2020-2021学年高中英语(北师大版)必修5双基限时练23.docx

双基限时练(二十三)　Unit 15　Learning
Lesson 4　Understanding
Ⅰ. 单词拼写
1. It's so strange that almost every country has some forms of __________ (宗教)．
答案　religion
2. Believe it or not, Mary__________ (获得)a knowledge of the English by careful study.
答案　acquired
3. How poor we are now! The chairman made a few __________ (传统的)remarks.
答案　conventional
4. The boy tried his best to make the girl happy, but she __________ (不理睬) him.
答案　ignored
5. From the fact we can__________ (假设)you always get up at the same time.
答案　assume
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. I____________________________ (习惯了早起床) to do morning exercise.
答案　am accustomed to getting up early
2. She __________________________________ (猛烈要求我向他赔礼)．
答案　urged that I (should) apologize to him
3. My parents ____________________________________ (不允许我看电视) before I finish my schoolwork.
答案　don't approve of me watching TV
4. The changes ________________________________ (在有些方面有好处) but not in others.
答案　are beneficial in some ways
5. ______________________________________ (他的绘画明显是受到了……的启示) Monet's work.
答案　His paintings were clearly inspired by
Ⅲ. 单项填空
1．It is uncommon that she is a person ________ four hours' sleep a night.
A. accustomed to having
B. was accustomed to having
C. accustomed to have
D. accustomed having
答案与解析　A　get/be accustomed to“(变的)习惯于”，该结构中的to为介词，后接名词或动名词充当宾语， accustomed to having ...充当a person的后置定语。
2．The class were discussing a newspaper editorial that ________ citizens to help reduce the noise and air pollution in the city.
A. urged B. told
C. ordered D. commanded
答案与解析　A　句意：同学们正在争辩号召市民削减城市噪音和污染的那期报纸。对市民只能是号召，所以urge符合语境。其余三项均含有命令的语气。
3．New York ________ second in the production of apples, producing 850,000,000 pounds this year.
A. ranked B. occupied
C. arranged D. classified
答案与解析　A　句意：纽约今年的苹果产量是850000000磅，位居其次。rank“排名；排列”，通过产量的多少进行名次排列这是常识，故选A项。occupy“占据”； arrange“支配”； classify“分类”。
4．The memory of his childhood ________ him to finish his first novel and had it published.
A. admired B. demanded
C. inspired D. respected
答案与解析　C　inspire sb. to do sth.“鼓舞某人做某事”。admire“艳羡”； demand“要求”； respect“敬重”。
5．As is often the case, little boys ________ be very active and out of control.
A. tend to B. link to
C. select to D. appeal to
答案与解析　A　句意：小男孩总是很活泼好动，很难把握，这是常见的状况。 tend to“倾向于”， tend to do sth.“往往会做某事”。link to“与……联系”； select to无此搭配； appeal to“对……有吸引力”。
6. Although ________ my opinion, the old professor didn't come up with his own.
A. against B. on
C. for D. in
答案与解析　A　本题考查介词。against one's opinion “反对某人的见解”，介词on不与opinion搭配； for one's opinion “同意某人的见解”； in one's opinion “在某人看来”。由句意“虽然反对我的见解，但老教授却没提出自己的见解”可知，应选A项。
7. — My children are always arguing.
— ________
A. Just ignore them.
B. That's all right.
C. Are you sure?
D. How old are the boys?
答案与解析　A　本题考查情景交际。句意：——我的孩子们老是吵架。——不要理睬他们。
8. Without facts, we cannot form a worthwhile opinion, for we need to have factual knowledge ________ our thinking.
A. which to be based on B. upon which to base
C. which to base upon D. to which to be based
答案与解析　B　本题考查定语从句的用法。此处为“介词＋关系代词＋不定式”作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。
9. The police were ________ the prisoner to see if he had a gun.
A. searching B. looking for
C. found out D. searching for
答案与解析　A　search sb. “搜(某人)身”，符合句意。
10. Our ancestors had to struggle ________ their lives ________ bad weather and wild animals.
A. against; with B. for; against
C. with; for D. with; against
答案与解析　B　struggle for“为争取……(权利、自由、生命等)而战”； struggle against“为反对……而战”。
11. Their leader's ________ and cheerful manner filled the group with courage.
A. vital B. important
C. deadly D. major
答案与解析　A　依据句意，应为“领袖布满活力和乐观的态度”。
12. The new governor's ________ of office ________ next Tuesday.
A. speech; take place
B. talk; take places
C. assumption; takes place
D. plan; happens
答案与解析　C　句意：新任州长于下星期二就职。所给选项中只有assumption才有此含义。表示“发生”含义的happen在这里不合题意。
Ⅳ. 阅读理解
A

