2021届高考英语二轮复习提能专训-语法4-专题四-介词-Word版含解析.docx

提能专训(四).单句语法填空(介词)1Mo Yans short novel Red Transparent Radish aims to criticize the influence of “cultural revolution” _ peoples life.答案：on解析：考查介词的搭配用法。句意：莫言的短篇小说透亮的红萝卜旨在批判文化大革命对人民生活的影响。对的影响，经常用(have) an influence on。2Parents are advised to take pressure _ their children and give them some encouragement before an exam.答案：off解析：句意：建议父母在考试前给孩子们减压，并且给他们一些鼓舞。take. off/out of意为“把从中除去”。3Growing up in a tough environment, the brothers went _ thick and thin together.答案：through解析：考查动词短语搭配。句意：由于兄弟们都是在困难的环境里长大，他们同甘共苦，休戚与共。go through thick and thin为固定动词短语，意为“同甘共苦，休戚与共”。4When the wet season comes, the city government will warn its people _ constantly advertising the potential danger.答案：by解析：考查介词搭配。句意：当雨季来临时，市政府就会通过不断公告可能存在的危急来提示民众。句中by doing.表示方式，意为“通过做某事”，符合本句的句意。5We give dogs time, space and love we can spare, and _， dogs give us their all.(in all, in fact, in short, in return)答案：in return解析：“介词名词”构成的固定短语也是高考的常考点，因此，熟记介词短语的意义是辨析语意的关键。常见的介词短语主要由by, for, in, on等“活跃介词名词”构成，如by chance/accident(偶然)，on purpose(有意)，in return(反过来)。6He also acknowledges that, in general, stateowned companies do have an advantage _ the stability, management, and career prospects they offer.(in terms of, in need of, in charge of, in praise of)答案：in terms of解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：他也承认了，总的来说国有企业能供应的工作在稳定性、管理和职业进展的前景上的确有优势。in terms of“就而言，在方面”，符合句意。7When asked about their opinions about the schoolmaster, many teachers would prefer to see him step aside _ younger men.(in terms of, in need of, in favor of, in praise of)答案：in favor of解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：在被问到他们对校长的看法时，很多老师说他们宁愿看到他让贤于更年轻的人。句中的step aside表示“让位，让开”，后面接介词短语in favor of表示这些老师更赞成启用更年轻的人。in terms of就而言；in need of需要；in praise of表扬，赞扬。8Harvard University takes in any outstanding student _ religion, color or background.(in terms of, on account of, regardless of, in spite of)答案：regardless of解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：不管宗教、肤色或背景的差别，哈佛高校吸取任何优秀的同学。in terms of从角度而言；on account of由于，由于；regardless of不管，不顾，表示不去考虑，强调主观；in spite of尽管，虽然，强调转折。9What shall we prepare for our picnic this weekend?Well, lets discuss it _ lunch.答案：over解析：考查介词。句意：本周末的野餐我们预备些什么呢？哦，我们吃午饭的时候商量一下吧。这里用介词over表示“在期间”。10Mr. Carter will be the main speaker _ the graduation ceremony.答案：at解析：考查介词。句意：Carter先生将成为毕业典礼上的主要发言人。at the graduation ceremony意思是“在毕业典礼上”，为固定短语。11Look at this years sales figures _ last years; theyre so much better.答案：against解析：考查介词。句意：对比一下今年和去年的销售数字；它们(比去年)好多了。against在这里表示“和相比”。12Like golf, yoga is a recent arrival _ China, and could be on its way to becoming a booming business.答案：to解析：考查介词。句意：和高尔夫球运动一样，瑜伽也是近年才消灭在中国，它可能会成为一个蓬勃进展的行业。这里用介词to表示“对来说”。13How can we improve medical care to benefit people？_， how can we create a health care system that helps people？(In addition, On the other hand, In other words, On the contrary)答案：In other words解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：我们该怎样才能改善医疗服务来造福人民呢？换句话说，我们该如何制造一个为人民服务的卫生保健体系呢？这里用in other words表示“换句话说”，符合句意。14Maria did what she could to help her neighbors. _， she asked for nothing.(In vain, In return, In addition, In fact)答案：In return解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：玛利亚尽她所能地去挂念她的邻居，不求任何回报。in vain意为“徒劳”；in return意为“作为回报”；in addition意为“除以外”；in fact意为“事实上”。15With some physical training in the morning, even after a couple of days, you will feel energetic, and _， you will benefit greatly from your perseverance.(in a way, on the other hand, on the whole, in the long term)答案：in the long term解析：句意：早晨进行一些体育熬炼，在几天之后你都会感觉精力充分，并且从长远而言，你会从你的毅力中受益匪浅。in a way从某种意义上；on the other hand在另一方面；on the whole从整体而言；in the long term从长远而言。.阅读理解(科普争辩类人物故事类)A(2022石家庄高中毕业班教学质量检测) Pupils remember more and behave better when 3D images are used in lessons, research suggests. They are quicker to learn and absorb new concepts, and display higher levels of concentration.Professor Anne Bamford, of the University of the Arts London, studied the effectiveness of 3D content in 15 schools across seven countries, including the UK. Pupils in 3D classes can remember more than those in 2D classes after four weeks, improving test scores by an average of 17 percent compared with eight percent for 2D lessons. They gave more detailed answers to the tasks and were more likely to think in 3D, using hand gestures and mime (比手画脚) to answer the test questions successfully.The