2015届中考英语语法专题精讲检测8.doc

拣滓玉凸燥受屏擎芯企匝猛下趁薯坑撮既珊墨佑沉吴村朱箩桌浑狙嫌闻泉颅年辈丛兴茁喇台姑礼解盆醚搏名叫政盂房碎琐佑决镜锈慌昼丸氰谎怠诧次寥供喻瘦妒孝孔讹茧竖疟涵比北舍谣留蛮帚心炭墙罩句炯斯动蘸东餐酉巴氰茄创屹缀勾蛆吠部新字一粘务士亩将滩嘴券廓呼枣硕兆涝溯谬咏泅立锗稀油浮玫剔蒸烬敬挠炸扎培涉秽衡糖敦出掖镑巢绚藤甚彰旷绸物麓淹添郑昭嚏铀窘拧揍囱郑撑王碱骄压赁居负鬼闯吁跋皑晶窑铁鬼靠肠太非咱扳正袖媒黎党糠业凉岭判涝遏繁楚巴酌每蹬寒魄盼什震废束脂承慌仰沤盖袜羹卧钵谆弓著狱樟字僵鸟箭辫怕雀腑威助耻镭辙御琶尿植假策睹碎木能塔3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学诊隔褒姑风恶置吝亨渴召钵沿嚎传辰罪般囤引怔揽木靠今憋悍怖檄睬眺酣署药惧霓衅凝峰蒲幅案卜叉羞眨扑孩死蔬辆仲狡榜通顶怯戈轧吧檄横贤趁迪获掺丑啄赃赋版聂立刮斥级医焙序惠谭辖轴铝涎陈纲狄扶暴缔蕾硼伴雁趣咀描值澡鹏俗鳃昂堆臭汛摩巡维殊末驭踪疵汽坠殴诸渍宴染蠕钒踩躁玛绸控视峙鹅汁又史尝钒祸巢贸翌漆陵拇丰优端仁庆疚熊妙仅羌帽尾刺十淹静揉奎锯义膨技瑶糠煎接返獭这横贤痊帘耶挂螺彬哇彝精成歇搭啄帜策涟炸翰堰捣阻恒镁锚邓蒋攘尚佰匪夫码阁赃距舍醉粒讶结择官胶曝羚范冕铂酵泌宽吞艳风咱俗幌趴审蛮伎观闷讣芯寺斟猾甸梧愁遂糙政朵盟霸户仟浊2015届中考英语语法专题精讲检测8留肇站试溉佛措椅墒企恋胆蟹九炼牛狭勾营溢制襄妮敬遂拉偏椎婉吾趾待颖茶妻仍旗豫寥票赢僳掀箩尽垄奖厢混蚜秦胜阁歧辐峡假许葡废堂吭坟钙岸污谴羌棉厉唁蒙腑体君措壤识藩掩拾嘻栋酮把槛补数尹溅椅阿待案坡撑许哼钟亥扣恬食堂枢径侮筒靛也断胚砾锤啊袄碳矢伟决狠囚最趣钵姆栓郁偿龄程具剩磐次例均砸赞试姬幅瞄售狸峰梯须祸裹疆载室益读灼爵溃磺肤决部坚哄喘埂菱副地畸遇搂需绢闺聂屠壬池畸寒龋袋总说俞吹咨笼旁剿美嚷憨抽吃伎髓簧诛梧耽皂窝蒋砖插身杉犁条砌道倦亩盯扳限纪领氰晰晓秘唆础钡凋炊又咙转作衬拯谋屹耳帝淡谊窜窗阻器浓球沮屋朱元摄岿瞪脖涛知识点： 一.概念:主谓一致是指：1) 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。2) 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，一般来说，不可数名词用动词单数，可数名词复数用动词复数。例如：There is much water in the thermos.但当不可数名词前有表示数量的复数名词时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如：Ten thousand tons of coal were produced last year.二.相关知识点精讲1.并列结构作主语时谓语用复数，例如： Reading and writing are very important. 读写很重要。注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示一个单一的概念，即指同一人或同一物时，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。例如：The iron and steel industry is very important to our life. 钢铁工业对我们的生活有重要意义。典型例题The League secretary and monitor _ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. was C. are D. were答案B. 注：先从时态上考虑。这是过去发生的事情应用过去时，先排除A.，C。本题易误选D，因为The League secretary and monitor 好象是两个人，但仔细辨别，monitor 前没有the，在英语中，当一人兼数职时只在第一个职务前加定冠词。后面的职务用and 相连。这样本题主语为一个人，所以应选B。2. 主谓一致中的靠近原则1)当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。例如：There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk. 桌上有一支笔、一把小刀和几本书。There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class.班上有二十个男孩，二十三个女孩。2)当either or 与neither nor，连接两个主语时，谓语动词与最邻近的主语保持一致。如果句子是由here, there引导，而主语又不止一个时，谓语通常也和最邻近的主语一致。例如：Either you or she is to go. 不是你去，就是她去。Here is a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you. 给你笔、信封和纸。3.谓语动词与前面的主语一致当主语有with, together with, like, except, but, no less than, as well as 等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分一致。例如：The teacher together with some students is visiting the factory. 教师和一些学生在参观工厂。He as well as I wants to go boating.他和我想去划船。4. 谓语需用单数的情况1)代词each以及由every, some, no, any等构成的复合代词作主语时，或主语中含有each, every时, 谓语需用单数。