2022届高三牛津版英语一轮复习全书讲义-第二部分第三讲形容词和副词-.docx

第三讲形容词和副词一、形容词、副词的比较等级类型句型例句原级(1)as形容词(副词)原级as.“和一样”；not as/so形容词(副词)原级as.“不如”Tom plays basketball as well as，if not better than Li Ming. 汤姆打篮球不比李明强，至少和他打得一样好。(2)as形容词原级a(n)n.as.“跟一样”Im not a little tired today after giving the room a thorough cleaning and I have never had as tiring a day as today. 彻底打扫完这个房间后我累极了，我从来没有像今日这样累过。比较级(1)比较级than.“比更”；less.than“不如”Goods imported from abroad are not always better than those made in China.从国外进口的产品并不愿定比中国的好。Yes.Some of the goods made in our country are of high quality.是的。国内制造的一些东西质量也很好。(2)the比较级，the比较级“越，越”Its believed that the harder you work，the better result youll get.人们信任，工作越努力，得到的结果将越好。比较级(3)the比较级of the名词/代词“(两者中)较的”。Of the two cameras，I would prefer the smaller one，which is very easy for me to carry.这两个照相机，我宠爱较小的那个，它简洁携带。(4)the last表示“最不行能的”、“最不适合的”、“最不期望的”等。As far as Im concerned，he is the last man to tell a lie.就我个人而言，他是最不行能撒谎的人。(5)“否定词比较级”表示最高级意义。Ive never heard a better voice than you.我从未听到过比你更好的嗓音。最高级.in.；.of.；.among.The youngest of the family was the most successful.家庭中最年轻的是最成功的一个。1(2022高考大纲全国卷)Raymonds parents wanted him to have _ possible education.AgoodBbetterCbestDthe best 解析：选D。考查形容词的比较等级。句意：雷蒙德的父母想让他接受最好的训练。形容词最高级前须加定冠词the，故D项正确。2(2021高考天津卷)I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are_ meaningful things to do.Aless Bmore Cthe least Dthe most解析：选B。句意：我认为每晚看电视是铺张时间有更多有意义的事要做。依据a waste of time可知说话人不同意每晚都看电视，故破折号后的意思是去做更多有意义的事，所以选择B项。less与题目原意正好相反，所以错误；C、D两项都是最高级形式，不符合语境。3(2021高考辽宁卷)This is by far_movie that I have ever seen.Aan inspiringBa much inspiringCthe most inspiringDthe more inspiring解析：选C。句意：这是我所看过的最鼓舞人心的一部电影。by far表示“得多，最”，用来修饰比较级和最高级。依据定语从句“我所看过的”可知，此处应当用形容词的最高级形式。扫一扫进入91导学网()比较级和最高级前的修饰语二、倍数表达法表示倍数的句型：1A is倍数比较级thanB2A is倍数as原级asB3A is倍数the名词(size，length，height等)ofB4A is倍数that/those ofB5A is倍数what引导的名词性从句(2021湖南株洲调研)Marys house in Nanchang cost much than ours，though not half so big.玛丽在南昌的房子不到我们家房子面积的一半，却比我们家的房子贵得多。Americans eat more than twice as many vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.美国人现在每个人吃的蔬菜是1910年的两倍多。The output of cars in 2021 is four times greater than that of 2022. 2021年小轿车产量是2022年的5倍。This restaurant wasnt _that other restaurant we went to.Ahalf as good asBas half good asCas good as halfDgood as half as解析：选A。考查倍数表达法。分析选项特征可知，本题考查倍数表达结构。选项中毁灭as.as结构，half相当于倍数词，其位置应当在as.as.结构之前，所以A项结构正确。从选项中找出倍数词，了解倍数表达法的基本句式结构是解题关键。三、多个形容词作定语时的排序多个修饰词修饰名词时的常见挨次：限定词(these，those)数量形容词(three)描绘性形容词(beautiful)大小、长短、凹凸等形体性形容词(large，long，high)新旧(old)颜色(red)国籍(Chinese)材料(wooden)用途(writing)被修饰名词(desk)。为了便利记忆，不妨试试如下口诀：限定描述大长高，外形年龄与新老；颜色国籍出材料，用途类别往后靠。记住以上规章是必要的，但还应多阅读，多体会，增加语感。How was your recent visit to Qingdao?你最近的青岛旅行如何？It was great.We visited some friends，and spent the last few sunny days at the seaside.太好了。我们访问了一些伴侣，在海边度过了最终几个艳阳天。四、形容词、副词辨析形容词或副词词义辨析是目前高考试题中常见的一种考查形式。在备考时，留意把握形容词或副词的多种含义，解题时，需要把词义和试题的具体语境相结合。近几年高考考查频率较高的形容词：accessible，adaptable，affordable，available，cautious，complex，confident，convenient，effective，essential，frequent，grateful，innocent，optimistic，potential，responsible，sensitive，spare，stable，thoughtful，unique，valuable，worthwhile，etc.。