管理学英语词汇.docx

管理学英语词汇(1)目标 mission/ objective集体目标 group objective内部环境 internal environment外部环境 external environment计划 planning组织 organizing人事 staffing领导 leading控制 controlling步骤 process原理 principle方法 technique经理 manager总经理 general manager行政人员 administrator主管人员 supervisor企业 enterprise商业 business产业 industry公司 company效果 effectiveness效率 efficiency企业家 entrepreneur权利 power职权 authority职责 responsibility科学管理 scientific management现代经营管理 modern operational management行为科学 behavior science生产率 productivity激励 motivate动机 motive法律 law法规 regulation经济体系 economic system管理职能 managerial function产品 product管理学必备英语词汇服务 service利润 profit满意 satisfaction归属 affiliation尊敬 esteem自我实现 selfactualization人力投入 human input盈余 surplus收入 income成本 cost资本货物 capital goods机器 machinery设备 equipment建筑 building存货 inventory(2）经验法 the empirical approach人际行为法 the interpersonal behavior approach集体行为法 the group behavior approach协作社会系统法 the cooperative social systems approach社会技术系统法 the social-technical systems approach决策理论法 the decision theory approach数学法 the mathematical approach系统法 the systems approach随机制宜法 the contingency approach管理任务法 the managerial roles approach经营法 the operational approach人际关系 human relation心理学 psychology态度 attitude压力 pressure冲突 conflict招聘 recruit鉴定 appraisal选拔 select培训 train报酬 compensation授权 delegation of authority协调 coordinate业绩 performance考绩制度 merit system管理学必备英语词汇表现 behavior下级 subordinate偏差 deviation检验记录 inspection record误工记录 record of labor-hours lost销售量 sales volume产品质量 quality of products先进技术 advanced technology顾客服务 customer service策略 strategy结构 structure(3)领先性 primacy普遍性 pervasiveness忧虑 fear忿恨 resentment士气 morale解雇 layoff批发 wholesale零售 retail程序 procedure规则 rule规划 program预算 budget共同作用 synergy大型联合企业 conglomerate资源 resource购买 acquisition增长目标 growth goal专利产品 proprietary product竞争对手 rival晋升 promotion管理决策 managerial decision商业道德 business ethics有竞争力的价格 competitive price供货商 supplier小贩 vendor利益冲突 conflict of interests派生政策 derivative policy开支帐户 expense account批准程序 approval procedure病假 sick leave休假 vacation工时 labor-hour机时 machine-hour资本支出 capital outlay现金流量 cash flow工资率 wage rate税收率 tax rate股息 dividend现金状况 cash position资金短缺 capital shortage总预算 overall budget资产负债表 balance sheet可行性 feasibility投入原则 the commitment principle投资回报 return on investment生产能力 capacity to produce实际工作者 practitioner最终结果 end result业绩 performance个人利益 personal interest福利 welfare市场占有率 market share创新 innovation生产率 productivity利润率 profitability社会责任 public responsibility董事会 board of director组织规模 size of the organization组织文化 organizational culture目标管理 management by objectives评价工具 appraisal tool激励方法 motivational techniques控制手段 control device个人价值 personal worth优势 strength弱点 weakness机会 opportunity威胁 threat个人责任 personal responsibility顾问 counselor定量目标 quantitative objective定性目标 qualitative objective可考核目标 verifiable objective优先 priority工资表 payroll（4）策略 strategy政策 policy灵活性 discretion多种经营 diversification评估 assessment一致性 consistency应变策略 consistency strategy公共关系 public relation价值 value抱负 aspiration偏见 prejudice审查 review批准 approval主要决定 major decision分公司总经理 division general manager资产组合距阵 portfolio matrix明星 star问号 question mark现金牛 cash cow赖狗 dog采购 procurement人口因素 demographic factor地理因素 