高二上学期期中考试复习（任务型）.doc

任务型阅读试题请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每空格1个单词。1Good communication is vital in modern society. We know that much of the communication is unspoken. Consciously or unconsciously, we show our true feelings with our eyes, faces, bodies and attitudes. Your good qualities can make good communication. The personal qualities include: physical appearance, energy, rate of speech, pitch and tone of voice, gestures, expressiveness of eyes, and the ability to hold the interest of others. What should we do so that our communication will be effective? Here are my suggestions. Firstly, you should be yourself. The trick is to be consistently you, at your best. The most effective people never change character from one situation to another. Theyre the same whether theyre having a conversation with their close friends, addressing their garden club or being interviewed for a job. They communicate with their whole being. Secondly, whether youre talking to one person or one hundred, always remember to look at them. Dont break eye contact while talking. As you enter a room, move your eyes comfortably, then look directly at those in the room and smile. This shows clearly that you are at ease. Smiling is important. The best type of smile and eye contact is gentle and comfortable, not forced. You should also absorb other people before showing yourself. You cant learn anything when you talk. When you attend a meeting, a party or an interview, dont immediately start throwing your opinions. Stop for a second. Absorb whats going on. Whats the mood of the othersare they down, up, happy, expectant? Are they eager to learn from you, or do they show resistance? If you can sense whats happening with others, you will be better able to reach them. So, listen before you talk. The fourth suggestion is that you focus your energy. How do you get your energy up? Before the meeting, collect your thoughts about the goal of the meetingyours and the others. Once you go through the doorway, no longer think about yourself. Focus on the person you are meeting to find out what he is interested in. Properly collected energy comes across when we sincerely believe something. When you speak with energy, you are involved with your audience and your message. You create an air of certainty. The audience may disagree with you, but they cant question your belief.Lastly, I would like to remind you that you should lighten up. Take a good hard look at your self. Do you say “I” too often? Are you only concentrated on your own problems? Do you complain frequently? If you answered yes to even one of these questions, you need to be more relaxed.How to communicate (71) SuggestionsDosDontsBe yourselfAlways be the same and communicate with your whole being.Change character in (72) situations.Use your eyes and smilel Make direct eye contact.l Present a gentle and comfortable (73) .l Break eye contact.l (74) yourself to smile.Listen before(75) Stop for a short time to know the others mood and what is happening with them.Begin your talk immediately.Focus your (76) l Remain (77) and think clearly and carefully before the meeting. l Focus on the person youre meeting. Think about yourself.Lighten upTry to be (78) .l Say “I” too often.l Concentrate on your own problems.l Make too (79) complaint.ConclusionGood communication (80) on good personal qualities.2Homework is a great way for kids to develop independent, lifelong learning skills, so here are some general homework tips for parents: Make sure your child has a quiet, well-lit place to do homework.Avoid having your child do homework with the television on or in places with other distractions, such as people coming and going. Make sure the materials your child needs, such as some paper, pencils and a dictionary, are available.Ask your child if special materials will be needed for some projects and get them in advance. Help your child with time management.Establish a set time each day for doing homework. Dont let your child leave homework until just before bedtime. Think about using a weekend morning or afternoon for working on big projects, especially if the project involves getting together with classmates. Be positive about homework.Tell your child how important school is. The attitude you express about homework will be the attitude your child acquires. When your child asks for help, provide guidance, not answers.Giving answers means your child will not learn the material. Too much help teaches your child that when the going gets rough, someone will do the work for him or her.Cooperation with the teacher. It shows your child that the school and home are a team. Follow the directions given by the teacher. Reward progress in homework.If your child has been successful in homework completion and is working hard, celebrate that success with a special even (e.g. pizza, a walk, a trip to the park) to reinforce the positive effortTitle(1) _ for parents on their childrens homeworkTopicBasic requirements(2)_for homeworkA single roomQuiet and well-lit(3) _ TV or other distractionsMaterials for homeworkThings (4) _Some paperSome pencilsA dictionary(5)_ materials for some projects ahead of timeTime management Doing homeworkA (6)_ time each day or a whole morning or afternoon on weekendsAttitudes to homework(7)_of homework(8)_ by parentsAccepted by children(9)_from parentsDos and dontsProvide guidanceDont give answersCooperate with the teacherFollow the teachers directions(10) _Successful homeworkReward the child with a special event.3 Every year there are hundreds of earthquakes in different parts of the world. In Sept.1923, Tokyo and Yokohama were both destroyed by an earthquake and the fires that followed it. They had to be completely rebuilt. One of the most serious earthquakes was in Chinas Shanxi Province in 1556. It killed almost one million people. We measure an earthquakes strength on the Richter scale. The Richter scale was introduced in 1935 in Southern California in the USA. It measures earthquakes on a scale of one to ten. Any earthquake measuring five or more is usually serious. The earths crust (地壳) is made up of layers of rock called plates. As these plates move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake. In cities such as Tokyo, where small quakes happen quite often, many modern buildings are designed to be