2021高考英语(浙江专用)大二轮总复习-第2部分-语法专题-专题10-名词和冠词.docx

1You shall get an iPhone as long as you come first in the contest.Is that a _？Dont let me down, I hope.Atrick Bdecision Cpromise Dgoal解析考查名词词义辨析。trick表示“阴谋，花招”；decision表示“打算”；promise表示“诺言，许诺”；goal表示“目的，目标”。语境表示“那是一个承诺吗？”答案C2South Korean rapper PSYs hit song Gangnam Style made _ history on December 20 as _ firstever video on youtube. com to reach I billion views.Athe；the B/；the Ca；a D/；a解析第一空make history表示“载入史册，制造历史”，是固定词组；firstever意为“首次的”，此处特指第一个，故其次空应用定冠词the。答案B3_ most efficient way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _ good knowledge of basic word formation.AA；a BThe；/ CA；/ DThe；the解析考查冠词的用法。句意：理解成千上万个新单词的一种格外有效的方法就是很好地把握基本的构词法。most与不定冠词a连用时，most相当于very，意为“格外”；gain a good knowledge of意为“好好把握的学问”，此处为抽象名词具体化，为常用搭配。答案A4Former Japanese Prime Minister, Yukio Hatoyama, arrived in Beijing for _ fourday visit，which would help build _ channel of communication over the Diaoyu Islands.A/；a Ba；a Cthe；the Da；the解析第一空处表示“一次为期四天的访问”，应用不定冠词；其次空处表示“建立一个沟通的渠道”，表示泛指概念，所以用不定冠词。答案B5China will maintain _ stability of its Renminbi exchange rate all along, which does good for _ world economic recovery, Commerce Minister Chen Deming said.Aa；the Bthe；the Cthe；/ Dthe；a解析句意：商务部部长陈德铭说，中国将始终坚持人民币汇率的稳定性，这对世界经济的恢复是有益的。the stability of its Renminbi exchange rate和the world economic recovery都表示特指，故选B。答案B6Seeing the teacher raising her finger to her lips as a(n) _ for silence, all the students sat down in a standard _.Aindication；situation Bmark；conditionCsign；position Dsymbol；condition解析考查名词的辨析。第一空处表示“一个手势、示意”，应当用sign，意为“示意的动作(或声音)，手势”；而indication意为“标示，象征”，mark意为“标志，表示”，symbol意为“象征”，均不符合语境。其次空处表示“姿势”应当用position。situation意为“形势，状况”，condition意为“条件，环境”，都不符合语境。故答案为C。答案C7I was reading _ magazines in the room when all of _ sudden the light went out.Athe；/ B/；the Cthe；the D/；a解析考查冠词的用法。句意：我在房间里看杂志，突然灯灭了。第一空处magazines是可数名词复数，此处表泛指，其前用零冠词；其次空处all of a sudden是固定搭配，意为“突然”，故答案为D。答案D8Keeping a diary is _ good habit, by which youll make _ great progress in writing.Aa；a Ba；/ Cthe；a Dthe；/解析考查冠词的用法。句意：写日记是一种良好的习惯，通过写日记，你可以在写作上取得很大的进步。第一空处表示一种习惯，是泛指，用不定冠词a；其次空处progress是不行数名词，make progress“取得进步”是固定搭配，故答案为B。答案B9By all _，you must try every _ to help him.Amean；mean Bmeans；meansCmeans；mean Dmean；means解析本题考生易误选C。其实，means作“方式，方法”讲时，单复数同形。而by all means是固定短语。故答案为B。答案B10The basic strategy to change bad behavior is to guide right _ of teenagers by using some right public opinions, good models and perfect personalities.Aremarks Bcomments Cvalues Dcosts解析考查名词。句意：转变不良行为的基本策略是通过一些正确的舆论导向、榜样示范和完善人格对青少年进行正确的价值观指导。remark“谈论”，comment“评论”，values“价值观”，cost“成本”。答案C11The wild goats _ on the vast grasslands was an indication of a better environment.Aescape Babsence Cattendance Dappearance解析考查名词。