geographic factor公司形象 company image产品系列 product line合资企业 joint venture破产政策 liquidation strategy紧缩政策 retrenchment strategy战术 tactics（5）追随 followership个性 individuality性格 personality安全 safety自主权 latitude悲观的 pessimistic静止的 static乐观的 optimistic动态的 dynamic灵活的 flexible抵制 resistance敌对 antagonism折中 eclectic(6）激励 motivation潜意识 subconscious地位 status情感 affection欲望 desire压力 pressure满足 satisfaction自我实现的需要 needs for self-actualization尊敬的需要 esteem needs归属的需要 affiliation needs安全的需要 security needs生理的需要 physiological needs维持 maintenance保健 hygiene激励因素 motivator概率 probability强化理论 reinforcement theory反馈 feedback奖金 bonus股票期权 stock option劳资纠纷 labor dispute缺勤率 absenteeism人员流动 turnover奖励 reward(7）特许经营 franchise热诚 zeal信心 confidence鼓舞 inspire要素 ingredient忠诚 loyalty奉献 devotion作风 style品质 trait适应性 adaptability进取性 aggressiveness热情 enthusiasm毅力 persistence人际交往能力 interpersonal skills行政管理能力 administrative ability智力 intelligence专制式领导 autocratic leader民主式领导 democratic leader自由放任式领导 freerein leader管理方格图 the managerial grid工作效率 work efficiency服从 obedience领导行为 leader behavior支持型领导 supportive leadership参与型领导 participative leadership指导型领导 instrumental leadership成就取向型领导 achievement-oriented leadership汉语新难词英译保险业the insurance industry保证重点指出ensure funding for priority areas补发拖欠的养老金 clear up pension payments in arrears不良贷款nonperforming loan层层转包和违法分包multilevel contracting and illegal subcontracting城乡信用社credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas城镇居民最低生活保障a minimum standard of living for city residents城镇职工医疗保障制度the system of medical insurance for urban workers出口信贷export credit贷款质量loan quality贷款质量五级分类办法the fivecategory assets classification for bank loans防范和化解金融风险take precautions against and reduce financial risks防洪工程floodprevention project非法外汇交易illegal foreign exchange transaction非贸易收汇foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels非银行金融机构nonbank financial institutions费改税transform administrative fees into taxes跟踪审计follow-up auditing工程监理制度the monitoring system for projects国有资产安全the safety of stateowned assets过度开垦excess reclamation合同管理制度the contract system for governing projects积极的财政政策proactive fiscal policy基本生活费basic allowance解除劳动关系sever labor relation金融监管责任制the responsibility system for financial supervision经济安全economic security靠扩大财政赤字搞建设to increase the deficit to spend more on development扩大国内需求the expansion of domestic demand拉动经济增长fuel economic growth粮食仓库grain depot粮食收购企业grain collection and storage enterprise粮食收购资金实行封闭运行 closed operation of grain purchase funds粮食销售市场 grain sales market劣质工程 shoddy engineering乱收费、乱摊派、乱罚款 arbitrary charges， fund-raising, quotas and fines骗汇、逃汇、套汇 obtain foreign currency under false pretenses, not turn over foreign owed to the government and illegal arbitrage融资渠道 financing channels商业信贷原则 the principles for commercial credit社会保险机构 social security institution失业保险金 unemployment insurance benefits偷税、骗税、逃税、抗税 tax evasion, tax fraud and refusal to pay taxes外汇收支 foreign exchange revenue and spending安居工程housing project for lowincome urban residents信息化informationbased； informationization智力密集型 concentration of brain power； Knowledge-intensive外资企业 overseasfunded enterprises下岗职工laidoff workers分流reposition of redundant personnel三角债chain debts素质教育education for all-round development豆腐渣工程jerry-built projects社会治安情况lawand-order situation民族国家nation state“*” ”independence of Taiwan”台湾当局Taiwan authorities台湾同胞Taiwan compatriots台湾是中国领土不可分割的一部分。