2021广东从化市高考英语语法填空阅读类基础练习(6)【附答案】.docx

2021广东从化市高考英语语法填空阅读类基础练习（6）【附答案】

语法填空。
阅读下面短文，依据句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16—25的相应位置上。
Paul Lucas can often be seen walking around the city of San Francisco. Sometimes people are surprised to see him walking 16 any shoes or socks, 17 Lucas doesn’t mind at all. 18 likes to walk barefoot, and so do 640 other members of Dirty Sole Society, the club that Lucas 19 (start) years ago. Lucas’ idea for this is to encourage others to live 20 (free) --- free of shoes.
According to Lucas, the barefoot life has many advantages. 21 most important is simply that it feels good. He also says 22 walking barefoot allows you to experience the world directly by touching it with your feet. 23 addition, the feet do not smell as much because they stay dry, making it hard for bacteria to grow. And, of course, 24 (walk) barefoot keeps your feet in good shape, so it’s actually 25 (healthy) than wearing shoes.
【参考答案】语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分l5分)
16. without 17. but 18. He 19. started 20. freely
21. The 22. that 23. In 24. walking 25. healthier

完形填空。阅读下面短文，把握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳答案。
People think children should play sports. Sports are fun, and playing with others. However, playing sports can have __1 effects on children. It may produce feelings of poor self-respect or aggressive behavior in some children. According to research on kids and sports, 40,000,000 kids play sports in the US. Of these, 18,000,000 say they have been __2 at or called names while playing sports. This leaves many children with a bad __3 of sports. They think sports are just too aggressive.
Many researchers believe adults, especially parents and coaches, are the main _4 of too much aggression ill children's sports. They believe children _5 _ aggressive adult behavior. This behavior is then further strengthened through both positive and negative feedback. Parents and coaches are powerful teachers because children usually look up to them. Often these adults behave aggressively themselves, sending children the message that__6 is everything. Many parents go to children's sporting events and shout _7 _ at other players or cheer when their child behaves _8__. As well, children arc even taught that hurting other players is _ 9 or are pushed to continue playing even when they are injured _10 , the media makes violence seem exciting. Children watch adult sports games and see violent behavior replayed over and over on television.
As a society, we really need to 11 this problem and do something about it. Parents and coaches _12 should act as better examples for children. They also need to teach children better__13 . They should not just cheer when children win or act aggressively. They should teach children to _14 _ , themselves whether they win or not. Besides, children should not be allowed to continue to play when they are injured. If adults allow children to play when injured, this gives the message that __15 is not as important as winning.
( ) 1. A. restrictive B. negative C. active D. instructive
( ) 2. A. knocked B. glanced C. smiled D. shouted
( ) 3. A. impression B. concept C. taste D. expectation
( ) 4. A. resource B. cause C. course D. consequence
( ) 5. A. question B. understand C. copy D. neglect
( ) 6. A. winning B. practicing C. fun D. sport
( ) 7. A. praises B. orders C. remarks D. insults
( ) 8. A. proudly B. ambitiously C. aggressively D. bravely
( ) 9. A. acceptable B. impolite C. possible D. accessible
( ) 10. A. By contrast B. In addition C. As a result D. Afterall
( ) 11. A. look up to B. face up to C. make up for D. come up with
( ) 12. A. in particular B. in all C. in return D. in advance
( ) 13. A. techniques B. means C. values D. directions
( ) 14. A. respect B. relax C. forgive D. enjoy
( ) 15. A. body B. fame C. health D. spirit

