2023中考英语阅读理解专项练习经典.doc

中考英语阅读理解汇编练习试卷一、中考英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）1阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? Sometimes we feel we are acting correctly when we do the same as others. The more people follow an idea, the better or truer we think the idea is. Its the social proof （社会认同感） that works. The scientist Asch carried out an experiment. It shows how social proof can influence us. In a room, a man is shown Line 1, and next to it are three lines （A, B, C）. A is longer, C is shorter and B is as long as Line 1. He must tell which of the three lines is as long as Line 1. When the man is alone, he gives the correct answer B. Then, five other men enter the room, and each of them gives the answer C as they were told to. Now the man changes his idea and gives the answer C. Asch got the same result many times among different subjects （实验对象）. Why do we act like this? Well, in the past, following others was a way to keep from danger. Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others action. It is so deeply planted in our mind that we still use it now. Social proof has special power. The advertising industry, for example, often makes use of it. So be capful whenever a company says its product is the most popular.（1）At the beginning of the passage, the writer leads in the topic by _. A.telling a storyB.giving examplesC.answering questionsD.showing a map（2）According to Paragraph 3, the experiment by Asch shows _. A.following others is always rightB.social proof may change peoples ideasC.its difficult to carry out the experimentD.people can study better if they are alone（3）The underlined word It in Paragraph g refers to _. A.running with othersB.hunting with friendsC.copying others actionD.doing something different（4）According to the passage, we can infer （推断） that _. A.its important to run with others anytimeB.products in the advertisement are the bestC.we mustnt copy others action to keep safeD.we need to think twice before following others【答案】 （1）B（2）B（3）C（4）D 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这篇短文通过几个实例说明了社会认知感对人们的影响。 （1）细节理解题。 In the park, you see a group of people, all looking up at the sky. Without thinking about it, you look upwards, too. Why? In the concert, someone begins to clap and suddenly the whole room joins in. You do, too. Why? 可知作者是通过实例说明了一个论点社会认同感的影响。故选B。 （2）细节理解题。第三段的实验内容主要讲让人们选择一个正确答案，在一个人单独思考的状况下，可以答对；当一群人一起看问题，并告知他们前面的人选择的一个错误答案，他们就都选择认可前人回答的错误答案，由此可知社会认同感会让人改变观点。故选B。 （3）词意猜测题。根据Suppose that 5000 years ago you were hunting （打猎） with friends. Suddenly, they all ran away. What would you have done? Would you have stayed? No, you would have run, too. We are descendants （后代） of those who copied others action.这种观念深深种在我们的脑海中并且现在我们仍旧在使用。可知it指的是人们抄袭他人的行动。故选C。 （4）推理判断题。根据 So be careful whenever a company says its product is the most popular. 因此无论何时当一个公司说它的产品是对受欢迎的要小心。可知当我们在跟从别人之前要再三考虑。故选D。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先阅读短文，了解短文大意，然后分析问题，弄清题意，再带着问题阅读短文，从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于推理判断题要根据文章中相关的细节进行推理判断，不要主观臆断，要根据作者的观点确定。2阅读理解 Kwanzaa is a celebration of African American history and culture. It begins on December 26th and continues until New Years Day, January 1st. During the festival, a family member, usually the youngest child, lights candles in a special candleholder. Each night a candle is lit. Traditionally there are three green candles, three red candles and a central black candle. They represent the seven Kwanzaa principles （原则）. The principles are believed to play a big role in building strong, successful families, neighborhoods, etc. In the evenings, adults share stories and explain how to follow the seven principles in daily life. On the sixth day, which falls on New Years Eve, family and friends get together to enjoy a large meal. Kyle, a third grader, wrote this about Kwanzaa, When we celebrate Kwanzaa, we have many people at home, light the candles, and have a nice dinner. We learn the meaning of Kwanzaa and remember family members. We say something good about them. Last year, we remembered my grandmother. In 1966, Dr. Karenga created Kwanzaa. He was studying the history of Africa at that time. Dr. Karenga wanted to create a holiday to bring African Americans together and celebrate their history and culture. He called the holiday Kwanzaa. In fact, the name comes from an African language, and it means first fruits of the harvest （收获季节）.