句意：在宽敞的草原上野羊的消灭是环境好转的标志。appearance“消灭”，符合语境。escape“逃脱”；absence“缺席，不在”；attendance“出席，参与”。答案D12While the book is welcomed by scholars, it will have an immediate _ for the general readers.Areward Baid Cappeal Dbudget解析考查名词。依据题意“这本书受到学者的欢迎，同时也会引起一般读者的爱好”可知选C。appeal“吸引力”。reward“酬劳，嘉奖”，aid“挂念”，budget“预算”，均不符合题意。答案C13What did you think of _ president?I didnt care for him at first, but after _ time I got to like him.Athe；a B不填；theCthe；the D不填；a解析考查冠词。问句的意思是“你认为那位总统怎么样”，所以第一空表示特指；答句中的after a time意为“过了一段时间”。答案A14I appeal, as _ human being to human beings：remember your humanity and forget _ rest.Aa；a Ba；theCthe；不填 D不填；the解析考查冠词。第一空处human being是可数名词，此处表泛指；the rest表示“其余的”。我，作为一个人向全人类呼吁：牢记你的人性，遗忘其他的。答案B15There are many _ that must be met before a sport can be considered by the International Olympic Committee(IOC)Arequirements BpresentationsCcommitments Dappointments解析考查名词辨析。句意：必需在满足很多条件后，一个运动项目才会被国际奥委会考虑。requirement“必备的条件”，符合语意。presentation“提交，上演”；commitment“承诺，保证”；appointment“商定，委任”。答案A16It may take a long time to find a _ to the problem but we will never give up.Aresolution Bmethod Csolution Ddevotion解析考查名词辨析。句意：或许要花很长时间才能找到解决这个问题的方法，但是我们不会放弃。solution指解决问题的方法，与介词to搭配，符合语意。resolution“决议，解决”；method“方法”，常与of搭配使用；devotion“关爱，奉献”。答案C17I want to buy a pair of shoes; can you give me some advice?The store at the corner has an excellent _ for fair dealing.Aexpression BreputationCinvolvement Dcondition解析考查名词辨析。句意：我想买双鞋，你能给我些建议吗？拐角处的那个店买卖公正，声誉极佳。reputation“名声，名誉”，符合语意。expression“表达”，involvement“参与”，condition“条件，状况”，均与语意不符。答案B18Tony had a firstrate education and this gave him a(n) _ over other boys who had not been well educated.Acontrol BtendencyCrestriction Dadvantage解析考查名词辨析。句意：托尼曾受过一流的训练，这一点使他比其他未受良好训练的男孩更有优势。依据语意可知应选advantage“优势”。control“把握”，tendency“倾向，趋势”，restriction“限制”，均与语意不符。答案D19Excuse me，could you tell me the way to _ Smiths，please?Sorry，we dont have _ Smith here in the village.Athe；a Ba；theCa；不填 Dthe；不填解析考查冠词。第一空“the姓氏的复数的全部格形式”表示“某人的家”，此处指“史密斯的家”；其次空a Smith表示“一个叫史密斯的人”。故A项正确。答案A20I like reading books about _ story of Sang Lan who has _ positive attitude towards life.Athe；the Ba；aCa；不填 Dthe；a解析考查冠词。第一空处特指桑兰的故事，故用定冠词the；have a positive attitude towards表示“对抱着乐观的态度。”答案D用名词的一些固定搭配或与冠词相关的结构替换画线部分内容1. I saw a lot of rubbish in the street the other day.I _ a lot of rubbish in the street the other day.2You should spend your spare time improving English.You should _ your spare time to improve English.3The teacher entered the office，with_a_book_in_his_hand.The teacher entered the office，_ _.4Although_she_is_a_child，she shows a great passion for the stars._，she shows a great passion for the stars.答案1.caught sight of2.make full use of3.book in hand4.Child though/as she is