高中英语必修3unit5导学案知识讲解.doc

高中英语必修3unit5导学案

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高一英语必修三导学案
Unit 5 Canada — “The True North”
单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）
词汇
部分[来源:学科网ZXXK]
词语
辨析[来源:学科网]
1. within / in 2. broad / wide / widely / broadly 3. in / on / to (表示方位)
4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth.[来源:学科网ZXXK]
词形
变化
1. Canada n.加拿大
Canadian adj.加拿大
的 n.加拿大人

2. multi-
(构词成分) 有很多……的
multicultural adj.多元文化的multiracial adj.多种族的
multicoloured adj.多色的 multimedia n.&adj. 多媒体(的)
3. extreme adj.极度(端)的； n.极端，过分
extremely adv.极端地；非常地
distantly adv. 淡然地
4. slightly adv. 轻微地
slight adj.轻微的；纤细的

5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准
confirmation n. 证实

6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰
富的
wealthily adv.富有地，丰富地
wealth n. 财富
7. distance n. 距离
distant adj. 远方的

8. tradition n. 传统，惯例
traditional adj.传统的，习惯的
traditionally adv传统上的
9. approximately adv. 近似
地，几乎正确地
approximate adj.大概的vt.接近vi.(to) 近似

重点
单词
1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊
2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的
3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕
4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施
5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配
6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
7. terrify vt. 使恐怖；恐吓
8. impress vt. 使印象深刻
重点
词组
1. rather than 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿
2. settle down 坐下或躺下；（使）安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等
3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见
4. have a gift for... 对……有天赋
5. in the distance在远处；在远方
6. as far as 远到，直到；至于
重点句子
1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres.
2. There is more fresh water in Canada than in any other country in the world.
重点语法
同位语从句（见语法部分）
语言要点（模块）
Ⅰ.词语辨析 (旨在提供完形填空所需材料)
1. within / in
【解释】
within指在时间或距离范围之内，表示“在这一范围内”，“不到”或“不超过”，常和一般将来时，一般现在时或一般过去时连用
in 是经过若干时间，表示“过多少时间”时，通常和一般将来时连用
[经典例句] I’ ll be there within an hour.（一小时之内）/ I’ ll be there in an hour.（一小时之后）
【练习】根据句子意思用within或in填空。
1). My birthday is six days away. = My birthday is ______ six days’ time / is ______ six days.
2) He finished drawing the horse ______ ______five minutes.
3). Keep the dictionary _______ your reach. the ground is all wet.
4). My house is_____ walking distance of my university.
答案：1). in; in 2). in / within 3). within 4). within
2. broad / wide / widely / broadly
【解释】
broad adj. 宽阔的(着重于幅面的宽广)；可修饰背、肩、胸、心胸等的宽阔；开朗
wide adj.&adv. 宽阔的(着重于一边到另一边的宽度)；广泛的
widely adv. 很开(阔)；广泛(多用于引伸意义中)
broadly adv. 广泛地；大体上(generally)
【练习】根据句子意思用broad，wide，widely，broadly填空。
1). The hotel manager was shocked and stoof there with his mouth ______ open.
2). He was six feet tall, with ______ shoulders.
3). English is _______ used all over the world.
4). _______ speaking, I agree with you.
5). The room is three metres long and two metres _______.
答案：1). wide 2). broad 3). widely 4). Broadly 5). wide / broad
3. in / on / to (表示方位)
【解释】
in “在……之内”，即一个小地方处在一个大地方的范围(疆域)之内。
on “在……端／边”，即一个地方在另一个地方的某一端或某一边，两个地方只是相邻或接壤，却互不管辖。
to “在……面”，即一个地方在另一个地方的范围之外，互不管辖。尤其当两个地方相隔较远，且有湖泊、大海等区域相隔时，通常用to。把河流、山脉、铁路等事物当做两地的分界线或基点，且不说明河流、山脉、铁路等是属于哪一方，通常使用介词to，译为“以……(方向)”。此外，表示一个地方离另一个地方有多远，也用to。
【练习】根据句子意思用in，on，to填空。
1). China faces the Pacific ______ the east.
2). China lies ______ the east of Asia and ______ the east of Japan.
3). North Korea is ______ the northeast of China.
4). Taiwan is ______ the southeast of Fujian Province.
5). The little town lies about one hundred miles ______ the west of Guilin.
答案：1). on 2). in; to 3). on 4). to 5). to
4. manage to do sth. / try to do sth. / attempt to do sth. / seek to do sth.
【解释】
manage to do sth.= succeed in doing sth. difficult 设法做成某些困难的事
try to do sth. = seek to do sth. 设法做某事（不一定做成）
attempt to do sth.= try to so sth. difficult设法做某些困难的事（不一定做成）
【练习】根据句子意思用manage，try，attempt，seek的适当形式填空。
1). He was stubborn, but we _______ to persuade him.
2). He _______ to swim across the river, but failed.
答案：1). managed 2). tried/sought/attempted
Ⅱ.词性变化（旨在提供语法填空所需材料）
1. Canada n.加拿大
Canadian adj.加拿大的
n.加拿大人

2. multi- (构词成分) 有
很多……的
multicultural adj.多元文化的multiracial adj.多种族的
multicoloured adj.多色的 multimedia n.&adj.多媒体(的)
3. extreme adj.极度(端)的； n.极端，过分
extremely adv.极端地；非常地
distantly adv. 淡然地
4. slightly adv. 轻微地
slight adj.轻微的；纤细的

5. confirm vt. 证实，肯定；确认；批准
confirmation n. 证实

6. wealthy adj. 富有的；丰
富的
wealthily adv.富有地，丰富地
wealth n. 财富
7. distance n. 距离
distant adj. 远方的

8. tradition n. 传统，惯例
traditional adj.传统的，习惯的
traditionally adv传统上的
9. approximately adv. 近似
地，几乎正确地
approximate adj.大概的vt.接近vi.(to) 近似

【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空或翻译。
1). When asked, she _________ (confirmation) that she was going to retire.
2). He left as a poor, working class boy and returned as a ________ (wealth) man.
3). Instead of stopping to speak, she passed by with only a ________ (distance) nod.
4). Britain is increasingly a ________ (多元文化的) society.
5). Earthquakes are ________ (extreme) difficult to predict.
6). The ________ ( distant) between his house and school is quite short.
7). The color black is ________ (tradition) associated with mourning.
8). Nowadays many young people still have ________ (tradition) family values.
9). Among my pen pals, two are ________ (Canada).
10). The job will take ________ (approximate) three weeks.
答案：1). confirmed 2). wealthy 3). distant 4). multicultural 5). extremely
6). distance 7). traditionally 8). traditional 9). Canadians 10). approximately

Ⅲ.重点词汇（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. chat vi.&n. 聊天；闲聊
[典例]
1). What were you chatting to him about? 你和他聊了些什麽?
2). I had a long chat with her (about her job).（关於她的工作）我和她聊了很久。
[重点用法]
chat to/with sb (about sth) = have a chat with sb (about sth) 与某人聊天、闲谈……
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式或介词。
1). She often spends hours on the phone _______ (chat) to her friends.
2). We had a nice chat _______ (介词) a cup of tea.
答案：1). chatting 2). over

2. eastward adv. 向东 adj. 向东的；朝东的
[典例]
1). They were traveling eastward(s) to the city which appeared in their dreams. 他们朝着东边向梦想中的城市进发。
2). The plane flied in an eastward direction. 飞机向东边飞去。
[词语归纳]
eastward(s) adj./adv. 向东的，向东地 westward(s) adj./adv. 向西的，向西地
southward(s) adj./adv. 向南的，向南地 northward(s) adj./adv. 向北的，向北地
southeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东南的，向东南地 northeastward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地
southwestward(s) adj./adv. 向西南的，向西南地 northwestward(s) adj./adv. 向东北的，向东北地
[练习] 根据句子的意思在括号里填入适当的词。
1). It is said that Tangseng and his four apprentices(徒弟) traveled ________ in order to obtain the sacred Buddhist scripture.
2). When winter comes, the migratory birds travel in an __________ direction.
答案：1). westward(s) 2). southward(s)

3. surround vt.&vi. 包围；围绕 surrounding adj. 周围的 surroundings (常用pl.)环境
[典例]
1). Trees surround the pond. 树木围绕着池塘。
2). The house was surrounded by high walls. 房子的四周有高墙。
[重点用法]
surround...with... 用……包围…… be surrounded by/with... 周围都是……
[练习] 用surround的短语或其适当形式填空。
1). _______ by a group of children, he felt happy.
2). There is no such kind of modern hospital in the ________ areas.
3). She has always been _______ _______fashionable friends.
4). She hopes to bring up her children in healthy _______.
5). With the house_______, the thief couldn’t flee and was caught.
答案：1). Surrounded 2). surrounding 3). surrounded with 4). surroundings 5). surrounded

4. measure vi.&vt. 测量；衡量；判定 n.[c,u] 尺寸；量具；计量单位；措施
[典例]
1). Can you measure accurately with this ruler? 用这把尺子能量得准吗?
2). It’ s hard to measure his ability when we haven’ t seen his work. 没有见过他的作品, 很难估计他的能力。
[重点用法]
measure A by B 用B衡量A sth. measures 2 metres by 4 metres 某物长4米宽2米
measure sb. for a suit = make a suit to sb’ s measure 给某人量身做一套衣服
[练习] 用measure的短语填空或翻译句子。
1). The tailor made a suit ______ _______ _______.
2). Success isn’ t _______ _______ how much money you have.
3). 我们教室的尺寸是长10米宽6米。
_______________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). to my measure 2). measured by 3). Our classroom measures 6 metres by 10 metres.

5. mix vt.&vi. 混合；调配 mixture n.[u,c] 混合（物）；混合状态
[典例]
1). The chemist mixed (up) some medicine for me. 药剂师给我配了些药。
2). Oil and water don’ t mix. 油和水不能混合。
3). Oil won’ t mix with water. 油不能和水混合。
[词语归纳] mix的短语：
mix A and/with B 把甲与乙拌和起来 mix sth. up 把某物拌和；混淆某物
mix sth. in/into把某物掺进去 be/get mixed up with sth./sb. 与某事有关；与某人混在一起
[练习] 用mix的短语的适当形式或介词填空。
1). Don’ t try to _______ business ______ pleasure.
2). Mix the eggs ______ the flour.
3). I don’ t want to ______ ______ ______ in the affair.
答案：1). mix; with 2). into 3). be mixed up

6. nearby adj.附近的；邻近的 adv.在附近
[典例]
1). Her mother lived in a nearby town. 他的妈妈住在一个附近的城镇。
2). Her mother lived nearby. 他的妈妈住在附近。
[重点用法]
nearby作形容词时，既可放在被修饰词之后也可放在被修饰词之前。如：
There were complaints from nearby residents / residents nearby.

7. terrify vt.使恐怖；恐吓 terrified adj.恐惧的；受惊吓的 terrifying adj.（令人）可怕的
[典例]
1). He terrified his children with ghost stories. 他讲鬼故事吓坏了他的孩子。
2). Her husband’ s violence terrified her. 她丈夫的暴力使她感到恐惧。
[重点用法]
be terrified at/by sth. 被某事（物）恐吓 be terrified of sth. = be afraid of 害怕某事（物）
[练习] 用terrify的适当形式或介词填空。
1). She ______ that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
2). She was terrified ______ the thought that Ronnie would kidnap Sam.
3). It was a ______ experience.
答案：1). was terrified that 2). at 3). terrifying

8. impress vt.使印象深刻；使铭记 impression n.[c]印象；感想 impressive adj.给人印象深刻的
[典例]
1). The sights of the city never fail to impress foreign tourists. 外国游客无一不对该市留有深刻印象。
2). We were most impressed with/by your efficiency. 你的工作效率很高，我们极为钦佩。
[重点用法]
impress sth. on/upon sb. = impress sb. with/by sth. 使某人铭记某事物
make/give/crate an impression on/upon... 给……一个印象
have/get the impression that 有……的印象
[练习] 用impress的短语或介词填空。
1). Father _______ _______ me the value of hard work.
2). One candidate in particular ______ us ______ her knowledge.
3). You ______ an excellent ______ ______ us.
4). When I first met him I ______ ______ ______ ______ he was a humorous man.
答案：1). impressed; on 2). impressed; with 3). made; impression upon 4). had the impression that

Ⅳ.重点词组（旨在提供词汇综合运用材料）
1. rather than... 是……而不是……；与其……不如……；不愿
[典例]
1). He ran rather than walked. 他是跑的而不是走的。
2).Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price与其让蔬菜烂掉，他半价把它们卖掉。
[重点用法]
do A rather than do B = rather than do B, sb. does A 某人不做B却做A
A rather than B 是A而不是B
would rather do A than do B = would do A rather than do B 宁可做A而不做B
prefer to do A rather than do B 最喜欢做A而不做B
would rather sb. did/had done sth. 宁愿某人做某事
注意：rather than表示客观事实，它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。后接不定式时，不定式可以带to，也可以不带to。但rather than位于句首时，则只能接不带to 的不定式。
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). He came running all the way ______ ______walking.
2). Rather than ______ (ride) on a crowded bus, he always prefers ______ (ride) a bicycle.
3). I’ d rather you ______ ______ (not come) yesterday.
4). She likes to keep things in the house ______ ______ throw them away, though many are useless.
5). I think Tom, ______ ______ you, ______ ______ ______ (blame).
6). 他宁愿死也不愿在街上乞讨。_____________________________________________
答案：1). rather than 2). ride; to ride 3). hadn’ t come 4). rather than 5). rather than; is to blame
6). He would rather die than beg in the street. = He would die rather than beg in the street.

