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1、第七章第七章完成句子完成句子【题型分解】【题型分解】完成句子共完成句子共5 5题,每题从题,每题从4 4分降到分降到3 3分,总分从分,总分从2020分降到分降到1515分。完成句子这一题型不是翻译完整的句子,而是给出上分。完成句子这一题型不是翻译完整的句子,而是给出上下文根据汉语提示完成英语句子。这样使得难度有所降低,下文根据汉语提示完成英语句子。这样使得难度有所降低,但是由于考察了英语的综合应用能力,因此在整份高考试但是由于考察了英语的综合应用能力,因此在整份高考试卷中属于较难的一种题型。卷中属于较难的一种题型。但通过对但通过对20092009年至年至20172017年的年的试卷分析可知完

2、成句子所考察的内容往往集中在固定的几试卷分析可知完成句子所考察的内容往往集中在固定的几种语法类型上。种语法类型上。由上表可知,完成句子主要集中在五大类上,分别是非谓语由上表可知,完成句子主要集中在五大类上,分别是非谓语动词,固定短语或句型,宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句。但是动词,固定短语或句型,宾语从句,状语从句,定语从句。但是从近两年的高考来看,完成句子的考查范围也在不断地扩大,这从近两年的高考来看,完成句子的考查范围也在不断地扩大,这要求学生须全面地掌握各语法点。要求学生须全面地掌握各语法点。语法类型语法类型年份年份非谓语非谓语动词动词固定短固定短语语或句型或句型宾语从宾语从句句状语从状语

3、从句句定语从定语从句句倒装倒装动词动词时态时态200912112010311201112112012221201321120141111120153112016113120171121【方法指导】【方法指导】从总体情况而言,只要方法正确,从总体情况而言,只要方法正确,此部分的分数是比较此部分的分数是比较容易提高的。那么如何在考前有效容易提高的。那么如何在考前有效地地提高这道题目的得分,提高这道题目的得分,下面是为你提供的一些可行有效的方法,助你提高高考第下面是为你提供的一些可行有效的方法,助你提高高考第二卷的得分。二卷的得分。(一)过好单词关。但凡学英语的人都知道,单词难学一)过好单词关。但凡

4、学英语的人都知道,单词难学难记又不得不记,记住的单词很容易又忘记,即使花费难记又不得不记,记住的单词很容易又忘记,即使花费巨大代价也难以保证攻克单词关。而研究单词记忆的特巨大代价也难以保证攻克单词关。而研究单词记忆的特点和记忆规律对单词的记忆有莫大的帮助。英语单词的点和记忆规律对单词的记忆有莫大的帮助。英语单词的记忆,也没有灵丹妙药,不可能一劳永逸,而是要花时记忆,也没有灵丹妙药,不可能一劳永逸,而是要花时间,花工夫,也要经常复习。当然,在具体的记法上也间,花工夫,也要经常复习。当然,在具体的记法上也还是有一点点比较实用的方法。第一,注意手、嘴、脑还是有一点点比较实用的方法。第一,注意手、嘴、

5、脑的作用,也就是把音、形、意结合起来,可边读,边写,的作用,也就是把音、形、意结合起来,可边读,边写,边记。由于英语是象音文字,声音就显得非常重要,记边记。由于英语是象音文字,声音就显得非常重要,记住它的发音对于记住它有特别的作用,所以对于大部分住它的发音对于记住它有特别的作用,所以对于大部分同学而言,读记比默记的效果要好。第二,可把同一词同学而言,读记比默记的效果要好。第二,可把同一词根的单词放在一起,有比较地系统地记忆。如根的单词放在一起,有比较地系统地记忆。如success,succeed,successful,successfully,这,这4 4个同源个同源单词,分别是名词,动词,形

6、容词和副词形式,放在一单词,分别是名词,动词,形容词和副词形式,放在一起记可以加深对它们的理解,更好地把握它们的区别。起记可以加深对它们的理解,更好地把握它们的区别。第三,对于经常写错的单词,要重点解决,第三,对于经常写错的单词,要重点解决,各各个击破,个击破,不可一拖再拖,一错再错。不可一拖再拖,一错再错。(二)完成句子。做完成句子,首先判断用什么句型。看二)完成句子。做完成句子,首先判断用什么句型。看到中文后,先想用什么句型,然后再考虑用哪些词,不要到中文后,先想用什么句型,然后再考虑用哪些词,不要马上逐字翻译成对应的英文单词。判断好该用的句型或短马上逐字翻译成对应的英文单词。判断好该用的

