高铁的分析英语口语作业省公共课一等奖全国赛课获奖课件.pptx

延时文字Analysis of high-speed railway（HSR)Speaker：Han YangTutor：Cong Li第1页CONTENTS12345The background of HSRPresent situation and development of HSRThe shortage of high-speed railSummary 延时符Advantage of HSR第2页FIRST PARTTHE BACKGROUND OF THE BACKGROUND OF HSRHSRBackgroundDefinitionRelated research 第3页In order to improve the speed of train operation and make the railway adapt to the social development,from the early twentieth Century to 50s,Germany,France,Japan and other countries have carried out a lot of theoretical research and experimental work on high-speed trains.As the main force of land transportation,railway occupies a monopoly position for more than one century.But since twentieth Century,with the rapid development of vehicle,aviation and pipeline transportation（管道运输）,railways are constantly being impacted by new transport tools,so it is urgent to develop high-speed railways.BACKGROUNDRESEARCH IDEAS第4页RESEARCH IDEAS延时符High-speed rail is a type of rail transport that operates significantly faster than traditional rail traffic,using an integrated system（集成系统）of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks.While there is no single standard that applies worldwide,new lines in excess of 250 kilometres per hour and existing lines in excess of 200 kilometres per hour are widely considered to be high-speed,with some extending the definition to include lower speeds in areas for which these speeds still represent significant improvements.Definitions第5页Related research延时符JANPN(Shinkansen)：The new service,named Shinkansen(新干线)would provide a new alignment,25%wider standard gauge,continuously welded rails（无缝钢轨）between Tokyo and Osaka using new rolling stock,designed for 250 km/h(160 mph).FRANCE(TGV)：The first section of the new ParisLyon High-Speed line was inaugurated,with a 260 km/h top speed 270 km/h.Being able to use both dedicated high-speed and conventional lines,the TGV offered the ability to join every city in the country at shorter journey times.GERMAN(ICE)：Following the French TGV,in 1991 Germany was the second country in Europe to inaugurate a high-speed rail service,with the launch of the ICE on the new Hannover-Wrzburg high-speed railway,operating at a top speed of 280 km/h.CHINA：Chinese train-makers,after receiving transferred foreign technology,have been able to achieve a considerable degree of self-sufficiency in making the next generation of high-speed trains by developing indigenous capability to produce key parts and improving upon foreign designs.A China Railways CRH3 train set on the BeijingTianjin Intercity Railway第6页SECOND PARTPresent situationDevelopmentPRESENT SITUATION AND DEVELOPMENT第7页PRESENT SITUATIONJapanFranceGermanEnglandAll new lines，Passenger train and freight train are used separately Construction of new linepassenger train and freight train mixed useNeither building new lines nor reconstructing old lines.largely depends on the use of tilting car bodies consisting of vehicles,and the mixture of passenger trains and freight trains.Part of the construction of new linespart of the transformation of the old linepassenger trains for special purposes延时符第8页DEVELOPMENT延时符 At present,the high speed railways built by European countries are basically independent of each other.but the further development trend of high speed railway is networking.In the future,it will be developed into a high-speed railway network connecting both domestic and international,and will be connected with the existing railway lines.第9页DEVELOPMENTJapan,Germany and France are developing Magnetically Levitated Train(磁悬浮列车）to make the car float up to a certain height on the track,and then use the linear motor（直线电动机）as a driving force to propel the train forward.The speed of the test has reached 517 kilometers.第10页The advantage of high-speed railTHIRD PART第11页CONTENTLess pollutionLow energy consumeAll-weather operationFasterMore transport capacityMore secure and comfortable延时符第12页延时符Faster than other ground transportationThe top speed of the high-speed train can reach 350km/h,but the car only 120km/h,sothis is a great saving of time.From the following picture,we can see that it takes only five hours if you take a high speed rail from Beijing to Shanghai,but the ordinary train takes nearly 20 hours.第13页Faster than other ground transportation Although air transit moves at higher speeds than high-speed rail,total time to destination can be increased by check-in,baggage handling,security,and boarding,which may also increase cost to air travel,so HSR is best suited for journeys of 1 to 4 hours(about 150900 km),for which the train can beat air and car trip time.第14页延时符More transport capacity and less costIn China,the passenger capacity of the high speed rail can reach hundreds of millions of times,while the passenger volume of the aircraft is only a few million times.As we all known,China has the largest population,and most of us will choose trains as the main way of transportation,therefore this requires that our HSR must have a large capacity.第15页More transport capacity and less cost An airplane spends significant amounts of time loading and unloading cargo and/or passengers as well as landing,taxiing and starting again.Trains spend only a few minutes stopping at intermediate stations,often greatly enhancing the business case at little cost.第16页延时符More secure and comfortableWith the continuous development of high-speed rail technology,its safety can be guaranteed.High-speed trains also have comfort advantages,since train passengers are allowed to move freely about the train at any point in the journey.But airlines have complicated calculations to try to minimize weight to save fuel or to allow takeoff at certain runway lengths,rail seats are also less subject to weight restrictions than on planes,and as such may have more padding and legroom(腿部空间）.Technology advances such as continuously welded rail（无缝焊接）have minimized the vibration found on slower railways,while air travel remains affected by turbulence when adverse wind conditions arise.第17页延时符All-weather operationThe high speed rail is almost free from weather and climate conditions,so it can operate safely for 24 hours.therefore High speed trains are more accurate than air transport，Some airlines have cancelled or move their flights to takeoff at night due to hot and high conditions.Such is the case for Hainan Airlines in Las Vegas in,which moved its long haul takeoff slot to after midnight.Similarly,Norwegian Airlines cancelled all its Europe bound flights during summer due to heat.第18页延时符low energy consumeIf the speed of the high-speed rail is 1,the car will be 5.6 and the plane will be 7.0 So the high speed rail energy consumption is about 1/5 of the car and the plane.Travel by rail is more competitive in areas of higher population density or where gasoline is expensive,because conventional trains are more fuel-efficient than cars when ridership is high,similar to other forms of mass transit.Very few high-speed trains consume diesel or other fossil fuels but the power stations that provide electric trains with power can consume fossil fuels.第19页延时符Less pollutionCompared with the auto,because the high speed railway is only using electricity,it can hardly produce pollution or exhaust gas.第20页T The shortage of high-speed railhe shortage of high-speed railFOURTH PART第21页Shortage延时符HSR can be costly due to required tunneling through mountain terrain（地形）as well as earthquake and other safety systems.HSR usually requires lots of land.Cities do not always lie in a straight line,therefore the train road cant be straight.The aircraft can change its route frequently,but the high speed railway cant be.第22页FIFTH PARTS Summaryummary第23页summary第24页Thanks for watchingThanks for watching第25页