1、中国实用神经疾病杂志 2023 年 10 月第 26 卷第 10 期Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases Oct.2023,Vol.26 No.10【摘要】目的探讨血清胱抑素(CysC)、超敏C反应蛋白(hs-CRP)与急性脑梗死患者TOAST亚型及机体易感性的关系。方法回顾性选取辽宁省金秋医院2020-082022-09入院时未发生感染的急性脑梗死患者 90 例为观察组,按 TOAST 标准分型分为大动脉粥样硬化型组(LAA 组)42 例,心源性栓塞型组(CE 组)21 例,小动脉闭塞型组(SAO 组)27 例,同时选取同期进行体检的 6
2、0 例健康者为对照组。应用Spearman相关性分析血清CysC、hs-CRP水平与急性脑梗死TOAST亚型和机体易感性的关系,利用ROC曲线分析血清CysC、hs-CRP对机体易感性的预测价值,并采用Logistic回归模型对机体易感性的影响因素进行分析。结果LAA 组、CE 组血清 CysC、hs-CRP 水平均高于对照组,SAO 组血清 CysC、hs-CRP 水平明显低于 CE 组(P0.05);Spearman 相关性分析表明 CysC 和 hs-CRP 与 CE 组有显著正相关性(rs=0.310,P=0.008;rs=0.302,P=0.010),与SAO组呈负相关关系(rs=0
3、.320,P=0.005;rs=0.305,P=0.011)。观察组中21例患者发生感染,CysC、hs-CRP水平明显高于未感染者(P0.05);Spearman相关性分析表明CysC、hs-CRP水平与机体易感性有显著正相关性(rs=0.509,P=0.006;rs=0.648,P0.001)。ROC 曲线发现 hs-CRP 预测机体易感性的曲线下面积为 0.912(95%CI:0.8940.993,P0.001);CysC 预测机体易感性的曲线下面积为0.893(95%CI:0.8400.903,P=0.004);多因素 Logistic 回归分析表明,CysC、hs-CRP 是机体易感
4、性的独立影响因素(P0.05)。结论不同TOAST亚型急性脑梗死患者血清CysC、hs-CRP水平有一定差别,其可作为脑梗死急性期的血清标志物之一,且与患者机体易感性呈正相关,对临床治疗急性脑梗死具有一定的参考价值。【关键词】急性脑梗死;TOAST亚型;胱抑素;超敏C反应蛋白;机体易感性;血清;影响因素【中图分类号】R743.33【文献标识码】A【文章编号】1673-5110(2023)10-1254-05基金项目:辽宁省科学技术计划项目(编号:2018225072)张彤马珊珊胡晓颖范驰王瑞萍辽宁省金秋医院 辽宁省老年病医院 辽宁省老年病研究院,辽宁 沈阳 110000通信作者:王瑞萍急性脑梗
5、死患者血清CysC hs-CRP水平与机体易感性的关系分析DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.230383本文引用信息:张彤,马珊珊,胡晓颖,范驰,王瑞萍.急性脑梗死患者血清CysC hs-CRP水平与机体易感性的关系分析 J.中国实用神经疾病杂志,2023,26(10):1254-1258.DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.230383Reference information:ZHANG Tong,MA Shanshan,HU Xiaoying,FAN Chi,WANG Ruiping.Analysis of therelationship between serum CysC,hs-C
6、RP levels and body susceptibility in patients with acute cerebral infarctionJ.Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases,2023,26(10):1254-1258.DOI:10.12083/SYSJ.230383Analysis of the relationship between serum CysC,hs-CRP levels and body susceptibility inpatients with acute cerebral infarctionZHA
7、NG Tong,MA Shanshan,HU Xiaoying,FAN Chi,WANG RuipingLiaoning Province Jinqiu Hospital/Liaoning Geriatric Disease Hospital/Liaoning Geriatric Disease Research Institute,Shenyang 110000,ChinaCorresponding author:WANG Ruiping【Abstract】ObjectiveTo investigate the relationship between serum cystatin(CysC
8、),hypersensitive C-reactive protein(hs-CRP)and TOAST subtype and susceptibility in patients with acute cerebral infarction.MethodsNinety patients with acute cerebral infarction who were admitted to Jinqiu Hospital of Liaoning Province fromAugust 2020 to September 2022 were retrospectively selected a