近几年高考考查频率较高的副词：actually，adequately，closely，definitely，especially，equally，eventually，fortunately，frequently，generally，gradually，hardly，merely，narrowly，punctually，seriously，surprisingly，thankfully，willingly，etc.。1(2022高考安徽卷)My good performance in the job interview left me_ about my future and about what I can do here.ApuzzledBsensitiveCoptimisticDembarrassed解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在求职面试中的良好表现让我对将来以及在这里我所能做的事持乐观态度。依据performance前的good可知应选optimistic(乐观的)，求职面试中表现好，自然就会对将来持“乐观的、乐观的”态度，而不是puzzled(困惑的)、 sensitive(敏感的)或embarrassed(尴尬的)态度。故选C项。2(2022高考浙江卷)The aim of education is to teach young people to think for themselves and not follow others _AblindlyBunwillinglyCcloselyDcarefully解析：选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意：训练的目的是教会年轻人自己思考，而不要 _仿效别人。blindly“盲目地”；unwillingly“不情愿地，不情愿地”；closely“亲热地”；carefully“认真地，认真地”。由前面的关键信息think for themselves可知，空格处表示“不要盲目地(blindly)仿效别人”。3(2022高考浙江卷)Joe is proud and _，never admitting he is wrong and always looking for someone else to blame.AstrictBsympatheticCstubbornDsensitive解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：乔既傲慢又固执，从不承认他错了，而且总是找别人来担当责任。strict“严格的”；sympathetic“有怜悯心的”；stubborn“固执的”；sensitive“敏感的”。由后面的关键词never admitting he is wrong可知，乔很固执(stubborn)。五、形容词、副词的特殊用法1除了副词词义辨析外，yet(但是)，besides(此外，而且)，still(照旧)，though(虽然)，however(然而)，meanwhile(与此同时)也是高频考点。解答此类题目首先要把握副词词义，然后接受句子翻译法，分析前后两句的规律关系，从而得出正确答案。(2022高考山东卷)Yet they all can chant the English alphabet，and some can make words.然而，他们都能够吟唱英语字母表，有些还能够读单词。(2021高考江西卷)What a terrible experience! Anyway，youre safe nowthats the main thing.多么可怕的经受啊！不过你现在平安了这是主要的事情。 (2022高考新课标全国卷)Besides，I wish there would not be too many students in a class.此外，我不期望一个班有太多的同学。Jim went to answer the phone.Meanwhile，Harry started to prepare lunch.Jim去接电话。在这期间，Harry去预备午饭。2can not/never与enough或too连用表示：无论怎样都不过分；越越好。I cant say a thankyou too much.I couldnt have succeeded without your help.我再怎么感谢你也不过分。没有你的挂念我不会成功。(2022高考江苏卷)I cant meet you on Sunday. Ill be _ occupied.AalsoBjustCneverthelessDotherwise解析：选D。句意：星期天我不能见你了。除此之外我要忙别的事情。also“也”；just“只不过，仅仅”；nevertheless“然而，不过”；otherwise“在其他方面；除此之外”；依据句意选D项。1(2021安徽宿州教学质量检测)What a pity you must be leaving！I_hope you can stay longer.AsincerelyBprobablyCnarrowlyDslightly解析：选A。考查副词词义辨析。句意：真圆满你确定要走！我诚意地期望你能多待一会儿。A项意为“诚意地”，符合语境。故A项正确。B项意为“可能地”；C项意为“狭窄地”；D项意为“略微地”，均与语境不符。2(2021无锡质检)Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?Not at all.I cant have_Aa worse oneBa better oneCthe worst oneDthe best one解析：选A。考查用比较级表示最高级。句意：你对考试结果感到满足吗？一点儿也不。我不行能有比那更糟糕的结果了。依据句意及“否定词比较级”表示最高级含义可知，应选A。3(2021湖南长沙四校高考模拟)Did your boss help you with the vital task?No，he allocated each of us our jobs and then went out for something_Amore importantBthe most importantCimportantDless important解析：选A。考查形容词的比较级。本句隐含一个比较的情形，故用形容词的比较级。句意：老板挂念你们做这个重要的任务了吗？没有，他给我们每个人支配了工作，然后去做更重要的事情了。4(2021陕西宝鸡质检)You dont seem to be quite yourself today.Whats wrong?Oh，Im suffering from a cold.Nothing serious _AyetBindeedCanywayDthough解析：选D。考查副词辨析。句意：你今日看起来好像不太舒适。怎么了？嗯，我感冒了。但是不太严峻。though可用作副词，意为“可是，不过”，常用于句末。