2021年江西省吉安市荷浦中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析.docx

2021年江西省吉安市荷浦中学高三英语上学期期末试题含解析
一、 选择题
1. 【2012山东卷】Being able to afford _______ drink would be ______ comfort in those tough times.
A. the; the                         B. a; a                                C. a; 不填                   D. 不填；a
参考答案：
22. B考查冠词的用法。此处考查抽象名词具体化。第一空中的a drink意为：一杯饮料；第二空中的a comfort意为：一件令人安慰的事。句意：在那些艰难的岁月里，能买得起一杯饮料是一种莫大的安慰。

略
2. You can get off the bus one or two stops ________ and walk the rest of the way to work every day so as to take some exercise.
    A. more early      B. earliest       C. early        D. earlier
参考答案：
D
3. ___he was the last man I wanted to see, I did all in my power to help him.
A．As                      B．Now that        C．While            D．However
参考答案：
C
4. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, ______, refusing them when they turn to him.
A. if never          B. if ever              C. if not                D. if any
参考答案：
B
5. A warm thought came to me ________ I might help wash my mom’s feet on Thanksgiving Day.
A. if                                      B. when                              C. which                             D. that
参考答案：
D
6. ______ opinions on the schedule, we finally reached on agreement.
A. Having exchanged     B. Exchanging   
C. Exchanged           D. To exchange
参考答案：
A
【命题立意】考查非谓语动词的用法。
句意：我们就工作计划交流了观点，最后我们达成了一致意见。题干的主语we是exchange的动作执行者，应用现在分词，由于exchange动作发生在reach之前，因此使用现在分词的完成时。故选A。
7. If you are traveling the customs are really foreign to your own，please do as the Romans do．
         A．in which                        B．what                              C．when                             D．where
参考答案：
D
8. In many ways China’s rapid growth has been seen as a(n) ______ to improve the cooperation with other countries.
A. attempt            B. motivation         C. conception       D. realization
参考答案：
B
略
9. —How did you sleep last night? 
—A sound sleep. Never slept ______.
A. well                                  B. good                                C. worse               D. better
参考答案：
D
10. Marco Polo was the first European ever ______ to the East and to return with a story to tell.
A. traveling                      B. traveled                          C. to travel                          D. who traveling
参考答案：
C
11. ---I’m so tired, working all morning on the farm. ---Why not take a rest, then? ---____.
  A. Because I can’t afford it B. Maybe I should C. I don’t know D. Sorry, I can’t tell you.
参考答案：
B
12. The teacher told us ______ she had done was right. 
A. what all         B. all that            C. that all what      D. what that
参考答案：
9.B
略
13. Generally speaking,__________ good education is regarded as __________ticket to  success.
A. /; /            B. a; a                     C. /; a                     D. a; the
参考答案：
B
14. “My dear friends, let us build our class, a team ever looking forward _____ the full potential of all its members,” said our monitor. 
A. realize                    B. realizing                          C. to realize        D. to realizing  
参考答案：
D
15. It is high time that we took strong measures to prevent water pollution __________a healthy life.
   A.living         B.lived           C.live          D.to live
参考答案：
D
16. --Shall we open the window to let some fresh air in?
    ---_________. I’m feeling a little cold.
   A. No, I would rather not.        B. Sure, go ahead please.
   C. Sorry, you’d better not.        D. Yes, that couldn’t be better.
参考答案：

【答案】
17. This weekend we'll pay a visit to a museum, next to        is a nice restaurant where we can have Italian food．
   A．that            B．this C．it D．which
参考答案：
D
18. I’ll be late home because something has just         at work．
    A．come up         B．turned out      C．taken place        D．brought about
参考答案：
A
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏词符号（∧ ),并在其下面写出该加的词 .
刪除:把多余的同用斜线（)划掉.
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分.
Two head are better than one.This proverb means we can make things are easier by working with others, who shows the significance of cooperation.
Take my experience as example.Once we were given quite a complicated physics problem by our teacher but we were expected to work it out in any possible way. Considering that I was very good at identifying physical principles and my friend Joe was better at performing complexly calculation, we decide to work together . Magically ,we solved a problem efficiently and even were better than the top student choose to work alone.
This experience really impressed myself a lot. So always keep it in mind that cooperation not only contributes greater working efficiency but also explores our potential.
参考答案：
Two head are better than one.This proverb means we can make things are easier by working
        heads
with others, who shows the significance of cooperation.
     which
Take my experience as example.Once we were given quite a complicated physics problem by our teacher but we were expected to work it out in any possible way. Considering that I was very
          and
good at identifying physical principles and my friend Joe was better at performing complexly
                                                                   complex
calculation, we decide to work together . Magically ,we solved a problem efficiently and even were
            decided                               the
better than the top student choose to work alone.
                    choosing
This experience really impressed myself a lot. So always keep it in mind that cooperation not
                                me
only contributes ∧greater working efficiency but also explores our potential.
              to
作者通过自己的亲身经历说明了合作的重要性。
1. head →heads.考查名词。此处由two修饰名词用复数，指两个头脑，故head→heads.