teachers commented that the pupils in the 3D groups had deeper understanding, increased attention span, more motivation and higher engagement in the lessons.Children are used to 3D with the rise of computer games that use the technology90 percent of those in the study had seen a 3D film. Schools would need 3Denabled projectors(投影仪), laptops with good picture capabilities, 3D software and glasses for children to introduce animations (动画片) into classrooms.But Danny Nicholson, an educationist, said the technology would be impractical to use in schools and could be costly. He said, “While I think the idea of 3D technology is very interesting, I worry that 3D is a bit of an expensive gimmick (噱头). There are a few cases where a true 3D image might help, but most of the time, good 2D models that can be moved would be just as effective. ”In the US, one school district in Colorado is already in the process of having 1,000 3D projectors fixed in classrooms. And the University of Caledonia, which carries out scientific research into the Lake Tabon Basin, has used 3D presentations with Grade Six pupils. Those who watched the 3D presentations were more engrossed and reported a general increase in their interest in science compared with students who watched the 2D version.1. What is the main idea of the first three paragraphs?A. There are slight differences between 3D and 2D images.B. Pupils perform better when 3D images are used in classes.C. Schools have difficulty in making full use of 3D technology.D. 3D technology is always more effective than 2D technology.2. Danny Nicholson holds the view that 3D _.A. is of no help in classesB. has a bright future in classesC. is more practical than 2D modelsD. may not be affordable for schools3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. 3D technology will replace 2D models in the future.B. Many pupils are now more interested in science than before.C. Teachers will use 3D technology through specific training.D. 3D will soon be put into use in one school district in Colorado.4. The underlined word “engrossed” in the last paragraph means “_”A. absorbed B. annoyedC. relaxed D. confused答案：【语篇解读】争辩表明，将3D技术引进课堂后，同学对学习的爱好更高了，考试成果也更好了。但3D技术昂贵，并不是每所学校都能担当得起的。1. B解析：段落大意题。前三段围绕一项争辩开放，该争辩表明将3D技术引进课堂后，同学对课堂内容理解得更深刻，留意力更集中，同学参与课堂的乐观性更高，学习效果更好，考试分数更高，因此前三段的主题是B项。2. D解析：细节理解题。依据倒数其次段第一句中的“the technology would. could be costly”可知，应选D项。3. D解析：细节理解题。最终一段开头说美国科罗拉多州的一个学区已经预备在教室里安装1 000台3D投影仪，因此选D。4. A解析：词义猜想题。最终一段的最终一句说，观看3D演示的同学对科学的爱好普遍提高，因此该词是指“专注的”。因此选A。BMy family and I decided to try to help the less fortunate at Easter. It was last March and my brother, sister and I stayed home after yet another snowstorm. We dressed warmly and ran out of the house to collect money and canned goods.Some people slammed their doors in our faces and others told us they already donated at their churches. We still continued, though. To our surprise, the people who we expected to be the most generous werent. The “welltodo” gave little or nothing at all, while the poorest gave everything they could afford. In the first couple of hours, we raised $60 and during the following three days of going door to door, we collected about $1,000. We then went to the grocery store and bought rice, potatoes, macaroni(通心粉) and juice. Afterwards we arranged the food and put it into 25 colored laundry baskets, each also containing a threepound ham. Finally, right before the holiday, my family and I made the deliveries(递送). As the people opened their doors and saw what we had brought, they were very happy. Big smiles on the oncesad faces were symbolic of how happy they truly were. Most of them replied, “Now we can have an Easter dinner.” This event was very meaningful for my family and me. We learned to appreciate all we once took for granted. We also learned that to achieve a goal, hard work and patience are necessary. I strongly advocate that all get involved in some aspect of community service. It is surely an unforgettable experience!5What does the underlined expression “welltodo” in the second paragraph mean?ARich. BSimple. CPoor. DGood.6What are necessary to achieve a goal?AHonesty and bravery. BHard work and patience.CCourage and hard work. DConfidence and honesty.7Which words best describe the authors feelings towards the experience?AImportant and unforgettable. BDifferent and meaningful.CCareful and helpful. DPositive and important.