2. settle down 舒适地坐下或躺下；（使）安静、安顿、安心；习惯於新的生活方式/工作等
[典例]
1). She settled down in an armchair to read her book. 她舒适地坐在单座沙发上看书。
2). When are you going to marry and settle down? 你什麽时候结婚过上安定生活?
[短语归纳] 与settle相关的短语：
settle down to… 使某人安下心来做…… settle (down) in ... 在……定居下来
settle a dispute/an argument/an issue 解决一争端/争论/问题
[练习] 根据句子意思及要求填空或翻译。
1). Something is disturbing him, so he can’ t ______ ______ ______ (安下心来) his work.
2). He finally settled down to ______ (do) his homework.
3). They have finally ______ _______ ______ Canada.
答案：1). settle down to 2). doing 3). settled down in

3. catch sight of 看见；瞥见
[典例]
He was happy to catch sight of an eagle flying in the sky. 见到一只鹰在天上飞，他很高兴。
[短语归纳] sight短语：
lose sight of 看不见；不再看见 keep sight of 使能看得到；保持看得到的距离
at (the) sight of 一看到（就） in/within sight 可以看见；在视线内
out of sight 看不见；在视线外 have good/poor sight/eyesight 视力好/差
[练习] 用sight的短语填空。
1). ______ ______ ______ his mother, the boy stopped crying.
2). She watched the train until it went ______ ______ ______.
3). I ______ ______ ______ my former teacher just now, but very soon he turned a corner and I ______ _______ ______ him.
4). Be sure to ______ ______ ______ your luggage while you’ re at the airport.
答案：1). At the sight of 2). out of sight 3). caught sight of; lost sight of 4). keep sight of

4. have a gift for... 对……有天赋
[典例]
1). He has a gift for music. 他有音乐天才。
2). You have the gift/talent to learn foreign languages. 你有学外语的天赋。
[重点用法]
have a gift for (doing) sth.= have the gift to do sth. 对……有天赋；有做某事的才能
a man of excellent gifts一个非常有才华的人 a gifted/telented person 一个有天赋的、有才华的人
[练习] 翻译句子。
1). 他天生有着讲故事的才能。
__________________________________________________________________________________
2). 我羡慕他有着作为老师的天赋。
__________________________________________________________________________________
答案：1). He has a (natural) gift for telling / to tell stories. 2). I envy him his great gifts as a teacher.

5. in the distance 在远处；在远方
[典例]
1). We can see the mountain in the distance. 我们从远处就可以看到那座山。
2). Night fell. The hills in the distance turned dark blue. 夜色渐近，远山变成了深蓝色。
[短语归纳] distance短语：
at a distance隔一段距离；距离稍远一些 from a distance从远方
keep a distance别靠近 keep sb. at a distance对某人保持疏远
[练习] 用distance的短语或介词填空。
1). We can see a windmill ______ the distance.
2). The picture looks better ______ a distance.
3). He was asked many times to join the party, but he always ______ ______ ______.
答案： 1). in 2). at 3). kept his distance

6. as far as 远到，直到；至于
[典例]
1). I’ ll walk with you as far as the post office. 我陪你走到邮局。
2). I’ ve read as far as the third chapter. 我已读到第三章了。
[短语归纳] far短语：
as/so far as sb. knows 就某人所知 as far as sb. can see/tell/ remember 就某人看来/所说/所记得
as/so far as sb/sth is concerned 就某人/事物而言 far from sth 毫不；一点也不； 远非
So far, so good. (谚) 到目前为止，一切都很顺利。
[练习] 用far的短语填空。
1). _______ _______ _______ _______ _______ (对我个人来说), you can do what you like.
2). The problem is _______ _______ _______ (绝非易事).
3). We’ ll go by train ______ ______ ______ (直到) London, and then take a bus.
答案：1). As far as I’ m concerned 2). far from easy 3). as far as
Ⅴ.重点句子（旨在提供句子结构等所需材料）
1. It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. 那里空气湿润，因而树木长得相当高，有的超过90米。
[解释]1. so...that 如此……以致于，后跟结果状语从目，常用too to或enough to来变为简单句，如：
She was so angry that she couldn’ t say a word. = She was too angry to say a word. 她太气愤以致于说不出话来。
辨析：so...that与such...that：
so...that与such...that意思一致，that均引导结果状从句，但是so为副词，such为形容词，所以二者所接词不一样的。
① so +adj. / adv. + that从句或so +adj. + a(n) + 单名+ that从句
She is so