3. who→which.考查定语从句。此处是非限制性定语从句，有逗号和后面分开，要用which引导，which指代前边整个句子，故who→which.
4.but→and.考查连词。句意：一次老师给了我们一道非常复杂的物理题，期望我们用任何可能的方式解决。前后句是并列关系，不是转折，故but→and.
5. complexly→complex.考查形容词。此处修饰名词calculation用形容词，指复杂的计算，不用副词。故complexly→complex.
6. decide→decided.考查时态。此处是叙述过去发生的一件事，和本段所给时态一致用过去时，故decide→decided.
7.a→the.考查冠词。此处特指上文提到的问题，用定冠词the。故a→the.
8. choose→choosing.考查非谓语动词。句中student和动词choose是主动关系，用动词-ing形式作定语，故choose→choosing.
9. myself→me.考查代词。句意：这次经历给我印象深刻。主语和宾语不是同一个人不用反身代词，用宾格。故myself→me.
10. contributes后加to.
考查动词短语。contribute to“有助于”后有宾语要加介词，此处指合作不仅有助于更好的有效工作，还能开发潜能。故contributes后加to.
20. 下面短文中有10处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在该漏字符号下写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\ ）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该横线下写上修改后的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者不计分。
Questioning can lead to searching for an answer. If we are in the habit of asking whether that we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.
Two years ago, our teacher, Mr. Alex offered us an answer of a difficult math problem in class. Because the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it. Thought that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and try to work it out in a different way. Half a hour later, I managed to find the correct answer. When I showed my answer to her, the teacher praised me for my dependent thinking.
From this experience I have been learnt that questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth.
参考答案：
Questioning can lead to searching for an answer. If we are in the habit of asking whether

that we are told is true, we can find the correct answer and learn more.
what                                                      
Two years ago, our teacher, Mr. Alex offered us an answer of a difficult math problem in
                                                  to         
class. Because the answer seemed a little strange, nobody but I doubted it. Thought that his
      Although/Though                                        Thinking
solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem and try to work it out in a different
                                                 tried                 
way. Half a hour later, I managed to find the correct answer. When I showed my answer to her,
an                                                                 him
the teacher praised me for my dependent thinking.
independent
From this experience I have been learnt that questioning∧ can serve as a bridge helps us to
                          been             which/that 或把helps→helping
seek the truth.