（1）How long does the festival of Kwanzaa last every year? A.Two days.B.Three days.C.Five days.D.Seven days.（2）What color are the candles? A.Green, black and red.B.Green, white and red.C.Green, black and white.D.Black, white and red.（3）What does the underlined word represent in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese? A.决定B.展示C.维护D.代表（4）Who did Kyle remember during Kwanzaa last year? A.His aunt.B.His father.C.His grandmother.D.His grandfather.（5）Which of the following is TRUE about Kwanzaa? A.It has a history of about 100 years.B.Its name comes from an African language.C.It is to celebrate the good harvest of the year.D.During the festival, theres a big family dinner each night.【答案】 （1）D（2）A（3）D（4）C（5）B 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了宽扎节的庆祝活动以及它的由来。 （1）细节题。根据It begins on December 26th and continues until New Years Day, January 1st可知，这个节日持续一周，故是7天，故选D。 （2）细节题。根据Traditionally there are three green candles, three red candles and a central black candle可知，蜡烛有绿，红，黑三种颜色，故选A。 （3）词义猜测题。根据They represent the seven Kwanzaa principles可知他们指前面提到的三种颜色的七棵蜡烛，代表着宽扎节七个原则，故指代就是代表的意思，故选D。 （4）细节题。根据Last year, we remembered my grandmother，可知凯尔记得去年宽扎节期间的祖母 ， 故选C。 （5）推理题。根据In fact, the name comes from an African language, and it means “first fruits of the harvest 事实上，这个名字来自一种非洲语言，意思是“收获的第一批果实” ， 可知它的名字来自一种非洲语言 ， 故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。3阅读理解 Many people might think that if they had more money, then they would be happier in life. For example, people might look at what others have, like expensive clothes or nice cars, and wish they could have the same. But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person for long. But is that really true? Studies have found that money can, in fact, make people happier. Instead, its giving money to others that makes people happy, It could be buying a homeless person food to eat. It could be giving money to a person in need. Just think about the last time you used your own money to do something for someone else. How did you feel? Whether it is a small or large amount of money. People feel happier when they give. This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too. This idea of connecting your happiness to the happiness of others is described as a ubuntu in an African language. There is even a story about a man visiting Africa who asked some kids to race to a nearby tree. My first child to touch the tree would get a sweet treat. Surprising, all the children held hands and ran together. They all touched the tree at the same time. The man asked why they had done this. My children simply said they could only enjoy eating the treat if everyone had one.（1）The writer says that buying things_. A.can make people worriedB.can make people nervousC.may lead to sadness for longD.may lead to happiness for a short time（2）Where can we best put But it is not having money that brings happiness. in paragraph 2? A.B.C.D.（3）Why does the writer quote（引用） a story in paragraph 3? A.To explain Africans like sweets.B.To show examples are not enough.C.To make the writers opinion clearer.D.To express happiness is from children.（4）What does the writer try to tell us? A.Buying new things can make people happy.B.The key to happiness is making others happy.C.If you want to be happy, you can visit Africa.D.People who have a lot of money might not be happy.【答案】 （1）D（2）B（3）C（4）B 【解析】【分析】本文介绍了金钱的作用和如何运用要金钱。 （1）细节题。根据 But the things that money can buy can not bring happiness to a person for long.但是金钱可以买到的东西不会给一个人带来长久的快乐， 可知可能会带来短暂的快乐，故选D。 （2）推理题。根据 Instead, its giving money to others that makes people happy 相反，是把钱给别人让人们快乐 ，可知但是带来幸福的不是钱可以放在第二处，故选B。 （3）推理题。根据第三段描述，可知引用故事是使作者的观点更清楚，故选C。 （4）主旨题。根据 This is because making someone else happy makes the giver happy, too 这是因为让别人快乐也会让给予者快乐 可知， 作者试图告诉我们快乐的关键是让别人快乐 ，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息，主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。4请根据短文内容，判断句子正误。 Hello, I am Linda. I am from Class 1, Grade 7. My Chinese teacher is Miss Zhou. She comes from Shanghai. She is very thin. She likes reading. My math teacher is Mr. Chen. He is strong. He is good at swimming and running. My English teacher is Miss Li. She has long hair. She is friendly. She likes playing the piano. Mr. Wang teaches us PE. He is very tall. He likes playing basketball and volleyball very much. He often plays volleyball with us on the playground. （1）Linda is from Class 1, Grade 7. （2）Miss Zhou comes from Shanghai. （3）Mr. Chen is not strong. （4）Miss Li doesnt have long hair. （5）Mr. Wang likes playing volleyball very much. 