Taiwan is an inalienable part of the Chinese territory.西部大开发Development of the West Regions可持续性发展sustainable development风险投资 risk investment通货紧缩 deflation扩大内需to expand domestic demand计算机辅助教学computerassisted instruction（ CAI )网络空间 cyberspace虚拟现实virtual reality网民 netizen （ net citizen ）电脑犯罪computer crime电子商务the ebusiness网上购物shopping online应试教育 exam-oriented education学生减负 to reduce study load人力资源管理词汇”以人为本”的价值观 Peoplefirst valuesX理论 Theory XY理论 Theory Y艾德加?施恩 Edgar Schein案例研究方法 Case study method罢工 Strikes班组 Team or group保护圈 Rings of defense保险福利 Insurance benefits报酬因素 Compensable factor抱怨 Grievance抱怨程序 Grievance procedure比率分析 Ratio analysis闭厂 Lockout标准工时工资 Standard hour plan病假 Sick leave补充报酬福利 Supplement pay benefits补充失业福利 Supplemental unemployment benefits不安全环境 Unsafe conditions不安全行为 Unsafe acts不服从 Insubordination不正当劳工活动罢工 Unfair labor practice strike参与式激励计划 Attendance incentive plan尝试阶段 Trial sub stage敞开门户 Open-door成长阶段 Growth stage程序化教学 Programmed learning初级董事会 Junior board储蓄计划 Savings plan传讯 Citations戴维斯佩根法案 DavisBacon Act (DBA)担保公司 Guarantee corporation弹性福利计划 Flexible benefits programs弹性工作地点 Flex place弹性工作时间 Flextime等级 Grades等级说明书 Grade description地方劳动力市场 Local market conditions第三方介入 Thirdparty involvement调查 Fact-finder调查反馈 Survey feedback调解 Mediation方格训练 Grid training非定向面试 Nondirective interview非法谈判项目 Illegal bargaining弗雷德里克?泰罗 Frederick Taylor福利 Benefits高龄给付 Golden offerings个人偏见 Bias个人退休账户 Individual retirement account （IRA) 工厂关闭法 Plant Closing law工资等级 Pay grade工资率系列 Rate ranges工资曲线 Wage carve工作分析 Job analysis工作分组 Job sharing工作公告 Job posting工作绩效分析 Performance analysis工作绩效评价面谈 Performance Appraisal interview工作轮换 Job rotation工作描述 Job description工作申请表 Application forms工作说明书 Job specifications工作替换/临时解雇程序 Bumping/layoff procedures工作样本 Work samples工作样本技术 Work sampling technique工作指导培训 Job instruction training (JIT) 公平工资法 Equal Pay Act公平劳动标准法案 Fair Labor Standards Act公平日工作 Fair days work功能性工作分析法 Functional job analysis股票期权 Stock option固定福利 Defined benefit固定缴款 Defined contribution雇员参与计划 Worker involvement雇员持股计划 Employee stock ownership plan （ESOP) 雇员服务福利 Employee services benefits雇员福利 Workers benefits雇员上岗引导 Employee orientation雇员退休收入保障法案 Employee Retirement Income Security Act (ERISA) 关键事件法 Critical incident method管理方格训练 Management grid管理过程 Management process管理竞赛 Management game管理评价中心 Management assessment center归类（或分级）法 Classification （or grading) method耗竭 Burnout候选人次序错误 Candidate-order error怀孕歧视法案 Pregnancy discrimination act基准职位 Benchmark job绩效工资 Merit pay绩效加薪 Merit raise绩效评价标准不清 Unclear performance standards激励计划 Incentive plan集体谈判 Collective bargaining计件 Piecework计算机化预测 Computerized forecast纪律 Discipline健康维持组织 Health maintenance organization (HMO） 僵持 Impasse讲出来! Speak up! 