7、句型或短语后,尝试把中文意思翻译成英文。然后,根据句子中已语后,尝试把中文意思翻译成英文。然后,根据句子中已有的部分或中文意思的提示,注意翻译部分的时态、语态、有的部分或中文意思的提示,注意翻译部分的时态、语态、非谓语动词的形式和固定句型的搭配等。非谓语动词的形式和固定句型的搭配等。1.1.从句从句(1 1)定语从句。在做定语从句时要特别注意从句的基本)定语从句。在做定语从句时要特别注意从句的基本结构,即:先行词结构,即:先行词+引导词引导词+主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语。再按照这个宾语。再按照这个公式根据句子中所缺少的成分补上去。再检查时态和语态公式根据句子中所缺少的成分补上去。再检查时态和语态

8、就可以了。就可以了。(2 2)名词性从句出现时尤其要注意语序,即使用陈述句)名词性从句出现时尤其要注意语序,即使用陈述句语序。方法和上面定语从句的方法差不多。语序。方法和上面定语从句的方法差不多。(3 3)状语从句。先要根据句子的意思判断是哪种类型的)状语从句。先要根据句子的意思判断是哪种类型的状语从句。如:地点,原因,方式,让步等。先根据判断状语从句。如:地点,原因,方式,让步等。先根据判断找好引导词,注意使用陈述句语序,即:主语找好引导词,注意使用陈述句语序,即:主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语的结构。的结构。2 2.非谓语非谓语(1 1)分词。分词包括现在分词和过去分词的用法。大)分词。分词包括

9、现在分词和过去分词的用法。大原则是现在分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作,如原则是现在分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作,如see/head sb.doing sth.等固定用法。而过去分词则表等固定用法。而过去分词则表示一个被动的或已经完成的动作。如:示一个被动的或已经完成的动作。如:He found his windows broken by a little boy(被一个小男孩打烂被一个小男孩打烂了)。了)。(2 2)非谓语中的不定式要特别注意省)非谓语中的不定式要特别注意省to的用法。比如的用法。比如有些使役动词及感官动词后的宾语补足语可用省略有些使役动词及感官动词后的宾语补足语可用省略

10、to的的动词不定式,如动词不定式,如let,make,have,feel,hear,smell,watch等。例如:等。例如:The teacher made me rewrite the composition yesterday.I heard her say that she was fed up.但是在以上结构的被动句中所省略的但是在以上结构的被动句中所省略的to要加上。如:要加上。如:I was made to rewrite the composition yesterday.3 3.固定结构固定结构(1 1)固定句型)固定句型It is+adj.+to do 例如:例如:It i

11、s difficult to know how much she earns every month.It is impossible to know where shes gone.It is no use/good+doing“是没有用的是没有用的”,“是没必要的是没必要的”。例如:。例如:It is no use trying to persuade him.(2 2)动名词短语常用在以下结构中:)动名词短语常用在以下结构中:have difficulty(in)+doing sth.have trouble(in)+doing sth.have a good time(in)+doin

12、g sth.have a hard time(in)+doing sth.例例1 1:We have great difficulty(in)solving the problem.例例2 2:They had problem getting there on time.(3 3)固定短语)固定短语如:如:in the hope of,pay attention to,make up ones mind等等例如:例如:1.1.(你手里的这本书)你手里的这本书)was written by my sister.【解析】【解析】从所给句子分析,该句没有主语,所以要完成部分为主语。而从所给句子分析,

13、该句没有主语,所以要完成部分为主语。而主语中,主语中,“你手里的你手里的”是定语,修饰是定语,修饰“这本书这本书”,因此应写为:,因此应写为:The book in your hand。2.2.(每天晚上八点到十点)每天晚上八点到十点),he sits on the sofa watching TV.【解析】【解析】从全句来看,所填部分是一个介词短语在句子中作状语。注意从全句来看,所填部分是一个介词短语在句子中作状语。注意所填的时间顺序应是从小到大,应先写所填的时间顺序应是从小到大,应先写“八点到十点八点到十点”,再写,再写“每天晚上每天晚上”,所以应写为:,所以应写为:From eight

