电大实用卫生统计学本科复习题及答案参考小抄.doc

实用卫生统计学复习题（一）一、 名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1.抽样研究2.卫生服务需要3.概率4.等级相关二、选择题（每题3分，共30分）1四格表资料的卡方检验，其校正条件是（ ）A总例数大于40B有实际数为0C有实际数小于1D有一个理论数小于5大于1，且n402某日门诊各科疾病分类资料，可作为（ ）A计算死亡率的基础 B计算发病率的基础C计算构成比的基础 D计算病死率的基础3医学人口统计学应属于卫生统计学中的哪部分内容？（ ）A健康统计B卫生统计学基本方法C卫生统计学基本原理D卫生服务统计4三个率比较的卡方检验，若p0.05，则结论是（ ）A三个样本率各不相同B总体率之间两两有差别C至少有两个总体率有差别Dp1、p2、p3不全相等或完全不相等5配对计量资料，差值分布不接近正态分布，宜用何种检验？（ ）A配对t检验 B秩和检验Cx2检验 Du检验6比较身高与体重的变异程度，适宜的指标（ ）A极差B标准差C四分位数间距D变异系数7某日门诊各科疾病分类资料，可作为（ ）。A计算死亡率的基础B计算构成比的基础C计算发病率的基础D计算病死率的基础8假设检验中的把握度是（ ）AB1-BD1-9可用于偏态或不明分布的资料的各评价指标诸等级分值的确定方法是（ ）。A综合评分法B专家评分法C离差法D百分位法10下面哪一个不是问卷的顺序（ ）A时间顺序B内容顺序C字母顺序D类别顺序三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1请总结直线相关系数r与直线回归系数b的意义及特点？2应用相对数时有哪些注意事项？四、计算或分析题（每题15分，共30分）1某市100名7岁男童的身高均数为120.0cm，标准差为4.80cm 。问：（1）该地7岁男童身高的95%参考值范围？（2）若一男童身高为135.0cm，怎样评价？2下表为某医院医生和护士的年龄分布调查结果统计表，请根据统计表制表原则和注意事项指出该表问题所在，并予以修改。实用卫生统计学复习题（一）参考答案及评分标准 一、名词解释（每题5分，共20分）1 抽样研究：从所研究的总体中随机抽取一部分有代表性的样本进行研究，抽样研究的目的是通过用样本资料计算的指标去推论总体。2 卫生服务需要是人们因疾病影响健康，引起人体正常活动的障碍，实际应当接受各种卫生服务的需要。（预防保健、治疗、康复）。3 概率：是指某随机事件发生的可能性大小的数值，常用符号P表示。4 等级相关是对等级数据作相关分析，它又称为秩相关，是一种非参数统计方法。二、选择题（每题3分，共30分）1D2C3A 4C5B6D7B8D9D10C三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1直线相关系数r是说明具有直线关系的两个变量词，相关关系的密切程度与相关方向的统计指标。（1分）总体相关系数用表示，样本相关系数用r表示，的是的估计值。（1分）相关系数没有单位，取值范围是-1r0表示直线从左下方向右上方，y随x增大而增大；（1分）b40，故可用四格表专用公式计算x2值。（2分）x2=（1722-139）261/（30312635）=4.76（1分）（3） 确定P值，作出推断结论=（2-1）（2-1）=1查x2界值表，本例x2=4.763.84，故P5.99 （2分）按=0.05检验水准，拒绝H0，接受H1，（2分）认为这三种药物的阴转率不相同。（2分）Visa-free policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making national headlines several times, Chengdus 72-hour visa-free policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and Japan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a three-day visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the citys level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultural legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the worlds largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, Chinas ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning water-control project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tourist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will attract more people to visit and live, with the 72-hour visa-free policy and compelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the company has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so the three-day visa has an immediate and positive influence on the companys business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting company in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the citys public security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72-hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 million tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2012. Around 1.7 million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($21.7billion). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Central Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been widely echoed in Central Asian countries, becoming an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Daily reporters will travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show the progress and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi - the start of the ancient Silk Road - has positioned itself as the new starting point for the development of the Silk Road Economic Belt, which will strengthen Chinas cooperation with Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it was when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for accommodating industrial transfers from East China or the world at large, he said on Wednesday in Xian.Lou held a joint interview with 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interviews entitled Chinese Media Along the Silk Road. The interviews will be in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as well as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey.The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in Xian, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe.