2021高考英语(江苏专用)大二轮总复习定时训练10.docx

定时训练(10)　

Ⅰ.专题特训(介词与介词短语)　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
1．Most Americans would prefer to keep their problems ________ themselves, and solve their problems ______ themselves.
A．to；by B．by；to C．for；to D．in；on
解析　句意：大多数美国人宁愿有问题自己扛和靠自己解决问题。考查介词。keep sth to oneself＝not tell other people about sth不把某事告知别人。如：I'd be grateful if you kept this information to yourself.这事你若能保密则不胜感谢。by oneself “单独地，独自地”。
答案　A
2．She's got the job because she has the advantage ________ others of knowing many languages.
A．over B．above C．against D．beyond
解析　句意：她得到了那份工作，由于她有超越其他人的优势，那就是她懂很多种语言。考查介词。have the advantage over sb “赛过某人”为固定搭配。
答案　A
3．We do not think the twelfth five－year plan for our city is practical ________ recent developments.
A．in view of B．in favor of
C．in case of D．in memory of
解析　句意：就最近的进展状况来看，我们认为我们的第12个5年城市规划是不实际的。考查介词短语。in view of “鉴于，考虑到”。易错选C。混淆了in view of和in case of的含义。
答案　A
4．My daughter is really ________ Weibo these days; she spent hours on it daily.
A．up B．into C．onto D．with
解析　考查介词搭配。句意：我女儿最近对微博很着迷，她每天都在上面花费几个小时的时间。be into...意为“对……着迷，热衷于……”。符合语境。故答案选B。
答案　B
5．The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped ________ the floors. People in it had no way out and were in panic.
A．among B．on C．between D．in
解析　考查介词辨析。句意：那栋高楼的电梯出了故障，被卡在了两层楼之间。困在里面的人没方法出去，他们都很慌张。依据常识可知，电梯应是被卡在任意两层楼之间，表示两者之间应用“between”一词。故答案选C。
答案　C
6．Who is it up ________ decide whether to go or not?
A．to to B．or for C．to for D．with to
解析　考查介词。句意：由谁打算去还是不去呢？up to sb to do sth “由某人打算做某事”。
答案　A
7．There is no need for you to go on a diet; you are only slightly overweight ________ your height.
A．in case of B．in relation to
C．in return for D．in response to
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：你没有必要节食，你和你的身高相比，你只是略微超重。In case of万一；in relation to和……相关；in return for作为回报；in response to回应。依据题意可知选B项。
答案　B
8．—What do you mean ________ saying “The boy is overgrowing”？
—I mean that he is tall ________ his age.
A．about；with B．as to；for
C．by；for D．by；to
解析　考查介词的用法。句意：——“The boy is overgrowing”是什么意思？——我的意思是：他比他这个年龄的孩子高。你的意思是什么常用句型“What do you mean by...？”，故第一空填by；其次空表示对于他这个年龄的孩子来说，故用for，所以本题选C项。
答案　C
9．Repair work is ________ progress on the south－bound lane of the highway and will continue until June.
A．on B．in C．of D．at
解析　考查介词的用法。进展中常用表达in progress，故本题选B项。
答案　B
10．Some plants can take in carbon dioxide we breathe out and give ________ oxygen to us.
A．in case B．in turn
C．in return D．in addition
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：一些植物能吸取我们呼出的二氧化碳并放出氧气。In case万一；in turn相反；in return作为回报；in addition另外。依据题意可知选C项。
答案　C
11．After the earthquake，the villagers decided to build a monument ________ the rescue workers who lost their lives.
A．in search of B．in place of
C．in need of D．in memory of
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：震后，村民们打算建筑一座纪念碑以纪念那些失去生命的救援工作人员。in search of查找；in place of代替； in need of需要；in memory of纪念，依据句意可知选D项。
答案　D
12．—You must have spoken to him today.
—________ I haven't.
A．As a matter of fact B．Frankly speaking
C．Unluckily D．You're right
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意： 你今日肯定和他说过话了。实际上，我并没有和他说话。must have done表示对过去的猜想，意为：肯定。As a matter of fact实际上，故选A。Frankly speaking坦白的说；Unluckily不幸的是；You're right.正是这样。
答案　A
13．Mike is kind，determined and full of energy.________，I can't speak too highly of him.
A．As a result B．In a word
C．By the way D．On the contrary
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：麦克是一位和善，有决心并布满活力的人。总之，我怎么表扬他都不过分。In a word总之；as a result结果；by the way顺便说一下；on the contrary相反。依据句意可知选B项。
答案　B
14．I went along thinking nothing ________，just looking at things around me.