【答案与解析】
主要内容是：人们一般认为孩子要进行运动，由于运动是好玩的，而且可以使孩子保持身体健康。然而，对孩子来说，进行体育运动也有消极的作用。
1. B．依据句中的however可知此处是表示了语意的转折，那么就要选择一个表示否定、消极的意义的词，所以选择negative。restrictive是“受约束的，限制的”，active是“乐观的”，instructive是“有训练意义的”，都不合题意。
2. D．此处的shout at和后面的call names构成并列关系，简洁选出。
3. A．依据句意“这会给孩子留下不好的印象”，leave impression是“留下印象”的意思。
4. B．依据句意知“很多争辩人员认为，成年人，尤其是父母和教练，是在孩子的运动毁灭很多攻击/侵略行为的起因”，导致某事发生的缘由用cause,其他三项意思不合句意。
5. C．依据上下文可知，“他们认为孩子在仿照/复制成年人的行为”，故选择copy。
6. A．据上下文知道，大人们经常是有意无意地把这样的信息传达给孩子，那就是“在运动中取胜就是一切”，所以，选择winning。
7. D．在运动中对其他的选手，即对手当然是insults(辱骂/污辱的言行)。
8. C．大人们常由于自己的孩子在运动中表现出进攻性、侵略性动作时就为之欢呼、加油。
9. A．同样，孩子们甚至被训练到损害对手是可以被接受的，所以选择acceptable, impolite是“不礼貌的”，possible是“可能的”，accessible是“易接近的”，均不合题意。
10. B．这里是又说到了另外的一个方面，即media的作用，所以，此处要填in addition。
11. B．此处考查短语意思辨析。face up to是“面对，直面”的意思，符合句意。look up to是“敬重”的意思，make up for是“弥补，补偿”的意思，come up with是“提出，供应，赶上”的意思，都不合句意。
12. A．此处填in particular表示“尤其”，强调尤其是父母或教练应当给孩子们树立起好的榜样。in all是“总共”，in return是“作为报答，作为回报”,in advance是“提前”的意思，都不合此处意思。
13. C．依据句意，“父母或教练应当教给孩子更好的价值观”，而不是“技术、手段、方向”。
14. D．enjoy oneself 是固定搭配，意为“过得快活”，其他三项意思不符。
15. C．依据句意“假如大人们告知孩子受伤了也要连续进行运动，他们就给了孩子这样的信息，即：生命健康不如获胜重要”，所以此处要选择health，而不是body(身体)，fame(名誉)，spirit(精神)。

阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (A、B、C和D) 中, 选出最佳选项。
(2021·乌鲁木齐三诊，B)
Nowadays, it seems that everybody wants to be a leader. Countless books about how to manage a company or influence others fill bookstores. But one needn't be a CEO or Politician to be a leader. Former U. S. President John Adams said, “If your action inspires others to dream more, learn more, do more and become more, you are a leader.”
The key to becoming such a leader lies in character. People follow only those whom they respect, trust and admire. What attractive traits does such a leader have? Below are five of the most important.
Leaders have courage
The New York firefighters who ran into the burning World Trade Tower to rescue others are modernday models of courage. Yet even more than physical courage, the everyday demands of modern life require moral courage. Insisting on doing the right thing despite pressure to act otherwise takes such courage.
Leaders must face fear and doubt in many of the decisions they make. Having these feelings doesn't mean one isn't courageous. After all, courage is not the absence of fear. Rather, it's doing the right thing despite one's fears.
Leaders are humble
Being humble simply means having an accurate view of one's own limitations. Everybody has limitations. Leaders deal with theirs by seeking help from others.
When leaders seek help, they recognize the skills that order other people bring to the table. And when they are successful, leaders generously praise all who contributed to the success. Humble leaders don't promote themselves; they promote others.
Learning is a lifelong goal, no matter one's position. Humble leaders are never too proud to learn from all sources of knowledge—even those under them.
Leaders serve others
Just Christ said，“If anyone wants to be first, he must be the very last, and the servant of all.” Leaders serve others and put the needs of others before themselves. They make the good of everyone on the team a personal priority.
Leaders who serve others help the whole team accomplish more. Leaders do things to make sure everybody has the resources needed. They go the extra mile to help out during a busy rush. When leaders serve, followers are also encouraged to serve each other.
Leaders have passion
Money or success can motivate someone to show up for an activity. But what motivates one to really put his heart into something? The answer is passion—the feeling that the activity is significant.
Outstanding leaders inspire others because they are motivated by passion for what they do. Leaders show the significance of routine work to others by emphasizing the big picture. They demonstrate how an activity not only benefits the individual, but also one's family, community and entire society. Their passion ignites the passion of others.
Leaders have integrity
One's integrity can be measured by what one does when nobody is looking. Leaders practice what they preach all the time, not just in the presence of others. Leaders also set the example for integrity. If a leader values being punctual, he arrives early.
Leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do. By following these principles, you can become a better person. And that in turn will make you a better leader.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了领导者的特征和品质，要做一名领导者不愿定要做CEO或政客，假如你的行为能激励他人，让他人学到更多，做得更多，成就更多，你就是一名领导者。
5．Which should be the very beginning of the text?
A．Strong and effective leadership might have made the team more successful.
B．Leadership is the position of being the leader.
C．Leadership is not just about what you know or do—it's also about who you are!
D．Leadership refers to the set of characteristics.
答案：C　推理推断题。依据最终一段第一句“Leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do.”可知，本文主要叙述领导并不是关于他们所懂的和所做的，而是关于他们个人的品德特征等，首段通常与尾段相呼应，故C项正确。
6．What does the underlined word “traits” probably mean?
A．A strong point that one who serves in a special field should be skilled in.
B．A particular characteristic that can produce a particular type of behavior.
C．A physical or mental power that is needed to do something.
D．A clear purpose that a good leader should work with.
答案：B　词义猜想题。依据该句中的“such a leader have”以及下文所介绍的领导者的五个重要的品德特征可知，traits意为“人的共性特点”，故B项正确。
7．This action “If a leader wants everyone to work hard, he works harder.” belongs to ________.
A．Leaders are humble
B．Leaders serve others
C．Leaders have passion
D．Leaders have integrity
答案：D　推理推断题。依据倒数其次段第三句“Leaders also set the example for integrity.”可知，领导者往往起到榜样的作用，由此可推出，“领导者想要他人努力工作，他也努力工作”能体现出Leaders have integrity这个品质。故D项正确。
8．What could be the best title for the text?
A．A Leader's Character
B．A Leader for an Organization
C．The Abilities of a Leader
D．The Responsibilities of a Leader
答案：A　标题概括题。依据其次段最终两句“What attractive traits does such a leader have? Below are five of the most important.”以及最终一段第一句“Leadership is more about who you are than what you know or can do.”可知，本文主要叙述了领导者的品质。故A项正确。

