2021高考英语(三月)阅读、完形填空自练(4)答案(西安).docx

2021高考英语（三月）阅读、完形填空自练（4）答案（西安）

阅读理解
(2022·泰安复习质量检测)
University of Maryland student Ben Simon and his friends couldn’t stand to see good food thrown out on their campus.“We basically noticed that some of the extra food from the dining hall was going to waste at the end of the day.And we met with the dining services and asked them whether it would be okay if instead of throwing out the food we would donate it.And they were on board，” he said.
So 18 months ago，the students began what they call the Food Recovery Network.Each night，volunteers would show up at a campus dining hall to pick up leftovers and deliver them to area shelters and food banks.So far，they have donated more than 23 000 kilos of food that would otherwise have been thrown out.
Nationwide，$165 billion worth of food is wasted each year，according to the National Resources Defense Council.Spokesman Bob Keefe says that is about 40% of the country’s entire food production.“If we can reduce our waste in this country by 15%，we can feed 25 million hungry Americans.That is a huge benefit.That is what programs like this Food Recovery Network are doing，” he said.
Christian Life Center is one of the beneficiaries (受益者) of the students’ efforts.Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧师)，said，“It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.Each week we are able with this food probably to feed over hundred people.”
The University of Maryland’s Food Recovery Network now has 200 volunteers and the program has expanded to 18 schools across the country.“I want to grow 18 chapters to a thousand chapters within five years.And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms.” said Simon.
The volunteers are committed to making that happen.
1．The dining services in University of Maryland________.
A．threw out good food on the campus
B．supported the volunteers’ job
C．enjoyed the talk with the students
D．donated their leftovers to the poor
2．Volunteers from the Food Recovery Network________.
A．started the Food Recovery Network two years ago
B．delivered leftovers as well as money to shelters
C．helped to solve the hunger issues in America
D．donated leftovers to avoid food waste
3．Ben Slye’s attitude toward the volunteers’ effort was that of________.
A．unconcern 　 B．doubt
C．appreciation　 D．opposition
4．We can learn from the text that________.
A．over 40% of the country’s entire food is wasted each year
B．altogether 25 million Americans suffer from hunger nowadays
C．Simon aims to expand the program to restaurants and farms
D．every college has started the Food Recovery Network
5．What can be the best title for the text?
A．College Students Rescue Leftover Food
B．Battles Against the Problem of Hunger
C．How to Pick up Leftovers on College Campuses
D．Waste Problems in University of Maryland

语篇解读　本文是一篇新闻报道。每天都有人在铺张粮食，假如把这些粮食收集起来，供应那些需要的人，那将会挂念很多饥饿的人们。美国一所高校的同学们正在做这样的事情。他们建立了“食物回收网络”，收集学校餐厅里的残羹剩饭，将其送到有需要的地方。
1．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章第一段最终一句中的“And they were on board”可知，学校的餐饮服务部参与其中。此处on board为短语“take sth.on board”的简写，意为“接受，接纳(方法、建议)”。
答案：　B
2．解析：　推理推断题。依据对文章其次段的整体理解可知，志愿者们到学校餐厅去收集剩菜，然后把它们运到收容所等，以避开铺张。
答案：　D
3．解析：　观点态度题。依据文章第四段其次句“Ben Slye，the senior pastor (牧师)，said，‘It has been just amazing to see these students take their own time，their own vehicles and own gas money and be able to make an effort like this.’”可知，Ben Slye对志愿者们的努力是持“支持，赞许，观赏”的态度。
答案：　C
4．解析：　细节理解题。依据文章倒数其次段最终一句中的“And once we get to the Food Recovery Nation being at every college campus in America，we want to expand to restaurants and farms”可知，答案C符合文意。
答案：　C
5．解析：　标题概括题。依据文章第一段的开篇点题和对文章的整体理解可知，本文主要介绍了美国高校生建立组织，收集学校餐厅里的剩饭，身体力行把它们运到收容所的事。由此可知，答案A最适合做文章的标题。
答案：　A.

