英语学案5.doc

Unit 1 Great scientists编写人：蔡秀冰 审核人： 刘明山单元课时计划本单元计划用五个课时完成：第一课时 完成预习学案；第二课时 完成重要句型学案；第三课时 完成重点知识学习（）；第四课时 完成重点知识学习（） ；第五课时完成语法学案和写作指导。第一课时 预习学案教师寄语：Easy come, easy go. 易得者亦易失。 Hazlitt赫斯特使用说明： 1.课前热身，读背单词并完成词汇知识内容12分钟。2.快速阅读课文，勾画重要短语并完成重要短语练习15分钟3.指导点评8分钟，总结梳理记忆5分钟.重点单词1.科学的 adj. 2.结束；推断出vt.vi. 3.打败；战胜 vt. 4.熟练的adj.专家；行家n. 5.照顾；护理vt. 6.暴露；揭露；使曝光vt. 7.治愈；痊愈n.& vt. 8.挑战；向.挑战n.&vt. 9.吸引；吸收；使专心vt. 10.怀疑vt;嫌疑犯n. 11.严重的；严厉的adj. 12.责备；谴责vt;过失n. 13.污染；弄脏vt. 14.柄,把手n;处理、操纵v. 15.连接；联系vt.n. 16.宣布；通告vt. 17.捐献；贡献vt.vi. 18.积极的；肯定的adj. 19（使）旋转vt.vi. 20.拒绝;不接受vt. .重点短语 单词表中1.提出 2.用做 ;3.使显露;暴露 4.将和联系起来 5.除之外；此外 6.对严格的 7.讲得通；有意义 Warming up1.提起； 抬高 2.用做 3.从到 4.做的方法 5.使安全 6.提出理论 Pre-reading1.set out 2.draw a conclusion 3.supporting evidence 4.putinto 5.the content of 6.analyse the results Reading1.想到；考虑到 2.普通百姓 3.致命的疾病 4.当时候 5.直到才 6.对感兴趣 7.到处漂浮 8.准备做 9.贫民区 10.决心做某事 11.做进一步调查 12.免费啤酒 13.应受责备的_ 14.调查 15.惊慌失措的人 16.缓解,减速 17.从搬走 18.肯定地 19.污染的水 20.不再 Comprehending & Learning about Language1.解决问题 2.与相似 3.写一个摘要 4.大声读 5.战胜某人 6.应负责任的 7.吸收 8.结束 9.除之外 10.给腾地方 Using language1.第一次 2.写下，记下 3.试图不理睬 4.得出相同的结论 5.问题出现了 6.有时 7.从事 8.固定着的太阳 9.绕地球转 10.鼓励某人做 11.违背 12.直接的联系 小结：（1）我的收获：_ _ _ _ _（2）我的困惑：_ _ _ _ _ _第二课时 重点句型理解教师寄语：An hour in the morning is worth in the evening使用说明：1.认真阅读Reading one & Reading two 并画出下列重要句型 15分钟2.认真分析下列重要句型 15分钟3.点评 10分钟1.John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal.本句为_，其中sothat引导_从句。如：_ people called the police.他们中的一些人表现得很差以至于人们叫来了警察。The drug was so dangerous that he nearly died._ 易混辨析sothat/suchthat这组搭配都可以引导结果状语从句，但用法略有不同。(1) sothat中的so是_，修饰_或_。其结构主要有：adj./adv.+that从句so + adj.+a/an+ _+that从句much/many /few/little(少) +_/_+that从句(2) suchthat中的such是_，修饰_。其结构主要有:a/an+adj.+ _+that从句such + _+that从句_+that从句填空：(1).（2008全国卷I）The weather was _cold that I didnt like to leave my room.(2).I have made _rapid progress in English that I find it more interesting.(3).Its not surprising that _little worms eat _little grain.拓展：当so或such置于句首时，主句要用倒装语序。如：So clever a student was he that he was able to work out all the difficult problems.2.Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. _ neithernor表示“_”，用于连接_结构。它连接的两个并列成分作主语时，句子谓语动词的单复数应遵循_。如：She neither called nor wrote. 译： _ 译：_我们和他都不想要这东西。拓展：eitheror（要么要么），not onlybut also(不但而且)都可用于连接_，它们连接的并列成分作主语时，谓语动词的单复数都遵循_。如：(1)Either my father or my brothers _coming.不是我父亲来就是我的兄弟们来。(2)Either you or one of your students _to attend the meeting tomorrow.3. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. 译： _本句包含由连词性名词短语_引导的_从句。英语中，类似的连词性名词短语主要有以下三种：(1)表示习惯性、经常性,常与time搭配：every time, each time, next time,the first/second/last time等。