A．in brief B．in doubt
C．in particular D．in harmony
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：我始终走着，没特殊想些什么，只是看看四周的东西。in brief简洁扼要地；in doubt 怀疑地；in harmony 和谐地；in particular特殊，尤其。依据句意故选C项。
答案　C
15．After walking a whole day, I was almost ________，not feeling bad, though.
A．out of shape B．out of breath
C．out of control D．out of order
解析　考查介词短语辨析。句意：走了一成天之后，我几乎喘不起来，但是也不怎么糟糕。Out of shape变形的，走样的，(人)身体不好；out of breath上气不接下气的；out of control失去把握的；out of order次序颠倒的，不整齐的，状态不好的。
答案　B
16．I looked ________ the direction of the voice, only to find it was a lovely dog.
A．to B．toward C．in D．for
解析　考查介词词义辨析。句意：我顺着声音的方向看去，结果发觉是一只可爱的小狗。in the direction of朝某个方向看，这里是固定短语，应选C项。
答案　C
17．It is said that about 60% of housewives have a brand ________ before entering the store.
A．in mind B．on sale
C．in possession D．on purpose
解析　考查介词词义辨析。句意：据说60%的家庭主妇在购物之前心里都有一个品牌。in mind心中；on sale减价；in possession 拥有；on purpose有意的。依据题意选A项。
答案　A
18．________ sales of cars up by 30% last year, the traffic in Beijing has become increasingly terrible.
A．As B．Since C．For D．With
解析　考查介词词义辨析。句意：伴随着汽车的销售去年增长了 30%，北京的交通变得越来越糟糕。as 作介词时，意为“作为；犹如”。since 作介词时，意为“自从”。for 作介词时，意为“为了；由于”。with 作介词时，意为“用；随着；和……在一起”。本题在空格之后消灭了 last year，句中也消灭了现在完成时，很简洁让同学错选 since。 since 后使用表示过去的时间点，比如 1992，two years ago，不是一般的名词词组。
答案　D
19．The sentence，which puzzled John，was also ________ me and we had to turn to our English teacher for help.
A．beyond B．over C．after D．off
解析　考查介词词义辨析。 句意：这个句子难住了约翰，我也不会了，所以我们只好找英语老师帮忙。beyond超越，在……那一边，beyond sb.超越了某人的力量或某人理解不了。
答案　A
20．Growing up in a tough environment, the brothers went ________ thick and thin together.
A．over B．across C．with D．through
解析　考查介词词义辨析。句意：兄弟俩在困难的环境中成长起来，一起经受了风风雨雨。go over 意为复习；go across穿过；go with和……一起，后接人；go through经受，患病。依据题意可知选D项。
答案　D
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
体裁：说明文　话题：现代科技　时间：5分钟
Anyone who has ever lost keys or money wishes for a simple but effective way to make sure it never happens again.A US company is trying to help.
Using a tiny microchip which is implanted into the arm，they have come up with a replacement for cash or credit cards that cannot be left at home or dropped on the bus.
The Verichip is about the size of a grain of rice and works using radio frequency identification technology.At a shop，a radio frequency “reader” would send a signal and the chip in your arm would respond with your unique identity number.That would give the “reader” your financial information，and money could be taken directly from your accounts and you wouldn't even have to reach for your wallet.
The company also hopes to include other information on the chip，such as medical records，building security codes(密码)and passwords，making life even easier.
But not everyone is happy with the developments.Critics say that a lot can go wrong with the chip.A clever thief could build a fake(假的) reader that would steal your information without you knowing.So your money could still be stolen.Privacy is a big issue too.Stores，or even the government，only need to track the chip to find out what you buy，how much you spend and where you go.
And if you want to get rid of your chip，you would need an operation to remove it.
【语篇导读】　本文主要介绍了一种新产品the Verichip。
1．The Verichip is______．
A．the identity number B．the security code
C．a tiny microchip D．a radio reader
解析　细节理解题。由其次段提到的“a tiny microchip which is implanted into the arm”和第三段的第一句可知，the Verichip 大约像米粒那么大，再依据第三段其次句提到的“the chip in your arm”可知C项正确。
答案　C
2．Which is true of the Verichip?
A．Your information on it will always be safe.
B．Medical records have already been included.
C．You can easily reach for your wallet using it.
D．An operation has to be performed to remove it.
解析　细节理解题。依据最终一段中的“you would need an operation to remove it”可知D项正确。
答案　D
3．What can be inferred from the text?
A．All people are satisfied with the chip.
B．The Verichip company has financial problems.
C．The chip needs improving to be widely accepted.
