 2. her effort her efforts in this area 3. 药 medicine （不可数）药片 pill (可数)4. choose的用法1) I want to choose a T-shirt. choose+目的2) You can choose from these T-shirts. choose from +范围3) You made a great choice. n. 5. The coat looks nice on you. You look nice in the coat. 6. lose v. loss n. lost a. 7. weigh v. (weighed, weighed) weight n. 8. smell v. 连系动词 a nice smell n. smelly a. 臭的9. leave sth. on ones own/alone/by oneself 落下（忘记带走） forget to do 没做（忘记要做） forget doing 做了（做了忘了）* remember to do 记得去做 remember doing 记得做过*stop to do 停下来去做 stop doing 停止做10. because +句子 because of +短语I was late because it rained heavily. =because of the heavy rain. 11. 主将从现从：条件句主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时关键连词：when, if, as soon as, until, unless12. return to school (go back) return the book (give back)13. nature n. 自然，本质 a nature reserve natural a. 自然的It is natural for him to be late again. 14. provide sth. for sb. provide sb. with sth. 15. call sb. on e-mail sb. at 16. arrive in Nanjing (大于等于城市)arrive at 小地方arrival n. His arrival surprised everyone. *reach sp. =get to sp. 17. 现在进行时表示将来地理位置发生变化come, leave, return, go, arrive, move 一般现在时表示将来列车时刻表The train leaves at 8. 日历 It is Wednesday tomorrow. 计划 He graduates this June. *There will be a film tonight. There is going to be a film tonight. 8A 61. The temperature is around/about 6 degrees centigrade. 2. show sb. around/about sp. 3. The temperature will be higher/lower. 4. The temperature will drop by 2 degrees centigrade to 5 degrees centigrade. 5. 不能同时存在的because/since/as, so although/though, but/however 8B 1-61. past的用法1) n. past and present 2) prep. walk past the desk 3) adj. in the past time2. lend, borrowlend to sb. borrow from sb. *I want to keep the book for 2 more weeks. 借3. ride 的用法1) n. take a bus ride 2) I went to school by bike. =I rode to school. =I went to school on my bike. ride-rode-ridden 4. 伴随She came in, wearing a smile. 主动伴随I like the dress made of silk. 被动伴随5. experience 1) n. (U) 经验 teaching experience 2) n. (C) 经历 traveling experiences 6. 伴随1) 主动伴随She came in, wearing a smile. 2) 被动伴随I like the dress made of silk. 7. use的用法1) use to do be used to do =be used for doing 2) used to do 过去常常做3) be used to doing 习惯于8. come out 开花出版9. 被动语态1) be done : is/am/are done, was/were done, will be done 2) 及物动词没有宾语；翻译中文10. invite的用法1) invite to do 2) an invitation letter 11. seem的用法1) You seem happy. 2) It seems to rain. 3) It seems that he will sleep soon. seem +a. seem to do It seems that 12. a piece of work a job 13. either A or B neither A nor B 就近原则14. 继续carry on with sth. go on with carry on doing =keep on doing =go on doing continue to do 15. raise for sb. donate to sb. 16. so, such 1) so tall a building 2) such a tall building 3) such great progress （进步）4) so much water (little, much, many, few用so)17. with的用法1) a coat with a hat 2) sleep with eyes open 18. why=what for Why are you here?What are you here for?9A 11. easy-going outgoing, outdoor 2. 以ly结尾的形容词lively, friendly, lovely, early, *likely be likely to do be really likely to do 有可能做某事It is likely to rain today. 3. forgive sb. for sth./doing sth. 4. around, about 的用法about/around one thousandshow sb. around/about the house5. to做介词后接doinglook forward to doing be used to doing pay attention to doing devoteto doing contribute to doing 6. have的用法have to do 不得不做。have to do (常为名词)have sb. do =let sb. do have sth. done 让某事被别人做了7. explain sth. to A for B为了B向A解释某事8. sleepy困的, asleep 睡着了be sound/fast asleep 睡的香，睡的熟fall asleep (fall, fell, fallen)* awake a. 