14、to ten every evening。3 3.The mother told the little boy(不要在街上跑不要在街上跑).【解析】【解析】这句中所考查的是动词这句中所考查的是动词tell的用法,通常为的用法,通常为tell sb to do sth这这种结构。而对不定式表否定,种结构。而对不定式表否定,not直接放在不定式的前面,因直接放在不定式的前面,因此应为此应为not to run in the street。4 4.As soon as(父亲进入房间),父亲进入房间),the children stopped fighting at once.【解析】【解析】句中时间

15、状语从句的引导词已给出,因此只用填句子部分,根句中时间状语从句的引导词已给出,因此只用填句子部分,根据主句中的谓语动词据主句中的谓语动词stopped可以判断应完成部分是一个一般可以判断应完成部分是一个一般过去时。所以可为过去时。所以可为the father entered the room或将或将entered改为改为went into或或came into。5.5.I didn t go to Tom s birthday party(因为他因为他没有邀请我)没有邀请我).【解析】【解析】据分析,需要完成的是一个原因状语从句。从主句中所给的时据分析,需要完成的是一个原因状语从句。从主句中所

16、给的时态态didn t go来判断,从句中的时态应为一般过去时或过去完来判断,从句中的时态应为一般过去时或过去完成时。因此可为成时。因此可为because he didn t invite/hadn t invited me。当然,也可用。当然,也可用since,as来替换来替换because。此句如将句子。此句如将句子写为被动语态的形式也可。写为被动语态的形式也可。【强化训练】【强化训练】1 1.It(没有区别)没有区别)since we have known the result.2 2.Do you know(他如此不开心的原因)他如此不开心的原因)?3 3.He was told(不要

17、在河边玩耍)不要在河边玩耍).【答案答案】makes no difference【答案答案】the reason why he was so sad/unhappy【答案答案】not to play by the river4 4.It(我花费了一小时完成)我花费了一小时完成)the homework given by our English teacher.5 5.She wants to make it clear(会议是会议是否被推迟)否被推迟).6.6.He(看起来像)看起来像)his father.【答案答案】looks like【答案答案】takes me an hour to f

18、inish 【答案答案】whether the meeting has been put off/whether the meeting will be put off7.7.(浏览)浏览)this book and tell me what you think of it.8.8.He is the student(他的父亲是我的他的父亲是我的老师)老师).9 9.It is polite(你这样说)你这样说).【答案答案】of you to say so【答案答案】Look/Go through【答案答案】whose father is my teacher1010.He is unhap

19、py,(我也是)我也是).11.11.He is(盼望)盼望)hearing from his mother.1212.Can you tell me(我怎样能到广州)我怎样能到广州)?【答案答案】how I can get to Guangzhou【答案答案】so am I【答案答案】looking forward to 13.13.When he heard the bad news,he (忍不忍不住哭了)住哭了).14.14.Is this the park(他三年前去过的)他三年前去过的)?15.15.You will enjoy(学习使用新电脑)学习使用新电脑).【答案答案】lea

20、rning to use the new computer seen【答案答案】couldn t help crying【答案答案】where he went 3 3 years ago1616.He is young.(换句话说),换句话说),he has a bright future before him.17.17.They kept the lights(整夜亮着)整夜亮着).1818.It remains to be a question(它它是否对我们有害)是否对我们有害).【答案答案】whether it does harm to us【答案答案】In other words

21、【答案答案】burning on all the night1919.The prisoner(毫不费力气地从警察毫不费力气地从警察手中逃掉了)手中逃掉了)from the police.2020.Have you seen the new(零件小得零件小得看不见的机器)看不见的机器)?【答案答案】have no difficulty in getting away【答案答案】machine whose parts are too small to be seen 2121.I suggest that(我们星期天进行篮我们星期天进行篮球比赛)球比赛).2222.(要是他昨天在这里的话),要是

22、他昨天在这里的话),he would have attended the party.2323.Do you still remember(我们去乡我们去乡下参观农场的那一天吗)下参观农场的那一天吗)?【答案答案】we(should)have a basketball match this Sunday【答案答案】If he had been here yesterday【答案答案】the day when we went to the countryside to visit the farm2424.(听到这个消息),听到这个消息),they all jumped with joy.252

