五年高考真题语法填空专题省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

第1页一、一、语法填空考查范围：语法填空考查范围：1语境(上下文）；2语法：动词（时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式）、名词、代词、冠词、介词、连词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。第2页.语法填空题语法填空题空格设计空格设计纯空格纯空格有有提提醒醒词词给出了动词试题给出了动词试题词类词义转换题词类词义转换题1谓语动词（时态和语态、语气）谓语动词（时态和语态、语气）2非谓语动词非谓语动词3词类转换词类转换名词名词:单复数、全部格、词性转换单复数、全部格、词性转换形容词形容词/副词：比较级或最高级、词性或词义转换副词：比较级或最高级、词性或词义转换代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词数词：基数词、序数词数词：基数词、序数词（注意：词形改变类，词性不一定要变有可能考（注意：词形改变类，词性不一定要变有可能考查与词根意义相反派生词：查与词根意义相反派生词：un-,im-,in-,-less）1代词代词it或其它代词或其它代词2连词或从句引导词连词或从句引导词3介词或表逻辑关系副词介词或表逻辑关系副词4冠词冠词(a/an/the/)5情态动词，强调助动词等情态动词，强调助动词等6特殊句式：强调句型特殊句式：强调句型itisthat;therebe句型；感叹句型句型；感叹句型howwhat;倒装句型倒装句型第3页知识贮备：知识贮备：各种词类和句子成份各种词类和句子成份时态和语态时态和语态谓语和非谓语谓语和非谓语虚拟语气虚拟语气特殊句式特殊句式简单句、并列句、复合句简单句、并列句、复合句(三大从句三大从句)第4页二、语法填空能力要求：二、语法填空能力要求：1.阅读/了解语篇能力2.分析句子结构能力3.熟练利用语法能力4.单词拼写能力和逻辑推理能力等，对中下层考生来说，难度较大。第5页三、三、重点复习：重点复习：掌握句子基本结构和词法基础、时态语态、非谓语动词、三大从句掌握句子基本结构和词法基础、时态语态、非谓语动词、三大从句首先，我们必须熟练掌握简单句基本句型结构：首先，我们必须熟练掌握简单句基本句型结构：（1）主语主语+系动词系动词+表语表语（2）主语主语+谓语谓语（3）主语）主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语（4）主语）主语+谓语谓语+双宾语双宾语（5）主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语+宾补宾补其次，我们要充分了解充当各个其次，我们要充分了解充当各个句子成份句子成份经典词类：经典词类：（1）充当主语或宾语经典词类是名词或代词。另外，还有动名词、不定式短语等。充当主语或宾语经典词类是名词或代词。另外，还有动名词、不定式短语等。（2）充当谓语一定是动词。充当谓语一定是动词。（3）充当补语或表语经典词类是形容词充当补语或表语经典词类是形容词、名词、介词短语。、名词、介词短语。（4）在名词前作定语经典词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。在名词前作定语经典词类是形容词或形容词性物主代词。（5）作状语经典词类是副词作状语经典词类是副词再次，我们还要掌握句子扩展结构：两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要再次，我们还要掌握句子扩展结构：两个或几个简单句之间若不用句号或分号，就必须要用连词，不然句子结构就不完整。连词主要有以下四类：用连词，不然句子结构就不完整。连词主要有以下四类：（1）用用and,but,or,while(而，却而，却)，when（就在这个时候）等组成（就在这个时候）等组成并列句并列句。（2）用用if,unless,before,after,until,although,though,as,since,because,so,sothat等组成含等组成含状语从句状语从句复合句（这里要注意区分一下复杂句和复合句，复合句（这里要注意区分一下复杂句和复合句，复合句复合句是带有从句是带有从句句子）。句子）。（3）用用who,which,that,when,where,why等组成含等组成含定语从句定语从句复合句。（这里要提复合句。（这里要提醒考生是往往不给任何提醒空就是填连词或关系词，但也须结合句子结构来分析。）醒考生是往往不给任何提醒空就是填连词或关系词，但也须结合句子结构来分析。）（4）用用that,if/whether(是否是否)，wh-等组成含等组成含名词性从句名词性从句复合句。复合句。第6页1有提醒词。主要是动词、形容词、副词以及名词 动词需要注意动词时态、语态、人称和数改变、非谓语动词，虚拟语气。有时可能出现多点综合，如will be built,has been built;形容词和副词相互转换及比较级利用；名词单复数，或依据句法要求所进行各类词类之间变换等2无提醒词。主要是冠词、介词、代词、连接词、情态动词。首先，要分析句子结构，依据句子结构所缺成份确定是哪类词。然后，依据全文大意和上下文逻辑关系来确定什么词。第7页二、真题公布（全国课标卷I）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdonthavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63_(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycantmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin66showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise.itsprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉)，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyanditsalways69(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.第8页二、真题公布（全国课标卷I）Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdonthavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63_(die)earlybyrunning.Whilerunningregularlycantmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin66showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise.itsprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉)，avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyanditsalways69(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.61.longer.62.tosee63.dying64.is65.than66.that/which67.causes68.strengthen69.energetic70.it/running第9页二、真题公布（全国课标卷II）DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since,thecountry61_(grow)morecornthanrice。Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover_62_past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.Atasteformeatis63_(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64_(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater_65_riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66_(pollute)inthecountrysmajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67_(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetweenwhenthegovernment68_(start)asoil-testingprogram69_givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmersand,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70_(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.第10页二、真题公布（全国课标卷II）DietshavechangedinChina-andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since,thecountry61_(grow)morecornthanrice。Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover_62_past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.61.hasgrown62.the63.actually64.toimproveAtasteformeatis63_(actual)behindthechange:Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcornsrise:Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64_(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater_65_riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66_(pollute)inthecountrysmajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.65.than66.pollution67.global68.startedAccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67_(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetweenwhenthegovernment68_(start)asoil-testingprogram69_givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmersand,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70_(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebanksJuergenVoegele.69.that/which70.feeding第11页二、真题公布（全国课标卷III）Imnotsure61ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.ImwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,Imface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeel65(challenge).MynameisMireyaMayor.Ima66(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching67thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasIdbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind68(they)alive.Truetogorillasunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69(mean)norealharm.Hewasjustsaying:“Imkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!”Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70(stay)andwatch.