“If you don't want to be forgotten as soon as you're dead and rotten, either write things worth reading or do things worth writing.”
This is a quotation (语录) from Benjamin Franklin (1706～1790). Franklin certainly did a lot of things that were worth writing about. He was extra­ordinarily talented (有才能的) in many different fields: he was a scientist, an inventor, a statesman, an economist, a philosopher and a musician. He was also one of the Founding Fathers, the men who signed the documents which led to the founding of the United States. These documents included the Declaration of Independence (独立宣言) from Britain and the United States Construction.
However, most people outside America only know about Benjamin Franklin because of his experiment with a kite. It is said that Franklin flew a kite during a thunderstorm in order to prove that lightning was electrical and could be used as a source of power. Not only that, many versions of the story also suggest that he was actually hit by a bolt of lightning — which proved his experiment!
Many science books contain this information and it's wrong. It's bad science. If lightning struck a kite, the electric current (电流) in the string would be so strong that it would kill not only the person holding the string, but also anyone nearby.
There is electricity in the air when there's a thunderstorm and it leaks constantly down through air and into the ground, not just when there is a bolt of lightning. Electric leakage through the air caused Franklin's kite and string to become charged (带电的). On the string there was a metal key and during the experiment, tiny sparks were seen on the key. At no point did Franklin's kite get struck by lightning.
The common belief that Franklin easily survived a lightning strike is not just wrong, it is dangerous. In fact, if lightning had actually hit his kite, he would most probably have died instantly.
1. According to the quotation from Benjamin Franklin, you won't be forgotten if you ________.
A. write something that is worth reading about you
B. write a book about your life and what you did
C. write something worth reading while do as what you write
D. are recorded or record something worth reading
答案与解析　D　推理推断题。见文章第一段内容。
2. It's ________ that makes most people outside America know about Franklin.
A. his invention
B. the Declaration of Independence
C. his quotation
D. his experiment with a kite
答案与解析　D　细节理解题。由第三段第一句话可知，是风筝试验使他在美国之外成为知名人士。
3. What's the most likely explanation for what happened in his experiment?
A. He was hit by a bolt of lightning and proved his
experiment.
B. Lightning hit his kite and proved it was electrical.
C. The metal key on his kite string attracted electricity from the atmosphere.
D. Electricity in the atmosphere around his kite attracted the lightning to it.
答案与解析　C　细节理解题。由倒数其次段可知，空气中的电使得他的风筝及和风筝相连的线带电，线上的金属钥匙发出微小的火星正说明它可以吸引空气中的电。
4. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. His kite did get struck by a bolt of lightning.
B. He flew his kite in a thunderstorm to show electrical power from lightning could be used.
C. He was one of the people who signed the Declaration of Independence.
D. In fact lightning didn't hit him at all.
答案与解析　A　推理推断题。由倒数其次段最终一句可知，富兰克林的风筝根本就没有被闪电击中。
B

Last Sunday, when I went out with Melanie, we saw two ladies with their pets in a coffee shop by chance. Then we were talking our respective pets at the moment. That was the first time that I was really thinking about effect of pets in human life.
I used to have a female pet named Sasa at home. When I first met her at my aunt's home, she was so lovely and cute. She was with her mother within her first month with my little cousins then she went to my home. She was with my parent passing five months and brought a lot of happiness to my home. Unfortunately, she was lost a couple of months ago. I always pray she can find a new family and live with them well.
I used to envy the other children who had a pet especially when I felt lonely. I thought pets are good, affectionate, loyal and obedient companions to their master. I used to dream of having the dog in 101 Dalmatians who could play with me, do things for me, help me get rid of my loneliness and kill the time. Actually, Sasa was really a dog like the one in that film. She was the source of fun and happiness at my home. She always entertains and amuses me except when she's ill.
I consider pets are really good to families that have children. Pets can be guardians and doorkeepers, but what's more important is that keeping pets does good to children's growth. Keeping pets helps children to nurture a tender loving heart and learn to care for others. It helps children to develop their senses of responsibility and teaches children to appreciate life. Children get invaluable training in learning to treat people the same way when they treat their pets kindly and patiently. They can also learn the behaviors necessary for becoming responsible parents and citizens from keeping pets. Those are social skills that are estates for life.
Anyway, although pets cause problems of hygiene (卫生), pets are always the best friends to humans, especially for children.
5. The writer began considering the effects of pets when
________.
A. she first met Sasa at her aunt's home
B. the pet dog Sasa was lost
C. she heard others' talk last Sunday
D. she played with Sasa
答案与解析　C　细节理解题。由第一段内容可知答案。
6. When the author first met her, Sasa was ________.
A. five months old
B. more than one month old
C. less than one month old
D. a couple of months old
答案与解析　C　细节理解题。由其次段中的“within her first month”可以推断答案。
7. “101 Dalmatians” may be the name of ________.
A. some famous dogs
B. a famous film
C. some places where pets are kept
D. some robots
答案与解析　B　推理推断题。由下文“Actually, Sasa was really a dog like the one in that film.”可以示意出答案。
8. The author seems to think pets ________.
A. are useless to the family
B. are always dangerous to children
C. are especially good to children's development
D. are more troublesome than kind
答案与解析　C　推理推断题。由整个第四段的内容可以推断养宠物对孩子的成长是有益的。