形容词与副词的用法.doc

形容词与副词的用法
一、 形容词的用法。
1、 作定语，放在名词的前面。例如：a big room
2、 作表语，放在连系动词的后面，构成系表结构。例如：She feels warm.
常见的连系动词有：
① be “是” 例如: It is big.
② feel “感到,摸起来…” 例如: Lily feels happy.
③ look “看起来…” 例如: The old man looks tired.
④ get “变得…..” 例如: The weather gets hot.
⑤ become “变得…..” 例如: The story becomes true.
⑥ turn “变得(用于颜色)…..” 例如: When spring comes, leaves turn green.
⑦ sound “听起来…..” 例如: The song sounds beautiful.
⑧ taste “尝起来….” 例如: The cookies taste nice.
⑨ smell “闻起来…..” 例如: The food smells good.

二、 副词的用法。
1、 修饰行为动词。例如：Tom runs quickly.
2、 修饰形容词。 例如：Lily looks quite excited.
3、 修饰其它副词。例如：She studies very hard.

三、 很多形容词可以通过加ly构成副词.
1、 直接加ly ，例如：slow----slowly
2、 辅音字母加 结尾的，改y 为 加 i ，例如：happy----happily
四、 一些词本身既是形容词，也是副词。例如：
early(早), late(迟), high(高), fast(快), far(远)….

形容词与副词比较等级的构成:
形容词与副词通常有三个等级:即原级, 比较级, 最高级. 它们的变化如下:
一、 规则变化：
1、 一般情况下加----er, est. 如:
small---smaller—smallest fast—faster--fastest
2、 以不发音的e结尾的， 加—r, ---st. 如:
late—later—latest large—larger---largest
3、 以辅音字母+y结尾的, 把y改为i加—er, ---est.
happy---happier—happiest early—earlier—earliest
4、 以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的， 双写末尾辅音字母再加—er, --est.
big—bigger—biggest hot—hotter—hottest fat—fatter—fattest thin—thinner—thinnest
5、 部分双音节和全部多音节形容词与副词在前面加more, most.
形容词加ly构成的副词也是在前面加more,most.
careful---more careful---most careful
widely---more widely---most widely
quickly---more quickly—most quickly
popular—more popular---most popular
二、 不规则变化：
原级
比较级
最高级
good, well好的
better
best
bad, badly, ill坏的，糟糕的，差的
worse
worst
many, much多
more
most
little少
less
least
far远
farther
farthest

形容词与副词比较等级的用法:
1、 无比较对象时，用原级。Eg. Li Ming is tall.

2、 两者之间进行比较时，用比较级。常“…比较级+than….” 结构. Tom is taller is than Lily

3、“比较级+and+比较级” “越来越…..”. eg: It’s getting hotter and hotter.
如果遇到多音节词，则用“more and more +多音节词”. Eg: The girl is more and more beautiful.
4、“The+比较级…,the+比较级”“越….,就越….”.eg:The harder you study,the more you’ll get.

5、在“of the two…” “在…中,较…的…”结构中, 用“….the +比较级+ of the two”.
eg: Mike is the younger of the two boys.

6、修饰比较级的程度副词有：much/ a lot/far+比较级 “…..得多”; even/still+比较级别 “甚至,还更….”; a little/a bit+比较级 “更….一点”. eg: He is much taller than I.

7、同级比较用：
① “as+原级+ as”, 表示 “和…一样…”eg: This room is as big as that one.
② “not as/so+原级+ as”, 表示“(前者)…不如…(后者)”.eg: Lily doesn’t run so fast as he.

8、三者或者三者以上进行比较， 用最高级。其中，形容词的最高级前，要用定冠词“the”; 副词的最高级前，可用定冠词“the”,也可以不用. 另外，最高级的句子一般有 “of+人或物的范围” 或 “in+地点的范围”.He is the tallest boy in his class.

9、形容词与序数词连用时， 用最高级。She is the second youngest in the class.

10、one of +形容词的最高级+名词的复数.Miss Li is one of the most popular teachers in the school

Exercises:
1. Summer holiday is usually _________ than winter holiday in China.
A. long B. short C. longer D. shorter
2. After the dinner, I ate another mooncake. I feel very _______ now.
A. full B. fuller C. fullest D. fully
3. The bus is coming ____________.
A. near and near B. nearer and nearer C. nearly and nearly D. more and more near
4. I am sure you can sing as ____ as last time.
A. well B. good C. better D. best
5. He looks ____ than he is.
A. more young B. many younger C. much younger D. much more younger
6. Tom is ______ student in the class.
A. better B. the better C. best D. the best
7. A train can’t run _____ as a plan.
A. so fast B. faster C. so faster D. the fastest
8. He listened to the teacher ____ than you.
A. more careful B. more carefully C. as careful D. as carefully
9. This match made them ____ at last.
A. happily B. quickly C. slowly D. friendly
10. There are _____ chairs in this room than in that one.
A. fewer B. less C. not so many D. not as many
11. Li Lei prefers maths to Chinese. But I think Chinese is much _____.
A. useful B. more useful C. very useful D. the most useful
12. In this country, it’s very _____ in November but it’s even _____ in December.
A. cold; cold B. cold; colder; C. colder; cold D. colder; coldest
13. Of all the shoes in your shop, is this pair ____ one?
A. very good B. much better C. a cheaper D. the cheapest
14. I don’t think science is _____ foreign languages.
A. as more interesting as B. as interesting as
C. as interesting than D. as interesting
15. – You’ve got the same dress as I.
- Yes, mine is _____, but not so ____ as yours.
A. better, expensive B. better, more expensive
C. more better, expensive D. good, more expensive
16. I have no time because I’ve ____ work to do and _____books to read.
A. many, much B. many, many C. much, many D. much, much
17. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ____.
A. richer and richer B. more and more rich
C. richer and richest D. more rich and more rich
18. Our school is becoming ___.
A. more beautiful and beautiful B. more and more beautiful
C. beautiful and beautiful D. more beautiful and more beautiful
19. –Which box is ____, the red one, the yellow one or the blue one?
-What do you mean by asking this?
A. heavy B. heavier C. heaviest D. the heaviest
20. This skirt is _____ for me. I won’t take it.
A. too much larger B. too much large C. much too large D. much too larger
21. Miss Wang is one of ____ in our school.
A. a popular teacher B. more popular teacher
C. most popular teacher D. the most popular teachers
22. Of all these subjects, I like Chinese _____.
A. more B. best C. well D. better
23. Jack runs as _____ as Tom.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. much faster
24. Don’t go out. It’s raining _____.
A. quickly B. heavily C. hardly D. loudly
25. Bob did ____ in the maths exam than Tom.
A. bad B. badly C. worse D. worst
26. The old writer lives ______ but he doesn’t feel ______.
A. alone; alone B. alone; lonely C. lonely; lonely D. lonely; alone
27. – Does Mary work carefully?
- Yes, I think she works ____ in our class.
A. much carefully B. more carefully C. most carefully D. much more carefully
28. Mike often talks ____ but does ____. So everyone says he is a good boy.
A. less; more B. few; much C. more; little D. little; many
29. This kind of skirt looks _____ and sells _____.
A. good; nice B. nice; good C. well; well D. nice; well
30. He eats ___ food, so he is _____ fat.
A. much too; too much B. much too; too many
C. too much; much too D. too much; many too
31. Tom is _____ than all the other students in his class, he is ______ of all.
A. taller; tallest B. taller; the tallest C. tallest; taller D. the tallest; taller
5