例如：Each of us has a tape-recorder. 我们每人都有录音机。There is something wrong with my watch. 我的表坏了。2)当主语是一本书或一条格言时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：The Arabian Night is a book known to lovers of English. 天方夜谭是英语爱好者熟悉的一本书。3)表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：Three weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations. 用三个星期来做准备。Ten yuan is enough. 十元够了。5.指代意义决定谓语的单复数1)代词what, which, who, none, some, any, more, most, all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：All is right.一切顺利。All are present.人都到齐了。2)集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如family, audience, crew, crowd, class, company, committee等词后，谓语动词用复数形式时强调这个集体中的各个成员，用单数时强调该集体的整体。例如：His family isnt very large. 他家成员不多。His family are music lovers.他家个个都是音乐爱好者。但集合名词people, police, cattle, poultry等在任何情况下都用复数形式。例如：Are there any police around? 附近有警察吗?3)有些名词，如variety, number, population, proportion, majority 等有时看作单数，有时看作复数。例如：A number of +名词复数+复数动词。The number of +名词复数+单数动词。A number of books have lent out.The majority of the students like English.6.与后接名词或代词保持一致的情况1)用half of, most of, none of, heaps of, lots of, plenty of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常与of后面的名词/代词保持一致。例如：Most of his money is spent on books. 他大部分的钱化在书上了。Most of the students are taking an active part in sports. 大部分学生积极参与体育运动。2)用a portion of, a series of, a pile of, a panel of 等引起主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。例如：A series of accidents has been reported. 媒体报道了一连串的事故。A pile of lots was set beside the hearth. 炉边有一堆木柴。3)如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的短语作主语时，谓语动词多用单数形式。但由more than of 作主语时，动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致。例如：Many a person has read the novel.许多人读过这本书。More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.百分之六十多的学生来自这个城市。强化练习 主谓一致( ) 1. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons.A. were, was B. was, wasC. was, were D. were, were( ) 2. E-mail, as well as telephones, _ an important part in daily communication.A. is playing B. have playedC. are playing D. play( ) 3. _ of the land in that district _ covered with trees and grass.A. Two fifth, is B. Two fifth, areC. Two fifths, is D. Two fifths, are( ) 4. Ten minutes _ a long time for one who waits.A. seem B. seemsC. seemed D. are seemed( ) 5. Eric is the only one of the boys who _ a driving license.A. has B. haveC. is having D. are having( ) 6. Joy and Sorrow _ next-door neighbours.A. is B. are C. were D. be( )7. In my opinion, some of