【答案】 （1）1（2）1（3）0（4）0（5）1 【解析】【分析】主要讲了Linda介绍了自己的语文老师、数学老师、英语老师和体育老师。 （1）细节题。根据I am from Class 1, Grade 7.可知Linda来自七年级一班，故选正确。 （2）细节题。根据My Chinese teacher is Miss Zhou. She comes from Shanghai.可知周老师来自上海，故选正确。 （3）细节题。根据My math teacher is Mr. Chen. He is strong.可知陈老师是强壮的，故选错误。 （4）细节题。根据My English teacher is Miss Li. She has long hair.可知李老师长着长头发，故选错误。 （5）细节题。根据Mr. Wang teaches us PE. He is very tall. He likes playing basketball and volleyball very much.可知王老师喜欢打篮球和排球，故选正确。 【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。5阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出符合题意的最佳选项。 Mr. Smith is telling two funny stories of his police work. Story A I remember catching a thief in a clothes shop once. It was strange. The man was hiding a yellow sweater inside his coat. I thought he had stolen it, so I caught him. We found later that his wife gave him the sweater for his birthday, but he hated it. He just wanted to return it to the shop for money, but he didnt want his wife to see him! We soon let him go. Story B Another day, a man called Bob went into a bank on Sixth Street. He wrote on the back of an envelope, Give me the money! Or Ill kill you. And gave it to the bank clerk. She gave him 100,000 and the man ran away. Then we received a phone call from the bank clerk. She told us to go to the mans house in Candy Town and get him. We caught him as soon as he got out of the elevator. He couldnt believe that we found him so quickly. We told him that his name and address were on the front of the envelope he used!（1）What does Mr. Smith do？ A.A policeman.B.A bank clerkC.A thiefD.A teacher.（2）Mr. Smith caught the man in the clothes shop . A.by exchangeB.by chanceC.by mistakeD.by accident（3）Why did the man want to return the sweater to the shop？ A.Because he didnt want his wife to see it.B.Because he hated it.C.Because he liked money more than the sweater.D.Because he liked money best.（4）Bob was caught so quickly because . A.the police had gunsB.he received a phone call from the bank clerkC.the police waited for him outside the elevatorD.his address was found on the envelope he used（5）What do you think of Bob？ A.He is braveB.He is carefulC.He is carelessD.He is clever【答案】 （1）A（2）C（3）B（4）D（5）C 【解析】【分析】短文大意：这是一篇逸闻趣事类阅读，主要介绍了一名警察讲述的自己工作中遇到的故事。 （1）细节理解题。根据Mr. Smith is telling two funny stories of his police work.Smith先生正在讲述他警察工作的两个有趣的故事因此他的职业是警察，故选A。 （2）推理题判断题。根据 I thought he had stolen it， so I caught him.He just wanted to return it to the shop for money，我以为他偷了它，所以我抓了他。他只是想把它退给商店。因此推测是误抓，故选C。 （3）细节理解题。根据We found later that his wife gave him the sweater for his birthday， but he hated it.我们后来发现他妻子送他这件毛衣当生日礼物，但是他讨厌它。故选B。 （4）细节理解题。根据 He couldnt believe that we found him so quickly. We told him that his name and address were on the front of the envelope he used!他不敢相信我们这么快就找到他了。我们告诉他他的名字和地址在他用过的信封上。故选D。 （5）推理题判断题。根据最后一段的描述， He couldnt believe that we found him so quickly. We told him that his name and address were on the front of the envelope he used! 他不敢相信我们这么快就找到他了。我们告诉他他的名字和地址在他用过的信封上。故判断他是一个粗心的人。故选D。 【点评】此题考查阅读理解。对于细节理解题，可直接从短文的细节中找出问题答案。对于推理判断题要根据要根据文章的细节推理判断问题的正确答案。6阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。 One day, I walked into a stranger as he walked by me. Oh, excuse me. I said. He replied with a smile and said, Please excuse me, too. I wasnt watching out for you. We apologized（道歉） and went our own ways. Later that day, when I was cooking, my daughter was standing too close to me. When I turned to reach for some milk, I nearly knocked her over. Move out of the way. I shouted. She walked away sadly. But I didnt feel like I had to apologize to her. While I was in bed that evening, my husband said to me, Dealing with a stranger, you were polite, but with a daughter you love, you were unkind. Your daughter brought you some flowers that she picked herself this afternoon. Youll find them in the kitchen by the door. Have you seen the tears in her eyes? I quietly went and knelt down by my daughters bed. Honey, I am so sorry. I said, Are these the flowers you picked for me? She said, I found them by the tree. I picked them because theyre pretty like you. I knew youd like them especially the blue ones. I tearfully rep