2021年福建省南平市城东中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析.docx

2021年福建省南平市城东中学高一英语上学期期末试卷含解析
一、 选择题
1. —He promised he ______ the assembly on time. I am at a loss what happened.
—It doesn’t matter. We are starting without him.
A. will attend B. had attended
C. will have attended D. would attend
参考答案：
D
【详解】考查时态。句意：——他保证将按时参加会议，我不知道发生了什么事。——没关系，我们不等他就开始。根据“promised”判断此处表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的事情，应该用过去将来时，故D项正确。
2. Here is my neighbor  _____ home was destroyed in the earthquake.
A. when        B. who        C.whose        D. why
参考答案：
C
3. Prices are always rising these days. Up to now, the petrol price _______ 20%.
A.increased by                                  B. increased to 
C. has increased to                          D. has increased by
参考答案：
D
4. _____, he has a lot of knowledge about computer.
A. A child as he is        B. As he is a child
C. Child as he is         D. Child as is he
参考答案：
C
句意：虽然他是个孩子，他懂得很多关于电脑的知识。as用于倒装句，表示“虽然，尽管”，句型是：名词/形容词/副词/动词+as+主谓，其中名词前面不加冠词，选C。
【考点】倒装
【试题延伸】除了as可以用于“名词/形容词/副词/动词+as+主谓”的句型，tough也适应于这个句型，但是although不可以。
【举一反三】Try ________ she might, Sue couldn't get the door open.(2011·全国Ⅰ)
A.if   B.when    C.sine    D.as
D 考查倒装。as引导的让步状语从句，应将状语、表语甚至谓语提前构成形式上的倒装。很明显前后两句意思相反。as表示虽然，尽管。所以选D。
5. More attention should be paid______the speaker at a meeting.
A.to listen to                 B.to listening to
C.to listen                   D.listening to
参考答案：
B
6. ______ the ancient Egyptians built the pyramids puzzled people for centuries.
A. Whether    B. What      C. How D. Where
参考答案：
C
7. ---Do you want me to return the book for you?
--- No, don’t____________. I can manage it myself.
A.      bother       B. trouble        C. disturb       D. interrupt
参考答案：
A
8. Let Harry play with your toys as well, Clare, you must learn to _______.
A. support      B.care     C. spare      D. share
参考答案：
D
9. I still remember ______ to the Great Wall and what I saw there.
A. to take              B. to be taken      C. taking            D. being taken
参考答案：
D
略
10. He came back to life，only ________ everything was stolen.
A．to find  B．finding
C．found  D．find
参考答案：
A
不定式作结果状语，在这里表示出乎意料的结果。
11.  It is said that there is a possibility of having WeChat(weixin) users pay for the __________ at the request of telecom operators, which has caused a heated debate among users and industry insiders.
A. discount B. application C. admission  D. permit
参考答案：
B
12. To our surprise, we got ______ people to attend the meeting as we had expected.
A. twice many    B. as twice    C. twice many as   D. twice as many
参考答案：
D
13. Not knowing when we should meet, I called our teacher for information_____.
A. in return      B. in general        C. in short      D. in detail
参考答案：
D
14. My uncle _____ to see me. He'll be here soon.
A. comes B. is coming  C. had come       D. came

参考答案：
B
15. Better finish it on time, or you will probably deserve          this time.
 A. being punished                  B. punished                     C. punishing                       D. to punish
参考答案：
C
16. He wondered if he could slip out of the lecture hall without anyone        .
   A. noticing      B. noticed     C. to notice  D. being noticed
参考答案：
A
略
17. Everyone knows that________ is dangerous to play with fire, but________ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.
A. it; what      B. what; what     C. what; it    D. it; it
参考答案：
A
18. The place _______interested me most was the Children's Palace.
 A. which B. where C. what D. in which
参考答案：
A
略
二、 短文改错
19. 每句中只有一处错误。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧), 并在其下写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
I nearly missed the flight as a result going shopping.
___________
They asked him to leave in other word he was dismissed.
___________
Scientists are making a steady progress in the treatment of cancer.
___________
So far I had been studying English for 9 years since I came to primary school.
___________
Are Senior High teachers similar with Junior High teachers?
___________
The newly-broadened square is four times the size as the previous one.
___________
The performance left a deep impression in me, and it moved me to tears.
___________
There were 100 passengers in board when the ship sank.
