2021年高考英语新课标版一轮专题复习之阅读理解25Word版含答案.docx

阅读理解专题卷25 When you think about math, you probably dont think about breaking the law, solving mysteries or finding criminals. But a mathematician in Maryland does, and he has come up with mathematical tools to help police find criminals.People who solve crimes look for patterns that might reveal(揭示) the identity of the criminal. Its long been believed, for example, that criminals will break the law closer to where they live, simply because its easier to get around in their own neighborhood. If police see a pattern of robberies in a certain area, they may look for a suspect(嫌疑犯) who lives near the crime scenes. So, the farther away from the area a crime takes place, the less likely it is that the same criminal did it.But Mike OLeary, a mathematician at Towson University in Maryland, says that this kind of approach may be too simple. He says that police may get better clues to the location of a criminals home base by combining these patterns with a citys layout(布局) and historical crime records.The records of past crimes contain geographical information and can reveal easy targets that is, the kind of stores that might be less difficult to rob. Because these stores are along roads, the locations of past crimes contain information about where major streets and intersections are. OLeary is writing a new computer program that will quickly provide this kind of information for a given city. His program also includes information about the people who live in the city, and information about how a criminals patterns change with age. Its been shown, for example, that the younger the criminal, the closer to home the crime.Other computer programmers have worked on similar software, but OLearys uses more math. The mathematician plans to make his computer program available, free of charge, to police departments around the country.The program is just one way to use math to fight crime. OLeary says that criminology the study of crime and criminals contains a lot of good math problems. “I feel like Im in a gold mine and Im the only one who knows what gold looks like,” he says. “Its a lot of fun.”1 To find criminals, police usually _.A. focus on where crimes take placeB. seek help from local peopleC. depend on new mathematical toolsD. check who are on the crime scene2OLeary is writing a computer program that _.A. uses math to increase the speed of calculationB. tells the identity of a criminal in a certain areaC. shows changes in criminals patternsD. provides the crime records of a given city3 By “Im the only one who knows what gold looks like”, OLeary means that he _.A. is better at finding gold than othersB. is the only one who uses math to make moneyC. knows more criminals than other mathematiciansD. knows best how to use math to help solve crimes4What is the main idea of the text?A. Criminals live near where crimes occur.B. Math could help police find criminals.C. Crime records could be used to fight crime.D. Computer software works in preventing crimes.If Confucius(孔子)were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake, there would be a lot of candles（蜡烛）. Hed need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out. While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day, few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. Its nothing personal. Most Americans dont even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes. But this doesnt mean that Americans dont care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper understanding of China. In the past twenty years, the Chinese studies programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes(孔子学院) in more than 80 countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually included Chinese art, history and philosophy(哲学). Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing(竞赛)to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power with the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers. So the old thinkers ideas are still alive and well. Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West. As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the west, even if his birthday is. 5The opening paragraph is mainly intended to_.A. provide some key facts about ConfuciusB. attract the readers interest in the topicC. show great respect for the ancient thinkerD. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations6We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students_. A. have a great interest in studying ChineseB. take an active part in Chinese competitionsC. try to get high scores in Chinese examsD. fight for a chance to learn Chinese7What is the best title for the passage?A. Forgotten Wisdom in AmericaB. Huge Fans of the Chinese LanguageC.Old Thinker with a Big FutureD. Chinese Culture for Westerners 8The passage is likely to appear in a _.A. leaflet B. history paperC. newspaper D. philosophy textbookThe United States is full of cars. There are still many families without cars, but some families have two or more. However, cars are used for more than pleasure. They are a necessary part of life.Cars are used for business. They are driven to offices and factories by workers who have no other way to get to their jobs. When salesmen are sent to different parts of the city, they have to drive in order to carry their products. Farmers have to drive into the city in order to get supplies.Sometimes small children must be driven to school. In some cities school buses are used only when children live more than a mile away from the school. When the children are too young to walk too far, their mothers take turns driving them to school. One mother drives on Mondays taking her own children and the neighbors as well. Another mother drives on Tuesdays, another on Wednesday, and so on. This is called forming a car pool. Men also form car pools, with three or four men taking turns driving to the place where they all work.More car pools should be formed in order to put fewer cars on the road and use less gas. Too many cars are being driven. Something will have to be done about the use of cars.9 The United States is filled with cars, but .A. not every family has a car B. few families have two cars or even moreC. every American has a car D. every family has a car10Whats the main idea of the second paragraph?A. Workers drive cars to offices and factories B. Salesmen drive to carry their products.C. Farmers drive into cities to get supplies. D. Cars are widely used.11Which statement is true according to the third paragraph?A. Small children are driven to school. B. All children go to school by bus in some cities.C. Mothers drive their children who cant walk to school. D. School buses pick up all children.12 Mothers form car pools in order that .A. they can drive to school B. they can take turns driving their children to schoolC. they reach school quickly D. they can drive their children to school in time13 The traffic in and around cities is a great problem because .A. too many cars are being driven B. there are too many car poolsC. people put fewer cars on the roadsD. there is less gasMiss Gogers taught physics in a New York school. Last month she explained to one of her classes about sound, and she decided to test them to see how successful she had been in her explanation. She said to them, “Now I have a brother in Los Angeles. If I was calling him on the phone and at the same time you were 75 feet away, listening to me from across the street, which of you would hear what I said earlier, my brother or you and for what reason?” Tom at once answered, “Your brother. Because electricity travels faster than sound waves.” “Thats every good,” Miss Gogers answered; but then one of the girls raised her hand, and Miss Gogers said. “Yes, Kate.” “I disagree,” Kate said. “Your brother would hear you earlier because when its 11 oclock here its only 8 oclock in Los Angeles.” 