flexible so when the earth moves, they move with it. Earthquakes can also break up gas or oil pipes. This can cause fires to break out, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself. Another effect of earthquakes is tsunamis (海啸). These are huge waves created by earthquakes beneath the sea. They can be many metres high and cause great damage to coastal towns and cities. China, Japan, Russia and the USA have the highest occurrence (发生) of earthquakes in the world.Knowing about 1._Two serious earthquakes in 2._An earthquake and 3._ fires destroyed both Tokyo and Yokohama in Sept. 1923.In 1556, a very serious earthquake 4._ in Chinas Shanxi Province.The way to 5._ an earthquakes strengthPeople can measure an earthquakes strength on the Richter scale of one to ten, 6._ in 1935 in the USA. If an earthquake measures five or more, its usually serious.The 7._ of earthquakesAs the plates, which form the earths 8._, move, they sometimes crash against each other, causing the crust to quake.Some 9._ of earthquakesIf earthquakes break up gas or oil pipes, 10._ will happen, which can do as much damage as the earthquake itself.Tsunami is another effect of earthquakes. 4 The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of rational accomplishment and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events and transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms. Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters. So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesnt allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see whats coming up. We may think were giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about death, disaster and adult mistakes. Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children hearing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street. More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places families under a lot of stress. How Television Changes Childhood?Main comparisonsContextsDistance between _1_and the outside.Homes used to be isolated from the _2_realm.Homes nowadays are _3_to the outside world. Media through which children can obtain informationIn the past, children might learn _4_about the outside world with the help of parents and _5_.More information is got directly through TV and other electronic media, which breaks down the _6_ between adult world and the child world._7_ of the information children getTraditionally, kids could only knew what they should learn at their age, carefully_8_by their parents.Everything can possibly be known by children, including many aspects of _ life.Effects on family educationParental instructionFamilies are now under greater stress than before. Adults are anxious about being parents and faced with new _10_.5In many countries the standard of living enjoyed by their people has been increased rapidly in recent years. Sadly, not everyone in these countries is so fortunate and many people in rich countries are homeless.The reasons for homelessness are various, but poverty is undoubtedly one of the main causes. The homeless people may have become jobless and then been unable to pay their rent and so no longer have a roof over their heads. Often, the fact that unemployed people get help from the government prevents this from happening, but not always.Some homeless people are mentally ill and have no one to look after them. Some are young people who, for one reason or another, have left home and have nowhere to live. Many of them have had a serious disagreement with their parents and have left home, choosing to go to a city and live on the streets. Sometimes they have taken such action because they have been unable to get on with a step-parent.Many homeless people get into the habit of begging to get enough money to stay alive, but many of the general public refuse to give anything to beggars. Often they are moved on by the police, being accused, whether rightly or wrongly, of forceful begging. There are many who disrespect homeless people.Some cynics(愤世嫉俗的人) declare that homeless people choose to live the life which they lead. But who would willingly choose to live in a shop doorway, under a bridge or in a cardboard box?Homeless PeoplePresent 1 about homeless people.Although peoples living standard has been increased, still many people are homeless, even in rich countries.2 for being homelessPoverty results from 3 and no help from the government.Some people suffer from 4 problems.Some 5 people have a disagreement with their parents or 6 .7 towards homeless peopleMany people refuse to give money to 8 showing no 9 for them.The author thinks that they are to be 10 .6Beggars are often seen sitting under blankets with heads sadly bowed as people pass them by in Cambridges market centerSome ask people passing by for change and some just sit and wait to be given moneyA few use aggressive behavior to earn money To solve the problem of aggressive begging，an “alternative giving” plan has been suggestedTen blue money boxes will be placed in busy places such as the market and the railway stationIt aims to encourage people not to give money directly to beggars but instead to give generously to local homeless causes Supporters of this plan think it will be an effective way to solve the beggars alcohol and drug problemsBut the police oppose the plan arguing that beggars who do not receive cash may turn to criminality( 犯罪) to feed their addictionsThe homeless charity “Crisis” said the success of any plan will depend on its styleThey think that imaginative and positive plans can help create localunderstanding and sympathy instead of hardnessMost of the beggars dislike the plan because they think they will not get enough money from the boxes for their showers，food，and clothes Begging is a big social problem both in developing and developed countriesGovernments must play a big role in solving this problemTraining beggars to work and helping them to find appropriate jobs is one optionThis is especially true for developing countries where many low-skill jobs existThe general community should also be educated to see beggars not as dirty and dangerous，but as people who need understanding and helpBegging problemIntroduction to the begging problemSome beggars ask 3._ for moneySome beggars just sit and wait to be given moneyAn “alternative plan” to the problem