阅读理解。
It was a village in India. The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy. After all, their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries. Then one day. Some visitors from the city arrived. The told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog's legs. However, they did not have enough frogs of their own, and so they wanted to buy frogs from other place. This seemed like money for nothing. There were millions of frogs in the fields around, and they were no use to the villagers. All they had to do was catch them. Agreement was reached, and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs. Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money. For the first time, the people were able to dream of a batter future. But the dream didn't last long. The change was hardly noticed at first, but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well. More worrying was that the children fell ill more often, and, there seemed to be more insects around lately. The villagers decided that they couldn't just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak. They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides(杀虫剂) and medicines. Soon there was no money left. Then the people realized what was happening. It was the frog. They hadn't been useless. They had been doing an important job---eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases. Now, the people are still poor. But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs. These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning.
( ) 1. From paragraph I we learn that the villagers __________.
A. worked very hard for centuries
B. dreamed of having a better life
C. were poor but somewhat content
D. lived a different life from their forefathers
( ) 2. Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs?
A. the frogs were easy money
B. They needs money to buy medicine
C. they wanted to please the visitors
D. the frogs made too much noise
( ) 3. What might be the cause of the children's sickness?
A. the crops didn't do well
B. there were too many insects
C. the visits brought in diseases
D. the pesticides were overused
( ) 4. What can we infer from the last sentence of the text?
A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country
B. Health is more important than money
C. The harmony between man and nature is important
D. good old day will never be forgotten
1. C.细节理解题.第一段中有 The people were poor. However, they were not unhappy.和 C 项意思全都.
2. A.细节理解题.依据第三段和本段第一句 This seemed like money for nothing.句中 for nothing 是"免费的"意思,说明青蛙简洁得到,并能赚到钱,村民才答应买.
3. B.推理推断题.依据倒数其次段中 They had been doing an important job---eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.可以推断出庄稼收成不好, 孩子生病与青蛙削减, 害虫增多有关.
4. C.推理推断题.最终一句 These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning. 现 在夜晚的这些声音具有更深刻的意义. 该句是一个中介句, 说明人们过度捕杀造成生态失衡, 由此也影响了人类,因此,可以推断人与自然的和谐是重要.