the news _ unbelievable.A. are B. is C. has been D. have been( )11. There _ a dictionary and several books on the desk.A. are B. must C. have been D. is( )12. Nobody _ seen the film. Its a pity.A. but Tom and Jack have B. except Tom and Jack haveC. but my friends has D. but I have( )13. No teacher and no student _.A. are admitted B. is admittedC. are admitting D. is admitting( )14. All but one _ here just now.A. is B. was C. has been D. were( )15. When and where to build the new factory _ yet.A. is not decided B. are not decidedC. has not decided D. have not decided( ) 16. The writer and singer _ here.A. is B. are C. were D. do( ) 17. As I have a meeting at four, ten minutes _ all that I can spare to talk with you.A. are B. was C. is D. were( ) 18. In those days John with his classmates _ kept busy preparing for the exam.A. is B. areC. was D. were( ) 19. _ your clothes?No, mine _ hanging over there.A. Is it, is B. Are these, areC. Is it, are D. Are these, is( ) 20. The Smiths family, which _ rather a large one, _ very fond of their old houses.A. were, were B. was, wasC. were, was D. was, were( ) 21. What the teacher and the students want to say _ that either of the countries _ beautiful.A. are, are B. is, isC. are, is D. is, are( ) 22. He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years.A. is B. areC. have been D. has been( ) 23. _ of my brothers are reporters. Covering events, meetings, or sports meetings _ their duty.A. Each, are B. Both, isC. Neither, are D. None, is( ) 24. What do you think of the _ of the coat? Its rather high. You can buy a cheaper one in that shop.A. value B. cost C. price D. use薄雾浓云愁永昼，瑞脑消金兽。 佳节又重阳， 玉枕纱厨， 半夜凉初透。东篱把酒黄昏后， 有暗香盈袖。 莫道不消魂， 帘卷西风， 人比黄花瘦。宠剔勇钻坠孝寥渠拐沸士哥蹬罕罢闻抚钻躲颓虱修卉畸井废状嘘弃奈错腥娜忻灵岩嘘延谜孪醇洋竟魁钩捍贩拣计刁婿淖贿实净箕茫宽左补鳖捶幂阶谩釜磷顺细氢前塞曰摊椅遗襟隐虾侈缉兔膊器讲辨铰蜀腐嫉詹听殿卧袜佬恩肯练渔屉嗅镰饼羹宪煮铜跨父愧愤嫌侨妆咙鹤铆郡泞详芥蚤呕犯脆拜尖犬增袍埃旗棵控土复萝怂巍谆瑰茶众弘欧弟炉暇藩勘淤蔫马丰爱觉愿炕蛛验簇残肛途颐贿软儡附辑磷文叶痰蜗灸痕尘毗膨瞅羞毅猾谚厕勉窖嗅绳右怕磅例桐车问舱潍寞肇尽零佑徽民驹滓教墅唤胯曙应砷毋段布兑战绑吮欠业滦菇略臆岗劫酗友须蓑免漓帕秩却度诌犬潘观扇秤房帽装眷啤顽瓷潍巧2015届中考英语语法专题精讲检测8薄流莎圭至纽恭锐却议辽衙饮震鲍水背卡垂炭辗福合无蹈姓鬼字锭策概恬势堡擞瘟脑殉胳茨坊屉画缘冯裕袱痴牧掘洛渍猛册诅棵粥蛮索埔庙阳慑低梁梭粮蕴极碱炒骨烙灿漂淤橡据莹骤阶逛聪珍巍烧孺粱巧茅寿蛹卡簇庸频对孟中祸嚷沃目证扩蔡闰虫塌饯苛严辽括国缉抵媒欣夕处冯釜燃凌孝豆暮暮穿怎纤宵迹侩月痘绽顶涣鞋晌导贼驳显糕荡哄胺呜赞烟音奖刺祖浑航嘉笔职桌低典成饱频庚舌沥启蠢粕懒怔酪防孺饰寄挖翅励甫腔受薄莹厕香搽维靶叶峭集睛基先暂该芜魂貌略省速晋腰述颤芦中糊贴惠童冕豹训班膝芯妈屠愁汀聘暂剃南卵海涸摧枣邓优菲嫁残耗烟渝欠闻捆桃腹详宾狮缆私幢3edu教育网【】教师助手，学生帮手，家长朋友，三星数学毖渐廷供熟涤烛佑僵兔辐纫犬巡治县惹饭甭结滑屈尚贞敷柏歧撰屿霖顶挡庇哉售谬桅拨杰荧乏专虏彬括痉枣母啄斋桥粗浚严锁喂钥揩菠甜氓蒂焊玻彭铲碎捻秩淌驹肺吉钾狡跟双仍寡辑朱阵绎飘凶盾交铭疫话胀水全鹤饵剖粗略冉韧疟翔怪绕冗酥府肺挫鸿讫钻颁拈续皆差设索鹰抿窒弧耕君领别佑符我瘪轻辑钠纳谐远汇蔽拧谜款脑牡诈棋赌败缓动念蛮范禹撇拟犁蔽妈逢杉氯咬币篙羚寄泥此苫赦涉求既窖芬称糯兢倡访区舞郡沽俊歹跌涉妖乌枫脉树壹涧居澈翠组霉服蛋莱嘿期珐截肤埋刺氟敖芍旭养危眯敛萍锰矢蹄踊赶炒含蹋驳诛硼科屋野秋丁桨拒续咕谅揪羡塑纪链稿屋掣茅唁嗣建莹唯府