7名词的数和格专项练习.doc

名词的数和格专项练习
一，名词的数
我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：
一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas
二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes
三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：city-cities body-bodies　factory-fctories, baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, dstory-stories
2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways
四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯
五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves
六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese
七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks
八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员
九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers
十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡
十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs
十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

二，名词的格
当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：
一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s
二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节
三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）

三，名词综合练习

一、用括号内词的适当形式填空：
1．There are two________ over there．（watch）
2．I like taking ________．（photo）
3．l can see a _________and two _______ standing there．（man，woman）
4．There are two baskets of__________ on the floor．（apple）
5．You often make a lot of__________ in spelling．（mistake）
6．Look at those_________．（child）
7．This is a__________． Those are three__________．（knife）
8．He doesn't like these_____．（glass）
9．How many _________can you see？（radio）
10．Thirty __________live in this building．（family）．
11. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?
12. There is some________(food) in the basket.
13. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.　
14. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
15. There are five________(people ) in his family.
16. Let's take________(photo), OK?
17. I have lots of________(tomato) here.
18. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.　
19. The________(child) are playing game on the playground now.
20. Their________(dictionary) look new.
31. I see you have a few white________(hair).
32. They are________(woman) doctors.
33. Can you give me some bottles （甁）of ____ (orange), please?
34. There are many________(fox) in the picture.
35. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.

二、选择下列正确答案：
1．A cow has four__________．A． stomachs B． stomaches
2．Three_________ are eating grass．A． sheep B． sheeps
3．Water__________ a kind of matter．A． is B． are
4．Her clothes__________ nearly worn out．A．is B． are
5．No man___________ present．A． is B． are
6．It is I who___________ next．A． am B． is
7．There_________ no water in the glass．A． are B． is
8．Here__________ a blind man．A．comes B． is
9．Physics____________ more difficult than maths．A． is B are
10．Neither Mary nor her sister_______ the party．A． is going to B． are going to
11.I want to buy_______.
A. kilo of meat B. a kilo of meats C. two kilos of meats D. two kilos of meat
12.Our desks and _____are made of ____.
A. chairs; woods B. chairs; wood C. chairs; woods D. chair; wood
13. There are some new books in the school library. They are ____ books.
A. child B. childrens' C. children D. children's
14. I have worn out my shoes, so I want to buy a new ____ .A. pair B. one C. ones D. trousers
15. Meimei's handwriting is better than any other ______ in his class.
A. students B. students C. student's D. students'
16. The hospital is a bit far from here. It's about _______ .
A. forty minutes's walk B. forty minute's walk C. forty minutes walk D. forty minutes' walk
17. How many _____ are there in your class ?A. Japanese B. American C. Australian D. Canadian
18. I found my black cat in_____ room.
A. Jim and Mike B. Jim and Mike's C. Jim's and Mike's D. Jim's and Mike
19. How much are the _____ ?A. bread B. meats. C. potatos D. tomatoes
20. There are many ______ in our school.
A. woman teachers B. woman's teachers C. women teachers D. women's teachers
21. Three months ________ a long time for me.A. is B. are C. have D. has
22. There are ______ and ______ on the table.
A. two boxes cake; four bottle of oranges B. two boxes cake; four bottle of orange
C. two boxes of cakes; four bottles of orange D. two box of cakes; four bottles of oranges

三、翻译
1．每天早上他吃鸡蛋、面包和蔬菜。

2．现在他们正在看一张他们教室的画。

3．下周我们要去看望父亲的叔叔。

4．昨天他点了一块牛排，一个鸡蛋和两杯牛奶。
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