2021年湖南省娄底市白岩中学高二英语期末试卷含解析.docx

2021年湖南省娄底市白岩中学高二英语期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. —I think we 　　　 to write a letter to express our thanks to the policeman. 
—Why not?
A.should B.must
C.ought D.need
参考答案：
C
提示:句意为:“——我认为我们应该给警察写封信,以表达我们的感谢。——为什么不呢?”由to可知排除A、B、D三项。ought to“应该干某事”。

2. For  him_ ________stage is just ________means of making  a living.
A. a,a            B.the, a          C.the, the            D.a, the
参考答案：
B
3. The teacher asked his students to stop _____ and _____ the blackboard carefully.
A. talking; looking at B. to talk; to look at
C. talking; to look at D. to talk; looking at
参考答案：
C
4. You can’t imagine ______ when they received these nice Christmas presents.
A. how they were excited B. how excited they were
C. how excited were they D. they were how excited
参考答案：
B
略
5. The loss has not yet been 　　　 accurately,but it is believed to be well beyond a hundred million dollars. 
A.calculated B.considered　
C.completed D.controlled
参考答案：
A
提示:句意为: “还没有对损失进行精确的计算,但大家认为会超过一亿美元。”calculate“计算”;consider“认为”;complete“完成”;control“控制”。

6. Though it was midnight, she found her daughter sitting at the dest, completely ________ her homework.
A．absorbing in             B．absorbed in         C．absorbing into         D．absorbed into
参考答案：
B
7. The officer ordered that everything 　　　 ready before ten o’clock. 
A.be B.was
C.would be D.were
参考答案：
A
提示:order后面的宾语从句中谓语动词用“(should)+动词原形”。

8. Please do not feed the fish; they _____ die if they eat too much.
A. shall      B. must        C. need        D. may
参考答案：
D
9. Though             money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked                                       B. lacking of
C. lacking                                      D. lacked in
参考答案：
C
10. —Darling, I didn't get promoted.
  —________! There will be loads of other opportunities.
A. Well done  B. What a pity C. Cheer up  D. All right
参考答案：
C
11. --Do you think the thief entered through the garage door?
--No, if he had, I don’t believe ____broken the living room window.
A. would he have         B. he had                  C. he would have      D. he has
参考答案：
C
12. Keep on doing that and you’ll _____ in serious trouble.
A. end up      B. hold up             C. grow up        D. stay up
参考答案：
A
13. — Will you please repeat your idea?
— Of course. But I think it is certain that you _______ your attention.
A. weren’t paying    B. hadn’t paid
C. aren’t paying    D. don’t pay
参考答案：
A
【详解】考查时态。句意：—你能重复一下你的观点吗？—当然可以，可是我认为刚才你没有注意。本句使用过去进行时表示刚才对方阐明观点的时候，你并没有注意；强调过去某段时间里正在进行的事情，使用要过去进行时。故A项正确。
14. Every possible means _________, but the teacher as well as the students _________ worked out the math problem yet.
A. has tried; haven’t           B. have tried ; haven’t
C. has been tried; hasn’t        D. have been tried; hasn’t
参考答案：
C
15. Every time ______ I go to school, I am usually riding my bike, _____ I take a bus.
  A. when; besides       B. /; except when     C. when; except for   D. /; except for
参考答案：
B
16. I waved to Nancy, but she was ______ in her thoughts, and made no response.
A. involved       B. stuck          C. absorbed        D. interested
参考答案：
C
17. . It rained hard for several days.________, a flood occurred in South China this summer.
A. Constantly    B. Firmly    C. Consequently     D. Deliberately
参考答案：
C
32.  ——Does Shelly like shopping?
     ——Well，she would rather spend time       at home than     in the street．
A．read；wander    B．reading；wander 　 C．in reading；to wander　D．reading；to wander
参考答案：
B
二、 短文改错
19. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2、只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Last year I went to the seaside to spend my summer holiday with my family. We stay there for about two weeks. The weather was much hot than that in my hometown, and I got used to it . Every morning, I got up early and went for a breakfast ahead of time. Then I went the beach and talked with John, that was my new friend and I came across her on my first morning there. John was warm-hearted and he seemed to be very familiar to the seaside village. Soon we became very good friend. We have kept write to each other ever since then.
参考答案：
Last year I went to the seaside to spend my summer holiday with my family. We stay
stayed
there for about two weeks. The weather was much hot than that in my hometown, and I got
hotter                      but
used to it . Every morning, I got up early and went for a breakfast ahead of time. Then I went
a
∧ the beach and talked with John, that was my new friend and I came across her on my first
to                            who                              him
morning there. John was warm-hearted and he seemed to be very familiar to the seaside
with
village. Soon we became very good friend. We have kept write to each other ever since then.
friends              writing

20. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Every time I was got high marks, I would show my test papers to my parents. They would be very happy and proud of me. But last time, I didn’t do good in the exam. I was afraid that it might let my parents up, so I planned not to tell them result. When I went home, I rush to my room. Then my mother asked me that had happened. I decided to be honest and told her the true. She smiled and told me she was still proud of her, and she believed that I could perform well next times. I was so happy to get some encouraged words from my mother.
参考答案：

这篇文章主要讲了作者在一次考试中，没有取得很好的成绩，妈妈鼓励的话语，使得作者决定下次考试一定好好表现。
考查语态。句子主语“我”与谓语“获得”之间是主动关系，应该用主动语态，所以去掉was。
考查固定短语。这句话的意思是上次，我在考试中没有考好。do well in在……某方面干得好，是固定短语，所以good改成well。
考查固定短语。这句话的意思是我害怕它可能会让我的父母沮丧。let sb. down让某人沮丧，是固定短语，所以up改成down。
考查冠词。这句话的意思是所以我打算不告诉他们这个结果。特指“这个结果”，表特指用定冠词，所以result前面加the。
考查时态。整篇文章都用的一般过去时，表示发生在过去的事情，所以rush改成rushed。
考查宾语从句。这句话的意思是然后我的妈妈问我发生了什么事情。that had happened.是一个宾语从句，作asked的宾语，连接词在从句中作主语，所以that改成what。
考查名词。and连接两个并列的谓语，这里需要用一个名词作told的宾语，所以true改成truth。
考查代词。这句话的意思是她笑着告诉我，她依然为我骄傲。表示“依然为我骄傲”，所以her改成me。
考查固定用法。这句话的意思是她相信下次我一定可以表现好。next time下次，是固定用法，所以times改成time。
考查v+ing用法。以-ing结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰物，译为“令人…的”，常作定语；以-ed结尾的动词变化而来的形容词一般修饰人，译为“（人）…的”，常作表语,这里修饰名词words，所以encouraged改成encouraging。