23、5.I ll tell him the news(他一回来)他一回来).2626.I want to know(这本书是否值得这本书是否值得阅读)阅读).【答案答案】On hearing the news【答案答案】as soon as he comes back【答案答案】if/whether the book is worth reading 2727.When he ran into the classroom,he(上上气不接下气)气不接下气).2828.We d rather(你住得离我们远远的)你住得离我们远远的).2929.The couple(过幸福的生活)过幸福的生活)aft

24、er they got married.【答案答案】was out of breath【答案答案】you lived far from us【答案答案】lived a happy life3030.She is the prettiest girl(我曾经我曾经见过的)见过的).3131.(19931993的秋天)的秋天)he left New York University and came to China.32.32.I had never before seen(像他那像他那么高的男子)么高的男子).【答案答案】that I have ever seen【答案答案】In the aut

25、umn of 1993 1993【答案答案】such a tall man as he3333.(那天当我到达大学时),那天当我到达大学时),I found her seated in the large room.34.34.(必须使每一个人懂得)必须使每一个人懂得)honesty is the most important thing.3535.We completed the work(提前五天)提前五天).【答案答案】When I arrived at the university that day/Arriving at the university that day【答案答案】Ev

26、eryone must be made to understand that【答案答案】five days ahead of time3636.When I entered the classroom,I saw them(正在和一个外国人谈话)正在和一个外国人谈话).3737.Mary went to American(她出生的)她出生的).38.38.(到目前为止),到目前为止),I haven t received his letter.【答案答案】talking with a foreigner【答案答案】where she was born/which she was born in

27、【答案答案】So far39.39.He(救了我的命)救了我的命)the day before yesterday.4040.I will answer his phone(无论我无论我多忙)多忙).【答案答案】saved my life【答案答案】however busy I am4141.New things are(充满生命)充满生命)and nothing can stop their developing.4242.There is something wrong with my TV set.I must(叫人检查一下)叫人检查一下).4343.His speech was so

28、exciting that most of the people(深受感动)深受感动).【答案答案】full of life【答案答案】have it checked【答案答案】were greatly/much moved44.44.Our life has become better and better(随着科学的发展)随着科学的发展).4545.She was so shy that(她从不敢向她从不敢向陌生人问路)陌生人问路).4646.He is very tired.(让他休息几分钟让他休息几分钟吧)吧).【答案答案】with the development of science

29、【答案答案】she dared not(didn t dare to)ask strangers the way【答案答案】Let him have a few minutes rest4747.We will go and visit the museum(即即使明天下雨)使明天下雨).4848.(越来越多的外国人)越来越多的外国人)like to come here to do business with us.4949.The girl(你刚才跟她交谈的)你刚才跟她交谈的)is a friend of mine.【答案答案】even if it rains tomorrow【答案答案】M

30、ore and more foreigners【答案答案】that/whom/who you talked with just now5050.They saw the film on TV,(我我们也是如此)们也是如此).5151.(真遗憾)真遗憾)that you missed the wonderful performance last night.5252.After all exams,we(急于知道急于知道结果)结果).【答案答案】so did we【答案答案】It s a pity【答案答案】were anxious to know the result5353.We will

31、start out on time(即使明即使明天下雨)天下雨).5454.He(被阻止)被阻止)doing such a silly thing.55.55.(你所需要的)你所需要的)is more practice.【答案答案】even if it rains tomorrow【答案答案】was prevented/stopped/kept from【答案答案】What you need56.56.How I wish(我能年轻十岁)我能年轻十岁).57.57.The chair is(坐上去很舒服)坐上去很舒服).5858.Don t(浪费时间和他谈话)浪费时间和他谈话).He won

32、t listen.【答案答案】I were ten years younger【答案答案】comfortable to sit on/in【答案答案】waste time talking with him5959.The Third World(由由组成)组成)more than one hundred countries.6060.Whether we will go camping tomorrow(由天气而定)由天气而定).【答案答案】is made up of【答案答案】depends on the weather6161.The number of milu deer(将大大将大大增