___________
The school was very badly damaged that it had to be pulled down.
___________
We are really looking forward to do business with you.
___________
参考答案：
加of
word 改为words
去掉a
had改为have
with改为 to
as改为of
in 改为on
in改为on
very 改为so
do 改为doing
【详解】第一处：考查固定短语。句意：由于购物，我几乎错过了航班。as a result 结果，as a result of由于，题干中表示“由于”，所以result后加of。
第二处：考查固定短语。句意：他们让他离开，换句话说，他被开除了。in other words换句话说，该用法是固定用法，所以word 改为words。
第三处：考查名词。句意：科学家在治疗癌症方面，取得了稳步的进步。Progress是不可数名词，所以去掉a。
第四处：考查时态。句意：从我来到小学开始，到目前为止，我已经学了九年英语了。So far常与现在完成时连用，所以had改为have。
第五处：考查固定短语。句意：高中老师和初中老师相似吗？be similar to与…相似，该短语是固定短语，所以with改为 to。
第六处：考查倍数表示法。“A + be动词+倍数+the size/height/length/width, etc+of+B”，表示“A正好是B的多少倍”，所以as改为of。
第七处：考查固定用法。句意：这次表演给我留下了很深的印象，它让我感动地落泪。leave a deep impression on留下深刻的印象，该用法是固定用法，所以in改为on。
第八处：考查固定短语。句意：当这艘船沉没的时候，船上有一百名乘客。On board在船上，该短语是固定短语，所以in改为on。
第九处：考查固定句型。句意：这所学校损毁太严重了，以至于它被摧毁了。So…that太…以至于，该句型是固定句型，所以very 改为so。
第十处：考查固定用法。look forward to是期待、期盼的意思，其中to是介词，后面接v+ing形式，所以do 改为doing。
20. 文中共有10处语言错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.
We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish.
It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.
参考答案：
My father and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It
                                                           visited
is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport.
                and/so         去掉
We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free
comfortable                                        was
high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checked my email messages every day. I also shared
for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and
with                   taken
we enjoyed several local dish.
                dishes
It is such ∧great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.
a                                             mine
作者去北京游玩的时候，住了一个很好的宾馆，作者极力向朋友们推荐这家宾馆。
考查时态。根据last month可知是发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以visit改为visited。
考查连词。表示并列关系，所以but改为and/so。
考查副词。anywhere是副词,副词前面是不能接介词to的，所以anywhere前的to去掉。
考查形容词。修饰名词double-room，用形容词形式，所以comfortably改为comfortable。
考查主谓一致。句子作主语，谓语动词用单数，所以were改为was。
考查固定短语。句意：我也和我的朋友们分享我在北京拍的许多照片。Share with是固定短语，意思是分享，所以for改为with。
考查非谓语动词。Photos与take之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作定语，所以taking改为taken。
考查名词单复数。前面有several修饰，所以这里应该使用名词复数，dish改为dishes。
考查固定句型。“such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数单数名词” 是固定句型，所以such后加a。
考查代词。表示“我的朋友”，所以应该用名词性物主代词，me改为mine。
三、 阅读理解
21. Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.
One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.
They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner’s Dilemma. The game is based on the tension between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players. Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.
The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse（虐待）. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More than eight hundred children were aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children were aged five to nine. The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not.
The study says the IQs of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points. The more they are spanked, the slower their mental development.
5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the second study?
A. Children’s IQs have much to do with physical punishment.
B. The study is about violence and cooperation of children.
C. The children tested were divided into groups of four.
D. Children’s mental development only relies on their IQs.
6. What does the underlined word “spanked” refer to?
A. punished    B. blamed
C. tested    D. praised
7. What might be the best title for the text?
A. The Best Way to Correct Misbehavior
B. Punishment Is the Best Way of Education
C. Cooperation Is the Most Successful Behavior
D. Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?
