2018年高考新课标全国1卷英语试题及答案解析.doc

完美WORD格式绝密启封前 试卷类型A2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标I）英 语（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）注意事项： 1.本试卷由四个部分组成。其中，第一、二部分和第三部分的第一节为选择题。第三部分的第二节和第四部分为非选择题。2.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。4.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：How much is the shirt? A. 19. 15.B. 9. 18.C. 9. 15.答案是 C。1What does the woman think of the movie?AIts amusing BIts excitingCIts disappointing2How will Susan spend most of her time in France?ATraveling aroundBStudying at a schoolCLooking after her aunt 3What are the speakers talking about?AGoing outBOrdering drinksCPreparing for a party4Where are the speakers?AIn a classroomBIn a library CIn a bookstore5What is the man going to do?AGo on the InternetBMake a phone callCTake a train trip第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6What is the woman looking for?AAn information officeBA police stationCA shoe repair shop7What is the Town Guide according to the man?AA brochureBA newspaperCA map听第7段材料，回答8、9题。8.What does the man say about the restaurant? A.Its the biggest one around. B.It offers many tasty dishes. C. Its famous for its seafood.9.What will the woman probably order? A.Fried fish. B.Roast chicken. C.Beef steak.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Where will Mr. White be at 11 oclock? A.At the office. B.At the airport. C.At the restaurant.11.What will Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon?A.Receive a guest. B.Have a meeting. C.Read a report.12.When will Miss Wilson see Mr. White? A.At lunch time B.Late in the afternoon. C.The next morning.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Why is Bill going to Germany? A.To work on a project. B.To study German. C.To start a new company.14.WhatdidthewomandislikeaboutGermany？A.Theweather. B.Thefood. C.Theschools.15. What does Bill hope to do about his family？A.Bring them to Germany.B.leave them in England.C.Visit them in a few months.16. What is the probable relationship between the speaker?A. fellow-travelersB.Colleagues.C.Classmates.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.When did it rain last time in Juarez?A.Three days ago.B.A month ago.C.A year ago.18. What season is it in Juarez?A.Sping.B.SummerC.Autumn19.What are the elderly advised to do?A.Take a walk in the afternoon.B.Keep their homes cool.C.Drink plenty of water.20.What is the speaker doing?A.Hosting a radio program.B.Conducting a seminar.C.Forecasting the weather.第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。APacific Science Center GuideVisit Pacific Science Centers StoreDont forget to stop by Pacific Science Centers Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome.Hungry Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our caf offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caf is located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes.Rental InformationLockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.Support Pacific Science Center Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. Its an amazing accomplishment and one we connot achive without generous support from individuals, corporations, and other social organizations. Wish pacificorganzier.org to find various ways you can support Pacific Science Center.21.Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center?A.In Building 1.B. In Building 3.C.At the last Dome.D.At the Denny Way entrance.22.What does Pacific Science Center do for schools?A.Train Science teachers.B.Disncie scicnce books.C. Distribute scientific research.D.Take science to the classroom.23.What is the purpose of the last part of the text?A.To encourage donations.B.To advertise coming events.C.To introduce special exhibits.D.To tell about the Centers history.BI work with Volunteers for Wildlife, a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust Valley. Trying to help injured, displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking; survival is never certain. However, when it works, it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in Muttontown. She had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the ground. When I arrived, I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl. It had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine. If I could locate the nest, I might have been able to put it back, but no luck. My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very helpful. A wire basket was found. I put some pine branches into the basket to make this nest safe and comfortable. I placed the chick in the nest, and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents, but they were absent. I gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl chicks. These advertise the presence of chicks to adults; they might also encourage our chick to start calling as well. I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all! The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the recordings. I drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and active. And it was accompanied in the nest by zxxk the greatest sight of all LUNCH! The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.24.What is unavoidable in the authors rescue work according to paragraph 1?A.Effortsmadeinvain.B.Gettinginjuredinhiswork.C.Feelinguncertainabouthisfuture.D.Creaturesforcedoutoftheirhomes.25.WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?A.Torescueawoman.B.Totakecareofawoman.C.Tolookatababyowl.D.Tocureayoungowl.26.Whatmadethechickcalmdown?A.Anewnest.B.Somefood.C.Arecording.D.Itsparents.27.Howwouldtheauthorfeelabouttheoutcomeoftheevent?A.Itsunexpected.B.Itsbeautiful.C.Itshumorous.D.Itsdiscouraging.CSome of the worlds most famous musicians recently gathered in Paris and New Orleans to celebrate the first annual International Jazz Day. UNESCO( United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) recently set April 30 as a day to raise awareness of jazz music, its significance, and its potential as a unifying(联合) voice across cultures.Despite the celebrations, though, in the U.S. the jazz audience continues to shrink and grow older, and the music has failed to connect with younger generations.Its Jason Morans job to help change that. As the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture.“Jazz seems like its not really a part of the American appetite,” Moran tells National Public Radios reporter Neal Conan. “What Im hoping to accomplish is that my generation and younger start to reconsider and understand that jazz is not black and write anymore. Its actually color, and its actually digital.”Moran says one of the problems with jazz today is that the entertainment aspect of the music has been lost. “The music cant be presented today the way it was in 1908 or 1958. It has to continue to move, because the way the world works is not the same,” says Moran.Last year, Moran worked on a project that arranged Fats Wallers music for a dance party, “Just to kind of put it back in the mind that Waller is dance music as much as it is concert music,” says Moran. “For me, its the recontextualization. In music, where does the emotion(情感) lie? Are we, as humans, gaining any insight(感悟) on how to talk about ourselves and how something as abstract as a Charlie Parker record gets us into a dialogue about our emotions and our thoughts? Sometimes we lose sight that the music has a wider context,” says Moran, “so I want to continue those dialogues. Those are the things I want to foster.”28Why did UNESCO set April 30 as International Jazz Day?ATo remember the birth of jazz.BTo protect cultural diversity.CTo encourage people to study music.DTo recognize the value of jazz.29What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?AJazz becoming more accessible.BThe production of jazz growing faster.CJazz being less popular with the young.DThe jazz audience becoming larger. 30What can we infer about Morans opinion on jazz?AIt will disappear gradually.BIt remains black and white.CIt should keep up with the times.DIt changes every 50 years.31Which of the following can be the best title for the text?AExploring the Future of Jazz.BThe Rise and Fall of Jazz.CThe Story of a Jazz Musician.DCelebrating the Jazz Day.DA buld-it-yourself solar still（蒸馏器） is one of the best ways to obtain drinking water in areas where the liquid is not readily available. Developed by two doctors in the U.S. Department of Agriculture, its an excellent water collector. Unfortunately, you must carry the necessary equipment with you, since its all but impossible to find natural substitutes. The only components required, though, are a 5 5 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a container perhaps just a drinking cup to catch the water. These pieces can be folded into a neat little pack and fastened on your belt. To construct a working still, use a sharp stick or rock to dig a hole four feet across and three feet deep. Try to make the hole in a damp area to increase the water catchers productivity. Place your cup in the deepest part of the hole. Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup and the rest of the line runs up and out the side of the hole. Next, cover the hole with the plastic sheet, securing the edges of the plastic with dirt and weighting the sheets center down with a rock. The plastic should now form a cone(圆锥体) with 45-degree-angled sides. The low point of the sheet must be centered directly over, and no more than three inches above, the cup. The solar still works by creating a greenhouse under the plastic. Ground water evaporates (蒸发) and collects on the sheet until small drops of water form, run down the material and fall off into the cup. When the container is full, you can suck the refreshment zxxk out through the tube, and wont have to break down the still every time you need a drink. 32. What do we know about the solar still equipment from the first paragraph?A. Its delicate. B. Its expensive.C. Its complex. D. Its portable.33. What does the underlined phrase “the water catcher” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. The tube. B. The still.C. The hole. D. The cup.34. Whats the last step of constructing a working solar still?A. Dig a hole of a certain size. B. Put the cup in place.C. Weight the sheets center down. D. Cover the hole with the plastic sheet.35. When a solar still works, drops of water come into the cup form .A. the plastic tube B. outside the holeC. the open air D. beneath the sheet第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。If anyone had told me three years ago that I would be spending most of my weekends camping. I would have laughed heartily. Campers, in my eyes, were people who enjoyed insect bites, ill-cooked meals, and uncomfortable sleeping bags. They had nothing in common with me. 36 .The friends who introduced me to camping thought that it meant to be a pioneer. 37 We sleep in a tent, cooked over an open fire, and walked a long distance to take the shower and use the bathroom. This brief visit with Mother Nature cost me two days off from work, recovering from a bad case of sunburn and the doctors bill for my sons food poisoning.I was, nevertheless, talked into going on another fun-filled holiday in the wilderness. 38 Instead, we had a pop-up camper with comfortable beds and an air conditioner. My nature-loving friends had remembered to bring all the necessities of life. 39 We have done a lot of it since. Recently, we bought a twenty-eight-foot travel trailer complete with a bathroom and a built-in TV set. There is a separate bedroom, a modern kitchen with a refrigerator. The trailer even has matching carpet and curtains. 40 It must be true that sooner or later, everyone finds his or her way back to nature. I recommend that you find your way in style.AThistimetherewasnotent.BThingsaregoingtobeimproved.CThetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.DIwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.EImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping. F. After the trip, my family became quite interested in camping.G. There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall. 第三部分语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面的短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this 41 process and found something that has changed my 42 at college for the better:I discovered ASL-American Sign Language(美式手语).I never felt an urge to 43 any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The 44 languages were enough in all my interactions(交往).Little did I know that I would discover my 45 for ASL.The 46 began during my first week at college. I watched as the ASL Club 47 their translation o