醒着的 v. awake sb. 叫醒某人 wake sb. up 叫醒某人9. alone, lonely I am alone. I live alone. I feel lonely. a lonely house*a开头的形容词只能放系动词后做表语I am asleep.10. see所代表的hear, notice, find的用法1) see sb. do 全过程或频率 I like watching the fish swim around. 2) see sb. doing 正在发生 He was last seen walking down the street. 3) 被动语态to还原See sb. do sb. is seen to do 10. at a time 一次Please take two pills at a time every day. at all times 总是You are lazy at all times. at times =from time to time =sometimes 11. sometimes 有时 some times (some books) 几次 some time (some water) 一段时间*sometime 某个时刻I will visit you sometime next week. 13. 容易混淆1) Live a./adv. A live show a.The show is covered live. Adv. 2) life （U., C.）生活 U. 生命 C. 3) alive a. 活着的He caught the fish alive. 4) lively A lively lesson 生动活泼的She is lively. 精力充沛5) living things/animals14. It is nice of you to help me. (You are nice.)It is important for us to learn English. (We are important.)一致 of 不一致 for 9A 21. 影响 affect v. effect n. (have an effect on)努力effort n. Afford sth. /afford to do 负担的起Afford that computer=afford to buy that computer2. advise v. advise sb. to do advice n. a piece of advice practice v. /n. practise v. practise doing 3. prefer preferred 4. weather 天气 (U. ) What bad weather! climate 气候(通常可数)live in cold climates 5. prefer to do prefer A to B (A, B为名词或doing) would rather do than do I prefer to sleep than study. 6. look for 寻找 Find 找到 Find out 搞清楚 Search sp. 搜寻某地 （sp. 为范围）The police _him, but found nothing. search sb. 搜身A. searched for B. searched Search for sth. 搜寻的目的为。（sth. 为目的）I search the Internet for useful information. Discover 发现Invent 发明Create 创造（通常是精神上的，文学的，非物质的）7. none的用法概念：数量为01) none of 2) 回答how many, how much 3) Is there/Are there 9A 3-41. accept和receive I received a gift from him but I didnt accept it. Receive v. 收到Accept v. 接受2. spare a. /v. spare time =free time spare me five minutes空5分钟给我3. 去e: truth, truly，ninth4. be worth doing The book is worth reading. 5. quarrel with 吵架argue with sb. about sth. 辩论6. turn on 打开 turn up 调高turn off 关掉 turn down 调低turn over 翻身7. weekly, monthly, daily, yearly a. 8. up-to-date =latest 9. The man covered the floor of his room with books. The floor of his room was covered with books. The floor of his room was covered by the man. with后接覆盖这个动作的材料by 后接覆盖这个动作的发出者10. on the right You are right! right in front of 正前方*Thats right. 对的 Thats all right. 没关系11. He is too young to go to school. He is not old enough to go to school. He is so young that he cant go to school. 12. prize n. 奖金，奖品 award n. 奖项（头衔） reward n. 回报*Nobel Prize 13. There are boys playing football on the playground. There is/are sb. doing 14. from 7 to 9=between 7 and 915. I will wait until you come. I wont leave until you come. until连接的主句中动词必须可延续。16.选择题后was, were doing用while 后did用when I was cooking _he came in. WHENWhile: 强调两个动作同时进行。（两长）When 一长一短As 两短17. He is as tall as his father. He runs as quickly as his father. He doesnt run so/as quickly as his father. 9A 5-61. not only but also 1）He plays not only the violin but also the piano. 2）He not only sings well but also dances well. *就近原则Not only he but also I am hard-working. 2. present 1）n. 礼物2）a./n.(at the present moment; at present) 现在出席（presence）The present chairman is here. 目前的放在名词前The chairman present is nice. 出席的放在名词后3）v. present sb. with sth. 给某人某物 n. presentation 3. show n. be on sh