D．Many people have the experience of losing keys or money.
解析　推理推断题。依据第五段的内容可推知，芯片仍需改进。故选C项。
答案　C
4．The author's purpose of writing the text is most likely to ________．
A．warn B．advertise C．compare D．introduce
解析　写作意图题。本文为说明文，主要介绍了一种新产品the Verichip。故选D项。
答案　D
B
体裁：说明文　话题：人生经受　时间：6分钟
Bob Fox arrived in a well－used truck.He brought something to light a fire with，a smoker，a long－handled brush，a metal hive(蜂箱)tool，and a hive.

As Bob moved about，he said in a low，calm voice，“You'd be amazed how many people call me with a swarm(一大群)like this；and by the time I come，they've destroyed the whole thing，down to the last bee.” We all shook our heads.
Bob said this swarm was impressive，about 15，000 bees.He placed the hive in a proper place.Holding the smoker close to the swarm，Bob pumped the bellows(风箱)．Smoke has a calming effect on bees.Bob said this group was easy to deal with.They were heavy with honey，and their main purpose was to hold the group together until they could find a new hive.
He continued to smoke the swarm and make the bees fall into the hive.Most bees would only follow the queen to a new living place (yes，she has ladies－in－waiting that tend her every need)．By dusk，most of the bees had disappeared into the hive.
“Well，it looks like we've got them all，” I looked hopefully in Bob's direction.He paused.“If you don't mind，we'll wait a bit longer，” he said. “They have sent out scouts，and I want to be sure we don't leave any behind.” So we waited.And，look! Scouts returned.
If the hive is healthy，the bees will increase in population.When the queen senses that it's time for the hive to split，she will lose weight so she can fly，and then leave the hive with a large part of the bees.The bees left behind will hurry to hatch another queen and rebuild.
If one day you find a swarm of bees in your backyard，call a local beekeeper.Then sit back and enjoy the show.Get your camera，because you'll want to share this amazing phenomenon with everyone you know，especially children.And if you've gone this far，you might as well buy a hive of your own.We did.
【语篇导读】　假如你家后院有一窝蜜蜂，你就可以叫来当地的养蜂人，然后你就可以安静地坐着观赏养蜂人是如何娴熟地把大群的蜜蜂魔术般地收入蜂箱。本文叙述的就是养蜂人Bob Fox 逮蜜蜂的过程。
5．Bob thought the bees weren't difficult to handle mainly because ______．
A．they were too heavy with honey to move about
B．his smoke had a better effect on them
C．all of them were heavy in weight
D．they didn't find a new hive
解析　考查细节理解。依据第三段最终一句“They were heavy with honey，and their main purpose was to hold the group together until they could find a new hive.”可知，这群蜜蜂在找到新的蜂窝之前会聚集在一起，所以Bob认为这群蜜蜂不难收集。
答案　D
6．Bob wanted to wait a little longer because ______．
A．there might be some bees that hadn't come back
B．those bees he had sent away didn't return
C．the longer he stayed，the more honey he'd collect
D．the queen hadn't turned up
解析　考查细节理解。依据第五段可知，Bob认为蜜蜂会派出侦察员，这些侦察员现在可能还没有从外面返回，Bob不想把它们落下。所以A项正确。
答案　A
7．We can infer from the last but one paragraph______．
A．there is only one queen in a hive
B．the queen will leave if she finds no one supports her
C．the queen must keep fit to control others
D．fatty queens are not welcome in a hive
解析　考查推理推断。文章的倒数其次段讲到，蜂王感觉到了该分家的时候便会携大批蜜蜂飞走，而剩下的蜜蜂便赶忙孵化另一只蜂王，文中的another queen是解题的关键，据此可推断出，一个蜂窝里应当只有一只蜂王。
答案　A
8．What do we know of Bob Fox?
A．He is a local beekeeper.
B．He is fond of smoking the bees for fun.
C．He usually makes the bees fall into the hive and kills them.
D．When people are attacked by a swarm of bees，he'll be called to drive them away.
解析　考查细节理解。文章最终一段第一句话“假如你在你家后院发觉了一窝蜜蜂，就给当地的养蜂人打电话”示意Bob是当地的一位养蜂人，全文对他捕蜂过程的描述也证明白这一点。
答案　A
【长难句解读】
原文　Get your camera，because you'll want to share this amazing phenomenon with everyone you know, especially children.
译文　带上你的相机，由于你会想与你生疏的每一个人尤其是孩子们共享这惊人的现象。
分析　该句是一个祈使句，其中包含一个由because引导的缘由状语从句，在该从句中还有一个省略that的定语从句you know修饰先行词everyone。