答案：【篇章导读】本文叙述了作者及家人挨家挨户地集资来挂念那些不幸的人们的经受，从中体会到挂念别人是一件有意义的事情，同时也是一件难忘的事情。5A解析：词义猜想题。依据下文的“.while the poorest gave everything they could afford.”可知，该词的意思是rich，与poor是反义词。故选A项。6B解析：细节理解题。依据最终一段中的“We also learned that to achieve a goal, hard work and patience are necessary.”可知选B项。7A解析：推理推断题。依据倒数第一段中的“This event was very meaningful for my family and me.和It is surely an unforgettable experience！”可知选A项。.完形填空(记叙文)(2021届高三大联考二)As we neared the more populated area again, I saw a handbag lying on the ground. It looked like it might have belonged to a middleaged lady. Thinking it had been _1_ and thrown aside, I picked it up. Maybe there were some _2_ left that the owner still needed. But when I opened it the contents seemed _3_. The papers showed it was not a middleaged _4_ but a young Turkish woman, named Lale. She appeared to live on the other side of town. I took the bag home, and tried to _5_ her. However, she wasnt _6_ in the phone book.A prescription(药方) inside showed her doctors _7_. Even though it was late in the evening, I called their office, hoping to have them get in touch with their _8_. Unfortunately, it turned out they didnt have her phone number, _9_.I had considered _10_ in the handbag to the police, but I was _11_. Who was Lale? So I borrowed a friends car and drove to her address. _12_ to my expectation of landing in a poor neighborhood the apartment building was _13_ in quite a nice area. I rang the doorbell but nobody answered. I returned to the car to write a note _14_ then Lales mom came out. She was so happy that I had _15_ her daughters bag and she asked me to _16_ for coffee.Now, for quite a while I had had wished to visit a Turkish home. Up to 4% of the German _17_ have a Turkish background but Germans and Turks dont often interact. And _18_ I was being invited to an Turkish home!As Lale told me, when she got home, she felt Turkish. She was so happy that Id brought her bag back! It _19_ that she would go on a trip to Austria on Sunday, and wouldnt have been able to cross the _20_ without her residents permit!1A.picked Bfound Cstolen Drobbed2A.money BpapersCcards Dinformation3A.disordered BuntiedCdisappeared undisturbed4A.Turkish BGerman CBritish DChinese5A.discover Bcalm Ccontact Dprove6A.listed Branked Cmarked Dheld7A.home Bcareer Ctreatment Daddress8A.leader Bpatient Cdoctor Dfamily9A.too Binstead Ceither Dthough10A.bringing Bsending Ccalling Dturning11A.anxious Bcurious Ccautious Dconscious12A.Similar BRespectful CContrary DNext13A.actually Bfortunately Cexactly Dhardly14A.and Bbut Cthat Dthough15A.searched Bprotected Creturned Dremoved16A.look up Bdrink up Cend up Dcome up17A.homes Bpopulation Cwomen Dlanguage18A.thus Bthen Chere Dthere19A.turned out Bmade outCpointed out Dplaned out20A.planes Blimits Cborders Droads答案：1C解析：下文的But when I opened it.说明这只手提袋没有被偷走里面的东西，故选stolen。2B解析：下文的The papers showed it was not.表明，作者期望包中有仆人的证件。3D解析：依据文章可知，包中的东西并没有被翻动的痕迹，故选undisturbed，表示“未被动过的”。4B解析：倒数其次段表明，故事发生在德国，所以作者原认为是德国人的包。5C解析：下文的in the phone book表明，作者想给她打电话取得联系，故选contact表示“与联系”。6A解析：然而，在电话簿里没有她的名字。list是及物动词，表示“记入名单内”。7D解析：下文的I called their office示意着作者找到了医生的地址或电话。8B解析：本句中的their指医院的医生和护士，由于包的仆人是他们的患者，故选patient。9C解析：不巧的是，原来他们也没有她的电话号码。either用在否定句中，表示“也，还”。10D解析：“我”原想把手提袋交给警察，故选turn in表示“上交”。11B解析：下文的I borrowed a friends car and drove to her address表明白作者的古怪心。12C解析：本句中in a poor neighborhood和in quite a nice area形成了反差，故选contrary to.表示“与相反”。13A解析：与“我”的想像相反，她的公寓实际上位于一个很好的小区。14B解析：本句中returned to the car示意着作者想回去，但是此时女人的母亲出来了。15C解析：句意表明，作者归还了她女儿的包，使得这位母亲很兴奋。16D解析：尾段表明，作者应邀到了这位女士的家中，故这里指邀请喝杯咖啡。17B解析：在德国人口中有高达4%是土耳其人，但德国人和土耳其人不经常相互沟通。18C解析：句中的being invited to强调了作者此时此刻在土耳其人的家中，故选here。19A解析：结果表明这个星期天，她要去奥地利。说明第一段中提到的证件是有用的。20C解析：从德国到奥地利要跨越边疆，故选borders。.短文改错(2022河南新乡许昌平顶山高三调研)Dear Mr. Green, I am very exciting to learn that we are going to start a magazine together. It is indeed a wonderful idea and everyone hopes its success.I would like a magazine to have three columns: News, Teachers Advice or Students Voice. From the News column we can learn about what was going on in both of our schools. In Teachers Advice, our teacher can give us such help that we may not be able to get in the classroom. Students Voice will allow us to free express our thoughts and feelings about our lives and studies.I believe that this magazine will surely strengthen between our ties, and I am looking forward to read it.Yours faithfully，Li Hua答案：