33、加)增加).6262.(不是所有的学生)不是所有的学生)are interested in English study.6363.The foreign teacher(跟我们讲话跟我们讲话的)的)is from America.【答案答案】will increase greatly【答案答案】Not all the students【答案答案】who is/was talking with us OR:who talked to us6464.We(正尽力使得)正尽力使得)our country richer and stronger.6565.She(因因闻名)闻名)her fine ac

34、ting.6666.(到到结束的时候)结束的时候)last month we had learned 5000 words.【答案答案】are doing/trying our best to make【答案答案】is famous for【答案答案】By the end of67.67.When the boy ran here and there,his mother(在寻找他)在寻找他).6868.He(遵守诺言)遵守诺言)and said nothing about it.69.69.It remains to be proved(这个计这个计划是否有用)划是否有用).【答案答案】wa

35、s looking for him【答案答案】kept his promise【答案答案】whether this plan is useful or not7070.Is it the reason(为什么他拒绝了为什么他拒绝了我们的帮助)我们的帮助)?7171.(只有通过努力)只有通过努力)can you pass the exam.7272.We are looking forward to(再次再次参观北京的名胜)参观北京的名胜).【答案答案】why he refused our help【答案答案】Only by working hard【答案答案】visiting the plac

36、es of interest in Beijing again7373.Plants grow well(在有充足阳光在有充足阳光和水的地方)和水的地方).74.74.Had you followed his advice,(你就能按时完成这项工作)你就能按时完成这项工作).75.75.The doctor(下星期一将要出国的)下星期一将要出国的)is now talking with one of the patients.【答案答案】where there are enough sunshine and water【答案答案】you would have finished the work

37、 on time【答案答案】who will go abroad next Monday7676.He was made(遵守这些规则)遵守这些规则).7777.I wonder(你打算去哪度假)你打算去哪度假).78.78.I(担心你的安全)担心你的安全)in such weather.【答案答案】to follow these rules【答案答案】where you are going to spend your holiday【答案答案】was worried about your safety7979.He talks(好像他就是这本书的作者)好像他就是这本书的作者).8080.(因

38、为他对我家所作的一切),因为他对我家所作的一切),I can t forgive him.81.81.Can you lend me(前几天你们谈论前几天你们谈论的小说)的小说)?【答案答案】as if he were the writer of the book【答案答案】Because of what he did to my family【答案答案】the novel you were talking about several days ago8282.The price of electricity is(比十年比十年前要高二倍)前要高二倍).8383.There is no dou

39、bt(他将获得第一他将获得第一名)名).84.84.They worked hard(为了能提前完为了能提前完成工作)成工作).【答案答案】two times higher than ten years ago【答案答案】that he will win the first place【答案答案】in order to finish the work ahead of time8585.The important thing is(要决定下要决定下一步我们该做什么)一步我们该做什么).8686.If you want to catch up with the others,you must b

40、e willing to(采取一些行动)采取一些行动).8787.We will go and visit the museum(就算他没空)就算他没空).【答案答案】to decide what we shall do next【答案答案】take some actions【答案答案】even if he is not free8888.There is a window(昨晚被打碎了)昨晚被打碎了).89.89.There aren t enough books,so(你们得合着用)你们得合着用).9090.All the money he had spent on trips that

41、year(总计)总计)more than$10,000.【答案答案】which was broken last night【答案答案】you have to share them with each other【答案答案】added up to9191.He was(尽他可能提供)尽他可能提供)the best service to the patients,but they were not satisfied.9292.He(与与无关)无关)that woman in the corner.9393.They have(下决心)下决心)to do what they promised to

42、 do.【答案答案】trying all he could to offer【答案答案】has nothing to do with【答案答案】made up their mind9494.The old machine is of no use any more.I want to(马上把它淘汰)马上把它淘汰).9595.I met him(偶然)偶然)the day before yesterday.9696.They(允许我们去)允许我们去)Tibet.【答案答案】get rid of it at once【答案答案】get rid of it at once【答案答案】allow us to go to97.97.We(对对感兴趣)感兴趣)vegetables.9898.What(到底,究竟)到底,究竟)do you mean?9999.He told them(不要解决这个问题)不要解决这个问题)in this way.100100.I don t know the novel(由鲁迅由鲁迅所写的)所写的).【答案答案】are interested in【答案答案】on earth【答案答案】not to solve the problem【答案答案】which is written by Luxun/written by Luxun

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