【分析】
本文为说明文。提问可以用于寻找答案。如果我们习惯于提问，就可以找到正确的答案并能学到更多的东西，让我们不仅知其然还能知其所以然。因为提问可以充当一座桥梁，帮助我们寻求真理。
【详解】1.考查名词从句的引导词。句意：如果我们习惯于问我们自己“教给我们的知识是不是真的？”我们就可以找到正确的答案并学到更多。分析句子If we are in the habit of asking whether that we are told is true,可知，宾语从句中的主语从句that we are told中缺少一个宾语缺少宾语一般用what，所以句中的 that→what。
2.考查固定用法。the answer to the problem 为固定用法，意为“问题的答案”，不能用of, 只能用to，故把of→to。
3.考查语境。句意：亚历克斯老师给我们提供一道数学难题的答案。尽管答案似乎有点奇怪，但只有我怀疑这个答案。根据语境可知，前后两句是转折关系，而非因果关系，因此Because→Although/Though。
4.考查省略句。句意：我认为答案可能是错误的，我仔细地分析了问题分析句子Thought that his solution might be wrong, I carefully analyzed the problem…可知，本句省略句。从句的主语与主句的主语I是一致的，所以从句的主语省略，此时要用非谓语。分析句子可知，主语I与think二者是主动关系，即用非谓语中的动词ing，而不是过去分词，因此Thought→Thinking。
5考查谓语动词的时态。分析句子I carefully analyzed the problem and try to work it out in a different way。本句中的analyzed和 try是并列的谓语。根据时间状语Two years ago可知，本句要用一般过去时，因此try→tried。
6.考查冠词。分析句子可知，句中的hour 是以元音开头的，所以要用不定冠词 a。因此a→an。
7.考查不定代词。我的老师Mr. Alex是个男的，所以When I showed my answer to her中的her要用him。因此 her→him。
8.考查语境。根据句意可知，“老师表扬了我的独立思考”，独立思考，要用independent thinking，dependent 意为“依靠的，依赖的”，不符合语意。因此把dependent→independent
9.考查主动与被动语态。句意：从这段经历中，我了解到，…。句子的主语是I与动词learn二者是主动关系，是“我了解到…”。因此删除been。
10.考查语法结构。分析句子…questioning can serve as a bridge helps us to seek the truth可知，help是介词as的宾语a bridge的补足语，要用非谓语，二者是主动关系，所以helps→helping。还可以把这个非谓语改为定语从句。即先行词a bridge在从句中作helps的主语，所以要用关系词which或that。因此在bridge后加which/that 或把helps→helping。
三、 阅读理解
21. What will power your house in the future? Nuclear, wind, or solar power? According to scientists at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in the US, it might be leaves –but artificial ones.
  Natural leaves are able to change sunlight and water into energy. It is known as photosynthesis (光合作用). Now researchers have found a way to imitate this seemingly simple process.
  The artificial leaf developed by Daniel Nocera and his colleagues at MIT can be seen as a special silicon chip (硅片) with catalysts (催化剂). Similar to natural leaves, it can split water into hydrogen and oxygen when put into a bucket of water. The hydrogen and oxygen gases are then stored in a fuel cell (电池), which uses those two materials to produce electricity, located either on top of a house or beside the house.
  Though the leaf is only about the shape of a poker card, scientists claimed that it is promising to be an inexpensive source of electricity in developing countries. “One can imagine villages in India and Africa not long from now purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology,” said Docera at a conference of the American Chemical Society.
  An artificial leaf is not a new idea. The first artificial leaf was invented in 1997 but was too expensive and unstable for practical use. The new leaf, by contrast, is made of cheap materials, easy to use and highly stable. In laboratory studies, Nocera showed that an artificial leaf prorotype (原型) could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.
  The wonderful improvements come from Nocera’s recent discovery of several powerful new, inexpensive catalysts. These catalysts make the energy transformation (转换) inside the leaf more efficient with water and sunlight. Right now, the new leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural one. Besides, the device can run in whatever water is available; that is, it doesn’t need pure water. This is important for some countries that don’t have access to pure water.
  With the goal to “make each home its own power station” and “giving energy to the poor”, scientists believe that the new application could be widely used in developing countries, especially in India and rural China.
67. Which of the following order correctly shows how the artificial leaf is used to produce electricity?
a. artificial leaves split water into hydrogen and oxygen
b. the hydrogen and oxygen gases are stored in a fuel cell
c. the artificial leaves are put in water
d. the fuel cell uses hydrogen and oxygen to produce electricity
A. cbad  B. cabd  C. bcad   D. cadb
68. Which of the following statements about new artificial leaves is TRUE according to the article?
A. They are inexpensive but unstable.
B. They are as efficient at carrying out photosynthesis as natural leaves.
C. They can work only in pure water.
D. They need several catalysts to help them work efficiently.
69. The aim of the scientists at MIT in developing the new artificial leaves is to         .
A. build-up more power stations in the world
B. provide cheaper energy for developing countries
C. offer people in developing countries access to pure water
D. gain a deeper understanding of the photosynthesis process
70. What is the main point of the article?
A. Introduction to the history of artificial leaves.
B. An invention copying photosynthesis.
C. Giving energy to the poor.
D. A mixture of water power and solar energy.

参考答案：
BDBB
略
22. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。  

Years ago, I lived in a building in a large city. The building next door was only a few feet away from mine. There was a woman who lived there, whom I had never met, yet I could see her seated by her window each afternoon, sewing or reading.
After several months had gone by, I began to notice that her window was dirty. Everything was unclear through the dirty window .I would say to myself, “I wonder why that woman doesn’t wash her window .It really looks terrible.”
One bright morning I decided to clean my flat, including washing the window on the inside.
Late in the afternoon when I finished the cleaning, I sat down by the window with a cup of coffee for a rest. What a surprise! Across the way, the woman sitting by her window was clearly visible. Her window was clean!
Then it dawned on me. I had been criticizing(批评) her dirty window, but all the time I was watching hers through my own dirty window.
That was quite an important lesson for me. How often had I looked at and criticized others through the dirty window of my heart, through my own shortcomings? 
Since then, whenever I wanted to judge(评判) someone, I asked myself first ,“Am I looking at him through my own dirty window?” Then I try to clean the window of my own world so that I may see the world about me more clearly.
56. The writer couldn’t see everything clearly through the window because_____.
　 A. the woman’s window was dir