参考答案：
5. A    6. A    7. D
试题分析：最近的研究发现，惩罚不是影响行为的最佳途径。文章讲述了两组研究。
【小题1】A细节题，由第四段Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. 这两组儿童的父母使用体罚和没有使用。可知是研究孩子的智力和父母体罚的关系，故选A
【小题2】A，猜词题，全文研究的是体罚和奖励，因此容易猜测spanked为惩罚之意。
【小题3】D，大意题，由全文可知 ，讲述的是Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?奖励和惩罚对孩子的成长影响。
【名师点睛】
科教类阅读的概念：科教类阅读主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材，密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可信。
科教类文章阅读技巧：
应对策略：
1、要想做好科普英语阅读理解题，同学们就要注意平时多读科普知识类文章，学习科普知识，积累常见的科普词汇，从根本上提高科普英语的阅读能力。
2、要熟悉科普类文章的结构特点。科普类文章一般由标题(Head line)，导语(Introduction)，背景(Back ground)，主体(Main body)和结尾(End)五部分构成。标题是文章中心思想高度而又精辟的概括，但根据历年的高考情况来看，这类阅读理解材料一般不给标题，而要同学们选择标题。导语一般位于整篇文章的首段。背景交待一个事实的起因。主体则对导语概括的事实进行详细叙述，这一部分命题往往最多，因此，阅读时，同学们要把这部分作为重点。结尾往往也是中心思想的概括，并与导语相呼应，命题者常在此要设计一道推理判断题。【小题1】A，细节题，由第四段Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. 这两组儿童的父母使用体罚和没有使用。可知是研究孩子的智力和父母体罚的关系，故选A。
3、在进行推理判断时，同学们一定要以阅读材料所提供的科学事实为依据，同时所得出的结论还应符合基本的科普常识。
科普类阅读应试策略：
【命题趋势】
阅读理解题主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材，密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可信。因此科普知识类文章是每年的必考题。分析历年的科普类文章我们不难发现以下特点：
1、文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，语法结构简单，用语通俗。
2、文章内容注重科技领域的新发现。内容新颖，从而使文章显得陌生，内容抽象复杂。
3、命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断。
4、以人们的日常行为或饮食健康入手，探讨利弊，诠释过程，阐述概念。
22. In China, there are more and more people leaving the countryside to hunt for jobs in the cities, because the countryside is much poorer than the city, and often there isn’t much work there. Services such as hospital and transport are usually much better in the city than in the countryside. They hope that their lives will improve when they move to the city.
But in the big cities of Europe like London or Paris, people are moving out of the city. These rich families want to live a quieter life. They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city, and they are tired of the crowded streets, crowded trains and buses. They don’t want to live in the cities any more. They want a house with a garden in the countryside, and breathe the fresh air there. So they move out of the cities. Some don’t go very far, just a little way out of the city, to the towns near the cities. Other people move to the real countryside with sheep, cows and green fields. There they start new lives and try to make new friends.
Not all those who move from the city to the countryside are happy. After two or three years, many people who have done this feel that it is a big mistake. They don’t make so much money and there isn’t much work to do. People in the countryside are different and aren’t always very friendly. As a result, quite a lot of people who have moved to the countryside move back to the city. “It’s wonderful to see crowds in the streets and cinema lights.” they say.
25. Which is NOT the reason for people moving to the cities in China?
A. The countryside is much poorer than the city.
B. People in the countryside have nothing to eat.
C. People in the countryside don’t have much work to do there.
D. Services in cities are usually much better than those in the countryside.
26. Why do some rich families in Europe move to the countryside?
A. Because they will find good jobs.
B. Because they like feeding sheep and cows in the green fields.
C. Because they can make more money there.
D. Because they are tired of living in the city.
27. The best title of this passage may be“________________”.
A. Moving Out or Moving back
B. Living in the City
C. Living in the Countryside
D. Living a Happy Life
参考答案：
25. B    26. D    27. A
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国和欧洲国家人口流动的不同特点，中国人口从农村转向城市，而欧洲国家人口从城市转向农村。
【25题详解】
细节理解题。根据第一段的介绍可知，在中国，越来越多的人口从村转向城市是因为城市的就业机会更多，城市的医疗和交通服务业比从农村好得多，而且城市比农村富裕得多，而没有提到农村没有什么可吃的，故B项正确。
【26题详解】
细节理解题。根据第二段中的“These rich families want to live a quieter life. They are tired of the noise and the dirt of the city, and they are tired of the crowded streets, crowded trains and buses. ”可知，欧洲家庭从城市转向农村是因为他们厌倦了城市的噪音与灰尘，厌倦了拥挤的街道和交通，想要过一种安静的生活，故D项正确。
【27题详解】
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了中国和欧洲国家人口流动的不同特点，中国人口从农村转向城市，而欧洲国家人口从城市转向农村，故A项（搬出去还是搬回来）最能概括出全文内容。