类似的词还有：interest, interested（有兴趣的）, interesting（令人感兴趣的）surprise, surprised（吃惊的）, surprising（令人吃惊的）… ，对于这样的词汇，同学们注意平时积累。
三、 阅读理解
21. All around the world, shoppers flock to Wal-Mart to buy everything．In Texas, they come for another reason: to see the wind turbine（涡轮机）, which supplies 5% of the store's electricity．It along with other facilities, such as exterior walls coated with heat-reflective paint, makes this  Wal-Mart a green giant．
The laws of economics suggest that Wal-Mart, with 5, 200 stores worldwide, influences everything including the price of all kinds of goods．It throws its weight behind environmental responsibility, and the effects could be amazing．"One little change in product packaging could  save 1, 500 trees," says Wal-Mart CEO Lee Scott．"If everybody saves 1, 500 trees or 50 barrels of oil, at the end of the day you have made a huge difference．"
Scott wants Wal-Mart to do its part too．He has promised to cut the existing greenhouse-gas emissions（排放）over the next few years and promised to construct new stores that are more efficient．He wants Wal-Mart's fleet（车队）of more than 7, 000 trucks to get twice as many miles per gallon by 2015．Factories that show Wal-Mart they're cutting air pollution will get preferential treatment in the supply chain．Wal-Mart says it's working with consumer-product manufacturers to  reduce their packaging and will reward them if they do so．
Some people may doubt it is a bid to attract attention from Wal-Mart's controversial labor and health-insurance practices．But it's not just window dressing, because Wal-Mart sees profits in going green．Scott says, "This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy. We don't go where we don't think there's a great interest in change.”
Like Bill Gates, who started his charitable foundation, Scott happens to be promoting Wal-Mart's image at a time when his company's reputation is declining．He acknowledges that he launched the plan partly to shield（保护，庇护）Wal-Mart from bad press about its contribution to global warming．" By doing what we're doing today, we avoid the headline risks that are going to come for people who did not do anything," he says．"At some point businesses will be held responsible for the actions they take．" Meanwhile, should Wal-Mart succeed at shrinking its environmental footprint and lowering prices for green products, both the planet and the company will profit．
73. We can infer from the passage that ______．
A. Lee Scott is Wal-Mart's CEO
B. there are 5,200 stores in the world
C. Wal-Mart has a great influence on the world market
D. Wal-Mart has more than 7, 000 trucks all over the world
74. What does the underlined sentence "This is a business philosophy, not a social philosophy." mean in the fourth paragraph?
A. Wal-Mart predicts huge profits in its green activity．
B. Wal-Mart's green activity is just window dressing．
C. Wal-Mart aims to solve its health-insurance practices．
D. Wal-Mart doesn't have any social responsibility at all．
75. What will Wal-Mart probably do in the future?
A. Reduce air pollution in its present stores．
B. Give favorable treatment to its consumers．
C. Ask the factories to reduce their packaging．
D. Demand the fleet of trucks to use more fuel than before．
76. What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A. Provide the background of the green plan．
B. Analyze the similarity between Bill Gates and Scott.
C. Present the risk that Wal-Mart is facing nowadays．
    D. Stress the purpose of Wal-Mart's green plan．
参考答案：
CAAD
22. Heads turned, tears dropped, and gossip-filled whispers went on and on from the hospital passages to the house windows. There was a problem: a daughter had been born. She wasn’t the first disappointment born to her family. Although my aunt didn’t care about giving birth to a girl, her mother-in-law constantly reminded her of the criticism she would have to face if she gave birth to a daughter. In India, most people held these views.
When I visited my s during the summer, one sentence managed to fill me with anger and start arguments with my so-called s. “You are a girl, stay within your limits.” They simply don’t know how different it is living in the US. Anyway, comparisons to my cousins led me to end the arguments for the moment and accept the way they lived their lives.
My words didn’t make sense to them so my mind was set on proving them wrong.
Although their words didn’t tear me apart, their actions managed to. The amount of sexism(性别歧视) in this culture, especially my hometown, made me feel bad. It was the 21st century, yet women had to eat after the men at family gatherings. They had to cook all the family meals and were asked to take jobs that required little skill or education. It was time to change these views.
As I was growing older, the same s repeatedly questioned me about my future: “What do you want to be?” And the answer was always the same：electrical engineer. I have a passion for electronics; as clichéd(陈词滥调的) as it sounds, I was born to do it. When I connect wires together to repair something, I can’t contain my excitement. But when I tried to explain this to my s, all of them, except for my parents and grandparents, would be shocked and laugh at me — laugh because they didn’t think I could live up to my goals, being a “girl and all”. It was time to change these views.
In my world, being a girl is not a problem. Rather, it is an opportunity to allow passion, not stereotypes(成见), to shape my future. I decided to channel my s’ views into positive energy. Rather than letting them bring me down, I let them be motivation to achieve my goal of becoming an engineer. I, a female, will become a successful engineer.
4. The first paragraph was mainly written to             .
A. describe how bad the author’s aunt felt for having a baby girl
B. describe the pressure the author’s aunt had to face when she was going to have a baby
C. show that most Indian people are strongly prejudiced against women
D. show that the author’s aunt’s generation is fighting against prejudice against women
5. From the second and third paragraphs, it can be concluded that             .
A. the author realized that just using words couldn’t change the s’ sexism
B. the author’s friends and s were jealous about her life in the US
C. the author got used to being reminded to stay within her limits after she was born
D. the author often argued with her s because she believed US lifestyles were right
6. According to the text, the author decided to change her s’ views by             .
A. achieving her ambition of changing her hometown
B. using her s’ comments as motivation
C. letting stereotypes influence her future decisions
D. achieving her dream of becoming an engineer
7. In the article, in what way does the author show how serious the amount of sexism was in her hometown?
A. By describing feeling defeated after arguments.
B. By describing people’s words, behavior and common practices.
C. By stressing the conflicts she had with her s.
D. By giving examples of how her goals were laughed at repeatedly.
参考答案：
4. C    5. A    6. D    7. B
作者作为女性，希望通过自己的努力让有性别歧视人改变他们的观点。
4. 细节理解题。根据第一段的描述，很多的印度人认为生女孩是让人失望的，会受到批评，可知印度人对女性有极大的偏见。故选C。
5. 推理判断题。根据第二段的内容，生活在美国的作者，去印度的亲戚家时，受到“你是女孩，不要超过限度”的提醒，他们并不了解生活在美国的不同，但是作者认为My words didn’t make sense to them so my mind was set on proving them wrong.我的话语对他们来说是没有意义的，因此我决定证明他们是错误的。可推断作者意识到只用语言时无法改变亲戚的性别歧视的。故选A。
6. 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段的内容I decided to channel my s’ views into positive energy. Rather than letting them bring me down, I let them be motivation to achieve my goal of becoming an engineer.我决定把亲戚的观点变成积极的能量。而不是让他们把我打倒，我要让他们成为我实现成为工程师的梦想的激励。可知作者决定通过实现她成为工程师的梦想来改变亲戚们的观点。故选D。
7. 总结概括题。文章中作者通过语言“You are a girl, stay within your limits.”，以及阿姨生了女孩，婆婆的提醒her mother-in-law constantly reminded her of the criticism she would have to face if she gave birth to a daughter.，以及人们的惯常行为women had to eat after the men at family gatherings. They had to cook all the family meals and were asked to take jobs that required little skill or education.家庭聚会上女士要在男士们吃完之后才能吃饭，他们要做所有的饭菜并且被要求做不太需要技能和教育的工作。可知作者通过语言，行为以及人们的惯常来显示她的家乡性别歧视的严重。故选。
【名师点睛】
文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原