第12页二、真题公布（全国课标卷III）Imnotsure61ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.ImwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,Imface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesntfeel65(challenge).61.who62.the63.loudest64.looking65.challengedMynameisMireyaMayor.Ima66(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching67thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasIdbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind68(they)alive.Truetogorillasunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69(mean)norealharm.Hewasjustsaying:“Imkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!”Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70(stay)andwatch.66.scientist67.for68.them69.meant70.tostay第13页二、真题公布（全国课标卷I）Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdiseasetheverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.第14页二、真题公布（全国课标卷I）Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity（医学界）61amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside62(effect)suchasoverweightandheartdiseasetheverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired63(process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt64(remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As65result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even66(bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood67(be)fulloffatandsalt;by68(eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be69(care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth,70isnotgoodforthehealth.61.as62.effects63.toprocess64.areremoved65.a66.worse67.is68.eating69.careful 70.which第15页二、真题公布（全国课标卷I）Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asiasbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop_61_(attract).Soitwasagreathonortobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I_62_（allow）togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe_63_(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback_64_mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_65_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter_66_(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude_67_(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_68_(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew_69_(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,_70_otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.第16页二、真题公布（全国课标卷I）Chengduhasdozensofnewmillionaires,Asiasbiggestbuilding,andfancynewhotels.Butfortouristslikeme,pandasareitstop_61_(attract).Soitwasagreathonortobeinvitedbackstageatthenot-for-profitPandaBase,whereticketmoneyhelpspayforresearch.I_62_（allow）togetupclosetothesecuteanimalsatthe600-acrecentre.Fromtomorrow,IwillbetheirUKambassador.Thetitlewillbe_63_(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.Butmyconnectionwithpandasgoesback_64_mydaysonaTVshowinthemid-1980s,_65_IwasthefirstWesternTVreporter_66_(permit)tofilmaspecialunitcaringforpandasrescuedfromstarvationinthewild.Myambassadorialdutieswillinclude_67_(introduce)Britishvisitorstothe120-pluspandasatChengduandothersataresearchinthemistymountainsofBifengxia.Onmyrecentvisit,Iheldalivelythree-month-oldtwinthathadbeenrejectedby_68_(it)mother.Thenurseryteamswitcheshimeveryfew_69_(day)withhissistersothatwhileoneisbeingbottle-fed,_70_otheriswithmum-sheneversuspects.61.attraction62.wasallowed63.officially64.to65.when66.permitted67.introducing68.its69.days70.the第17页二、真题公布（全国课标卷II）Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof41(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeelarealsenseof42(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow43(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused44ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive45possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent46(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks47(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor48while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,youllbelesslikely49(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanything-gardening,cooking,music,sportsbutwhateveritis,50(make)sureitsarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.第18页二、真题公布（全国课标卷II）Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof41(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeelarealsenseof42(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow43(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused44ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive45possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent46(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks47(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor48while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,youllbelesslikely49(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanythinggardening,cooking,music,sportsbutwhateveritis,50(make)sureitsarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.41.greater42.achievement43.is44.on45.as45.studies46.regularly48.a49.tobring50.make第19页二、真题公布（全国课标卷II）Ifyoufeelstressedbyresponsibilitiesatwork,youshouldtakeastepbackandidentify(识别)thoseof41(great)andlessimportance.Then,handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyoullfeelarealsenseof42(achieve).Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow43(be)oftenacceptable.Mostofusaremorefocused44ourtasksinthemorningthanwearelaterintheday.So,getanearlystartandtrytobeasproductive45possiblebeforelunch.Thiswillgiveyoutheconfidenceyouneedtogetyouthroughtheafternoonandgohomefeelingaccomplished.Recent46(study)showthatwearefarmoreproductiveatworkifwetakeshortbreaks47(regular).Giveyourbodyandbrainarestbysteppingoutsidefor48while,exercising,ordoingsomethingyouenjoy.Ifyoufindsomethingyoulovedoingoutsideoftheoffice,youllbelesslikely49(bring)yourworkhome.Itcouldbeanythinggardening,cooking,music,sportsbutwhateveritis,50(make)sureitsarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.41.greater42.achievement43.is44.on45.as45.studies46.regularly48.a49.tobring50.makeTheyhavewonfiveprizesinthecompetition,makingthemthebestteam.第20页二、真题公布（全国课标卷III）InmuchofAsia,especiallytheso-called“ricebowl”culturesofChina,Japan,Korea,41Vietnam,foodisusuallyeatenwithchopsticks.Chopsticksareusuallytwolong,thinpiecesofwoodorbamboo.Theycanalsobemadeofplastic,animalboneormetal.Sometimeschopsticksarequitea