14Miss Gogers was teaching her class_. A. how to telephone B. about electricityC. about time zone(时区) D. about sound15Miss Gogers raised this question because she wanted to know whether_. A. it was easy to phone to Los Angeles B. her student could hear her from 75 feet awayC. her students had grasped（理解）her lesson.D. sound waves were slower than electricity16Tom thought that electricity was _.A. slower than sound waves B. faster than sound wavesC. not so fast as sound waves D. as fast as sound waves17Kate thought Tom was wrong because _.A. clocks in Los Angeles showed a different time from those in New YorkB. electricity was slower than sound wavesC. Tom was not good at physics at allD. Toms answer had nothing to do with sound waves18Whose answer do you think is correct according to the law of physics?A. Toms B. Kates C. Bath A and B D. Neither A nor BYou never see them, but theyre with you every time you fly. They record where you are going, how fast youre traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally. Their ability to withstand almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic book. Theyre known as the black box.When planes fall from the sky, as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to Comoros Islands in the India ocean June 30, 2009, the black box is the best bet for identifying what went wrong. So when a French submarine (潜水艇) detected the devices homing signal five days later, the discovery marked a huge step toward determining the cause of a tragedy in which 152 passengers were killed.In 1958, Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction. That was the first mode for a black box, which became a requirement on all U.S. commercial flights by 1960. Early models often failed to withstand crashes, however, so in 1965 the device was completely redesigned and moved to the rear of the plane the area least subject to（易患病）impact from its original position in the landing wells (起落架舱). The same year, the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes, which were never actually black, be painted orange or yellow to aid visibility.Modern airplanes have two black boxes: a voice recorder, which tracks pilots conversations, and a flight-data recorder, which monitors fuel levels, engine noises and other operating functions that help investigators reconstruct the aircrafts final moments. Placed in an insulated (隔绝的) case and surrounded by a quarter-inch-thick panels of stainless steel, the boxes can withstand massive force and temperatures up to 2,000. When submerged, theyre also able to emit signals from depths of 20,000 ft.Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447, which crashed near Brazil on June 1, 2009, are in water nearly that deep, but statistics say theyre still likely to turn up. In the approximately 20 deep-sea crashes over the past 30 years, only one planes black boxes were never recovered.19What information could be found from the black box on the Yemeni airliner?A. Data for analyzing the cause of the crash. B. The total number of passengers on board.C. The scene of the crash and extent of the damage. D. Homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash.20Why was the black box redesigned in 1965?A. New materials became available by that time. B. Too much space was needed for its installation. C. The early models often got damaged in the crash. D. The early models didnt provide the needed data.21Why did the Federal Aviation Authority require the black boxes be painted orange or yellow?A. To distinguish them from the colour of the plane. B. To caution people to handle them with care.C. To make them easily identifiable.D. To obey international standards22What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447?A. There is still a good chance of their being recovered. B. There is an urgent need for them to be reconstructed.C. They have stopped sending homing signals.D. They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil.Dogs and millionaires have a lot in common. They are absolute opportunists (especially when it comes to rewards). They defend their territory(地盘). And in general, they dont like cats. Perhaps that explains a new survey showing that millionaires are far more dog-friendly than the rest of Americans. According to a study by Spectrem Group, 58% of millionaire pet owners have a dog. Only 37% own a cat. Only 3% keep fish, 2% birds and 2% have a horse. Similarly, 39% of U. S. households own a dog, compared to 33% of households owning a cat, released by the Humane Society. Jennifer Cona, a trust and estates attorney(信托和资产律师) and partner with Genser Subow Genser & Cona in New York, does a lot of work on pet trusts. She said of all the pet trusts shes worked on, 90% are for dogs and only 10% are for cats. She said dogs provide one thing especially important for the wealthy: unconditional love. “You dont get that from a cat,” she said, “Dogs are like children for some families, except that they dont mess up in college or run off with money. Sometimes its easy to see why dogs are the favorite children.” Millionaires show their love for their dogs in part by their spending. One quarter of millionaire pet owners spend more than $1, 000 a year on their pets, the Spectrem study said, while more than half spend more than $500 a year. Many would say those numbers are understated, given all the diamond-dog collars, dog foods and booming dog spas in evidence these days, not to mention the medical bills. The survey showed 34% of pet owners spend money on decorating, while 6% spend on “sweaters, outfits and costumes.” More than half of millionaire pet owners spend money on teeth cleaning for their pets. More than 16%, meanwhile, said they would spend money on reconstructive surgeries and “anti-anxiety, anti-depression” medication for their pets. 23What is the passage mainly about?A. Millionaires like dogs more than other Americans.B. Keeping dogs as pets is quite popular among Americans.C. Pet dogs help relieve their owners anxiety and depression.D. Millionaires spend