5(2021安徽合肥名校模拟)Even in some developed countries，disabled people are_to be denied healthcare than other people.Athree times as likelyBas likely three timesCthree times more likelyDmore likely three times解析：选C。考查倍数表示法。句意：甚至在一些发达国家，残疾人被拒绝医疗服务的几率比其他人高两倍。倍数的表达方式是“倍数adj./adv.比较级than”或“倍数asadj./adv.的原级as”，故选C。6(2021南京、盐城质检)There isnt any table_at the moment in our restaurant.Would you mind waiting a few minutes?ArenewableBavailableCcomfortableDadaptable解析：选B。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我们饭店没有空桌了。请等一会儿你介意吗？renewable“可恢复的”；available“可找到的，可获得的”；comfortable“使人舒适的”；adaptable“能适应的，有适应力气的”。由句意可知，B项正确。7(2021安徽师大附中联考)Authorities face a_task to persuade typhoon survivors to abandon their flood-stricken villages and relocate to safer lands.AcomplexBroughCtoughDsharp解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：政府人员要劝服台风幸存者们离开遭洪水攻击的村庄并重新定居到平安的地方去，这是一项麻烦的工作。依据题干中作定语的不定式内容可知，此处强调这项工作难度大。故选C，意为“麻烦的，困难的”。A项意为“简洁的”；B项意为“粗糙的，粗暴的”；D项意为“锋利的，敏锐的”。8(2021安徽芜湖第一中学模拟)It is commonly assumed that the growth of GDP and the improvement of peoples living conditions are not_cause and effect.ApurposelyBnearlyCpossiblyDnecessarily解析：选D。考查副词词义辨析。句意：一般认为，GDP的增长和人民生活条件的改善不愿定是因果关系。在选项中，necessarily用于空格处，可构成短语“not necessarily”，意为“未必，不愿定”，与语境相符，故选D。9(2021皖南八校联考)Would you like to go mountain climbing with us?Joking？Thats the_thing in the world I want to do.AworstBbestClastDfirst解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你情愿和我们一起去爬山吗？开玩笑？那是我在这个世界上最不想做的事情。在选项中，last用于空格处，指的是最终想做的事，即最不想做的事，符合语境。故选C。10(2021安徽蚌埠质量检查)Its a/an_clock，made of gold and dating from the nineteenth century.AFrench small attractiveBsmall French attractiveCattractive small FrenchDattractive French small解析：选C。考查多个形容词的挨次。French表示国名；small表示大小；attractive表示描绘性的形容词。当多个形容词修饰名词时，排列挨次口诀为“美小圆旧黄，中国木书房”。故选C。11(2021安徽蚌埠质量检查)I cant give you an answer now.Id like_more time to consider my decision.AfairlyBprettyCa lotDquite解析：选C。考查副词辨析。句意：我现在还不能答复你。我还需要些时间去考虑我的打算。经常修饰比较级的几个副词是：far/any/much/a lot/few/little等，A、B、D三项通常用来修饰形容词或副词的原级。故选C项。12(2021浙江考试院抽测)These computers dont work_；they are connected with each other，so everyone can reach his friends computer.ApartlyBbrieflyCseparatelyDautomatically解析：选C。考查副词词义辨析。句意：这些电脑不是单独工作，它们相互连接着，所以每个人都能进入伴侣的电脑。依据句意可知应选C项“单独地；独立地”。partly表示“部分地”；briefly表示“简要地”；automatically表示“自动地”。13(2021湖北荆州高三质检)We use passwords to keep our personal information secret and safe，but some passwords we use may not be as _as we think.AaccurateBappropriate CcomplexDreliable解析：选D。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们用密码来使我们的个人信息平安保密，但我们所用的有些密码可能并不如我们所认为的那样牢靠。accurate“精确的，精确的”；appropriate“恰当的，合适的”；complex“简洁的，难以理解的”；reliable“牢靠的，可信任的”。依据句意可知应选D。14(2021北京海淀区高三质检)If you dont know what their shortcomings are，your chances of overcoming them are very_AslimBoptimisticCdistantDobvious解析：选A。考查形容词词义辨析。句意：假如你不知道他们的缺点是什么，那么你战胜他们的可能性就会很小。slim“小的，少的”；optimistic “乐观的”；distant“遥远的”；obvious“明显的，明显的”。依据句意可知应选A。15(2021安徽皖南八校高三联考)Judging from all the data，you could _conclude that the price of silver will continue to rise.AgraduallyBlogicallyCgenuinelyDoptionally解析：选B。考查副词词义辨析。句意：从全部的数据来看，你能从规律上断定银的价格会连续上涨。gradually“渐渐地，逐步地”；logically“在规律上，合乎规律地”；genuinely“真正地”；optionally“任凭地”。依据句意可知应选B。