如：_ ，I have pain in my back. 我每次感冒背就痛。The last time he saw Jane, she was lying in bed. 译: _ (2)表示瞬间变化，含有“一就”的意思，主要由定冠词the与瞬间名词构成: the moment,the minute,the instant,the second等及副词immediately/directly/instantly 如I recognized you the moment I saw you. 译：_ 4. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 有一位妇女是从宽街般过来的，她特别喜欢从那个水泵里抽上来的水，每天都要派人把水运到家里来。(1)本句是复合句。其中_引导的_修饰先行词_，who 在从句中作主语；_引导结果状语从句。(2)句中had it delivered 是_结构，该结构有以下两种常见用法：1）表示“请/让别人做某事”。译： _我要找人给我理发。2）表示“经历或遭遇（一些不好的事）。”译:_.我的表昨天被偷了。5. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. 译: _。(1) _是动词不定式短语作目的状语，动词不定式作目的状语时，不定式动作发生在谓语动作之后。如：He went to the market_ .他去市场买了些蔬菜。特别提示:现在分词作状语时，分词的动作往往与句子谓语的动作同时发生，表示伴随状况。如：They sat in the classroom, singing. 译:_ (2)John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined中的suggested表示_，后面跟的宾语从句的谓语须用_表示虚拟。有此用法的动词还有：order,insist,demand,require,desire,command,propose,request等。如：The teacher order that_老师要求所有的学生准时到这儿。He insisted that_他坚持要求我们出席会议。特别提示:当suggest作“暗示，表明”讲，insist作“坚持认为，反复说”讲时，其后的宾语从句不用_，而要用_。如：Her accent suggested that_.Hhk Hk 中二她的口音表明了她来自南方。He insisted that she had done it. 译: _ 6.Although he had tried to ignore them ,all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion :that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. 虽然他曾经试图不去理睬那些数字,然而他所有的数学计算都得出了一个相同的结论:地球不是太阳系的中心。(1)本句是复合句。although引导_，主句是_ ，后面接that引导的_，该从句用于解释说明前面的名词conclusion.(2)lead to 是“导致；通向”的意思，其中to为_，后跟_、_或_，不能用于被动语态。译: _.条条道路通罗马。In given conditions, a bad thing can lead to good results.译:_拓展： 含介词to 的短语：look forward to期盼 contribute to 有助于 be devoted to献身于 object to反对7.Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.只有当你把太阳放在中心位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能讲通。句中only起强调作用，与所修饰的状语从句（见本句）、副词（短语）或介词短语放在句首时，句子要用部分倒装。如：Only when he told me did I know Tom has gone to Beijing. 译: _只有在那时，我才认识到英语的重要性。译:_只有通过努力工作我们才能获得成功。译:_8.He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth.他把固定着的太阳放在太阳系的中心位置上，行星都围绕着太阳转，只有月球仍然绕着地球转。本句的主句是_，宾语a fixed sun中的过分词fixed 作定语修饰_意为“_”。主句后面的with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth是with的复合结构，即“_ ”结构，补足语可以由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式或分词充当。该结构在句中通常作状语，表示状态或说明情况。如：She appeared at the party with a flower on. 译: _因为有许多事情要处理，我不能去度假。译: _.小结：（1）我的收获：_ _ _（2）我的困惑：_ _ _ _ 第三课时 重点知识学习（I） 教师寄语：Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass. 生活而无目标，犹如航海之无指南针。 J. Ruskin 鲁斯金使用说明：1.复习上节知识5分钟。2.自主学习相关内容，完成并展示学案10分钟。3.讨论所展示学案10分钟。4.高效完成反馈练习6分钟，讨论并展示4分钟。5.指导点评5分钟，整理记忆5分钟。 1. put forward(1) 推荐；荐举Can I put you forward as a secretary of the club?