交替排序法 Alternation ranking method角色扮演 Role playing接班计划 Succession planning结构化面试 Structured interview解雇；开除 Dismissal解雇；终止 Termination经济罢工 Economic strike精简 Downsizing居中趋势 Central tendency科学管理 Scientific management可比价值 Comparable worth可变报酬 Variable compensation劳工部工作分析法 Department of Labor job analysis类 Classes离职金 Severance pay离职面谈 Exit interviews利润分享计划 Profit-sharing plan联合抵制 Boycott临时解雇 Layoff临时性工作分担 Work sharing领导者匹配训练 Leader attach training每周4天工作制 Fourday workweek民权法 Civil Rights Act敏感性训练 Sensitivity training目标管理法 Management by objectives （MBO） 内容效度 Content validity年终分红 Annual bonus排序法 Ranking method培训 Training配对比较法 Paired comparison method偏紧/偏松 Strictness/leniency评价面试 Appraisal interview期望图表 Expectancy chart企业内部开发中心 In-house development center强制分布法 Forced distribution method强制谈判项目 Mandatory bargaining情境面试 Situational interview趋势分析 Trend analysis确立阶段 Establishment stage人际关系心理分析 Transactional analysis （TA) 人事(或人力资源）管理 Personnel (or human resource) management人事调配图 Personnel replacement charts任务分析 Task analysis日常集体谈判 Dayto-day-collective bargaining散点分析 Scatter plot社会保障 Social security失业保险 Unemployment insurance实验 Experimentation收益分享 Gain sharing斯坎伦计划 Scallion plan随意终止 Termination at will谈话；面谈 Interviews探索阶段 Exploration stage特别保护权 Vesting特殊的管理开发技术 Special management development techniques特殊奖励 Special awards提前退休窗口 Early retirement window同情罢工 Sympathy strike图尺度评价法 Graphic rating scale团队建设 Team building团体人寿保险 Group life insurance团体退休金计划 Group pension plan退休 Retirement退休福利 Retirement benefits退休金福利 Pension benefits退休金计划 Pension plans退休前咨询 Retirement counseling维持阶段 Maintenance stage维罗姆耶顿领导能力训练 VroomYetton leadership trainman稳定阶段 Stabilization sub stage无保证终身解雇 Lifetime employment without guarantees系列化面试 Serialized interview下降阶段 Decline stage现场工人日记/日志 Participant diary/logs现实冲击 Reality shock向外安置顾问 Outplacement counseling小组面试 Panel interview效标效度 Criterion validity效度 Validity新雇员培训或模拟 Vestibule or simulated training薪资调查 Salary surveys信度 Reliability行动学习 Action learning行为锚定等级评价法 Behaviorally anchored rating scale (bars)行为模拟 Behavior modeling压力面试 Stress interview延期利润分享计划 Deferred profitsharing plan一般经济状况 General economic conditions以价值观为基础的雇佣 value-based hiring意见调查 Opinion survey隐含职权 Implied authority有保障的计件工资制 Guaranteed piecework plan有保证的公平对待 Guaranteed fair treatment约翰？霍兰德 John Holland越级谈话 Skiplevel interview晕轮效应 Halo effect在职培训 Onthe-job training （OJT） 战略规划 Strategic plan真诚的谈判 Good faith bargaining政策 Point method/Policies直接计件制 Straight piecework直线管理者 Line manager职能（服务）功能 Staff （service） function职能控制 Functional control职权 Authority职位调配卡 Position replacement cards职位分析问卷 Position Analysis Questionnaire （PAQ) 职位评价 Job evaluation职业安全与健康法案 Occupational Safety and Health Act职业安全与健康管理局 Occupational Safety and Health Administration （OSHA） 职业规划与职业发展 Career planning and development职业技能 Occupational skills职业锚 Career anchors职业市场状况 Occupational market conditions职业性向 Occupational orientation职业周期 Career cycle职员报酬 Employee compensation质量圈 Quality circle中期职业危机阶段 Mid career crisis sub stage仲裁 Arbitration资本积累方案 Capital accumulation program资格数据库 Qualifications inventories资质 Aptitudes自我实现 Self-actualization自我指导工作小组 Self directed teams自愿减少工资方案 Voluntary pay cut自愿减少时间 Voluntary time off自愿谈判项目 Voluntary bargaining组织发展 Organization development（OD) 组织体系 System I组织体系 System 补充Paradigm 范式tacit knowledge 隐性知识explicit knowledge 显性知识dimension 维度