阅读理解。
【来自全国卷】
The way we do things round here
Some years ago，I was hired by an American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John，I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “we're kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”， while in British English it means “fairly”．
So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I don't just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners, ideas and so on. The way people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures (文化)．
Some of these differences may be only on the surface—dress，food and hours of work—while others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting them, like the climate (气候)，while getting on with business.
Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However，other differences can be troubling, like punctuality (准时). If you invite people to a party at 7 o'clock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.
本文介绍了作者所感受到的文化差异。
1. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought ________.
A. the American bank didn't think much of him
B. the American bank might hire another person
C. it's difficult to get used to American culture
D. it's easy to misunderstand Americans
答案：A。推理推断题。由第一段中“That “quite” saddened me”．可以推断出作者认为这家美国银行不重视他。
2．The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means ________.
A. encourages B. helps to narrow
C. increases D. draws attention to
答案：D。词义猜想题。由下文可知人们做事情的方式引起了作者对文化差异的关注。
3．According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences?
A. Ask the native people for help. B. Understand and accept them.
C. Do things in our own way. D. Do in­depth research.
答案：B。细节理解题。由第三段最终一句可知我们要习惯文化差异并接受存在的文化差异。
4．When invited to a party the people who are usually punctual are________.
A. Italians B. Germans
C. Greeks D. the British
答案：B。细节理解题。由最终一段“If you invite people...on time in Germany...”可知B项正确。

【2022高考英语哈尔滨市第三中学一模】
完型填空。阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative (保守) person who is 41 only among those with whom he is familiar. When a stranger is present, he often seems nervous, 42 embarrassed. You have to take a commuter train (通勤车) any morning or evening to 43 the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or 44 off in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite offensive (冒犯的).
45 , there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior, which, once 46 , makes the offender immediately the object of 47 .
One of the few things we can say about the British with certainty is that a British takes a(n) 48 to the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it 49 . Some people argue that it is because the British weather 50 follows forecast and thus becomes a source of interest to everyone. This may be so. Certainly a British cannot have much 51 in the weathermen, whose predictions, in many cases, 52 to be wrong! The man in the street seems to be as accurate – or as inaccurate – as the weathermen in his 53 .
Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references 54 weather that the British make to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are 55 by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isn’t it?” “Beautiful day!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?” 56 the foreigner may consider this exaggerated (夸大) and comic, it is worthwhile pointing out that it could be used to his 57 . If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is 58 to know where to begin, he could do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a(n) 59 subject to which a response may well be 60 of even the most reserved of the British.
41. A. relaxed  B. frustrated  C. amused  D. exhausted
42. A. yet  B. otherwise  C. even  D. so
43. A. experience  B. witness  C. watch  D. undertake
44. A. whispering B. murmuring C. nodding D. laughing
45. A. Hopefully  B. Exactly   C. Frequently  D. Obviously
46. A. developed  B. observed  C. followed D. broken
47. A. doubt  B. argument  C. criticism  D. praise
48. A. emotion  B. fancy  C. likeliness  D. judgment
49. A. at length  B. at last  C. at most  D. at least
50. A. always B. often C. constantly D. seldom
51. A. faith  B. relief   C. honor  D. credit
52. A. put out B. make out C. turn out D. find out
53. A. consideration  B. prediction  C. approval  D. appreciation
54. A. about  B. on  C. in  D. to
55. A. started  B. conducted  C. replaced  D. proposed
56. A. Since  B. Although  C. However  D. Only if
57. A. benefit B. advantage C. disadvantage D. favor
58. A. at a loss  B. in detail C. in groups D. on occasion
59. A. avoidable B. steady C. optional D. safe
60. A. expected B. asked C. wished D. reminded
【参考答案】
41—45 ACBCD 46—50 DCBAD
51—55 ACBDC 56—60 BBADA