译：_(2) 把提前We put the meeting forward by a week. 译：_(3) 向前拨；拨快（时钟指针）Remember to put your clock forward tonight. 译：_(4) 提出；提议；建议Hes always _ a practical idea when we need one.当我们需要主意时，他总是能提出一个很实用的。拓展：put aside_ put away_put back_ put down_put up_ put off_put out _2.conclude vt. vi. 结束；得出结论；推断出；断定。如：We will conclude our concert with an English song.译:_ From the evidence, I must conclude that you are wrong.译:_ 拓展：conclusion n.结论arrive at/ come to/reach/draw a/the conclusion._3.defeat (1)vt. 击败，战胜，挫败。如：He defeated the champion again. 译：_(2)n. 击败，失败。如译：_ 今年我们失败过两次。辨析 defeat/ beat/ win(1)defeat & beat 意义与用法相似，一般可以互换，两者通常接表示“人”或“团体”的名词或代名词作宾语。但是beat侧重于在比赛中击败对手，defeat既可以指在比赛中，也可以指在战场上战胜对手。如：1. We _ the enemy at last. 我们终于战胜了敌人。2. I _ John at chess yesterday. 昨天下棋我赢了约翰。（2）win作及物动词时，其后一般接game , war , battle , prize等表示比赛、战争、奖品等的名词。如：Mary _ the first prize in the competition. 玛丽在竞赛中获得一等奖。4.attend (1)vt. vi. 照顾，照料，护理。如：There was _him but Tina. 除了蒂娜，再无人照顾他了。Which nurse _you? 哪位护士在照顾你？(2)vt. vi. 参加，出席。如：译：_ 昨天他没有参加会议。拓展：_(n.) 出席，参加 _(n.) 侍者，服务员attend to _ attend school/church _attend a meeting/a lecture _5.expose vt. 暴露，显露；揭露；使面临，使体验。常与介词to连用。如：He smiled suddenly, _ a set of amazingly white teeth.他突然一笑，露出一口雪白的牙齿。We want to expose the kids to as much art and culture as possible. 译：_拓展：exposed adj._ expose sb. to sth._6.cure (1)n. U治愈，痊愈，治好；C疗法，药方（常用于a cure for sth. 结构，表示“_”）如：They are trying to find a cure for poverty.译：_译：_ but without success.他已尝试了各种各样的治疗办法，但仍不见效。(2)vt.治愈，治疗（常用于cure sb of sth.结构，表示“_”）。如:译：_这种药可治好你的头痛。辨析:cure ,treat & healtreat表示“治疗”时，强调医治的过程；cure作“治疗”讲时强调医治的结果，往往表示“治愈；治好”。heal一般指外伤的“愈合”。如：The doctor is _ a patient for fracture(骨折 ) of the bone.I took some medicine,and that _me.The wound _slowly.7.challenge (1)n.挑战，具有挑战性的事物。常见结构：face the challenge _ accept a challenge_issue/offer a challenge_ receive a challenge_译：_a TV debate. 他接到电视辩论的挑战。(2) v. 向（某人）挑战。如：When I said I ran faster than her, she challenged me to a race.译： 他向我挑战下象棋。译：_to play chess. 拓展：challenge sb. to sth./to do_8.absorb vt. 吸收；引起的注意，使全神贯注。常见结构：be absorbed in _ absorbfrom_be absorbed by _ absorb ones attention _They absorbed a great deal of Roman culture.译： _Dry earth _. 干土吸水快。The writer was absorbed in his writing. 译： _9.blame (1)vt. 指责，责备；归咎于，归因于。常见结构：blame sb. for sth. /doing sth. _blame sth. on sb. _He blamed you for the neglect of duty. 译： _译：_,but on myself. 我不怪你，怪我自己。(2) n.责任；过失；责备。常见结构：take the blame for _I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.译:_ 特别提示：be to blame表示“_”，通常用_表示被动意义。如：We consider that you are not to blame. 译： _10.handle (