9、s the observation group.According to the论著临床诊治1254中国实用神经疾病杂志 2023 年 10 月第 26 卷第 10 期Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases Oct.2023,Vol.26 No.10急性脑梗死是指由于脑组织缺血或中断而导致的神经元损伤和相对应的神经功能缺陷等1-3。研究证实,TOAST病因学分型不同,其发病机制以及处理方式也有明显差别4-6,故尽早预测脑梗死TOAST分型能够更早地针对其病因实施相应的治疗,从而减少脑梗死的致残、致死率,同时对减轻患者的家庭负担也有一定帮助。目
10、前较多学者发现炎性反应在不同TOAST亚型间的反应程度也有一定差异,血清胱抑素(cystatin C,CysC)、超敏C反应蛋白(hypersensitiveC-reactive protein,hs-CRP)水平也不同7-9。此外,脑梗死患者住院期间容易并发感染,对患者的病情和预后产生一定影响,因此对脑梗死患者机体易感性进行早期预测,对于识别高危患者,提高机体感染的治愈率具有至关重要作用10-12。本次研究分析CysC、hs-CRP 水平在不同 TOAST 亚型间的表达差异,探讨 TOAST 病因学分型与机体易感性的相关性。1资料与方法1.1研究对象本次研究经医学伦理委员会批准,回顾性选取辽
11、宁省金秋医院2020-082022-09接收的90例入院时未发生感染的急性脑梗死患者为观察组,男56例,女34例;年龄4278(60.237.48)岁。纳入标准:(1)符合 中国急性缺血性脑卒中诊治指南201813中有关脑梗死的诊断标准;(2)发病时间3 d;(3)无脑梗死病史及陈旧性梗死灶。排除标准:(1)其他恶性肿瘤患者;(2)合并自身免疫系统疾病、血液性疾病及肝、肾功能不全者;(3)体温37.8 者;(4)术后中途失访者;(5)病因较少见型或发病原因不明者。另选取同期进行体检的健康者60例为对照组,男37例,女23例,年龄4378(61.207.10)岁。2组受试者性别、年龄等一般资料比
12、较无统计学差异(P0.05)。1.2TOAST亚型分组观察组患者均进行血常规、生化、凝血功能、心电图、头颅MRI、颈部血管彩超以及传染病筛查等,以便进行TOAST病因学分型,同时对部分患者进行动态心电图、脑血管数字减影血管造影检查。根据TOAST病因学的分型标准进行分组,分为大动脉粥样硬化型组(LAA组)、心源性栓塞型组(CE组)、小动脉闭塞型组(SAO组)、少见病因型组、不明原因型组。由于少见病因型人群样本数量少,以及不明原因人群的病因不详,将少见病因以及不明原因型排除,最终纳入研究90例患者,其中LAA组42例,CE组21例,SAO组27例。1.3检测CysC、hs-CRP水平于入院第2天
13、清晨抽取观察组患者空腹静脉血3 mL(对照组体检时抽取),采用免疫比浊法(Beck-man-Coulper 生化分析仪,试剂购买于北京利德曼生物技术有限公司)对血清 CysC 进行检测,成人血清CysC水平的正常值为0.601.55 mg/L。此外,采用散射比浊法(OMLZPO特TOASTstandard,they were divided into large atherosclerosis group(42 cases),cardiac embolization group(21cases)and small artery occlusion group(27 cases).Meanwhi
14、le,60 healthy subjects who underwent physical exami-nation during the same period were selected as the control group.Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between serum CysC and hs-CRP levels and the TOAST subtype of acute cerebral infarctionand the body susceptibility,R
15、OC curve was used to analyze the predictive value of serum CysC and hs-CRP onthe body susceptibility,and Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors for the body susceptibility.ResultsThe levels of CysC and hs-CRP in the LAA and CE groups were higher than those in thecontro
16、l group,while the levels of CysC and hs-CRP in the SAO group were significantly lower than those in theCE group(P0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed that CysC and hs-CRP were significantly positively correlated with the CE group(rs=0.310,P=0.008;rs=0.302,P=0.010),while negatively correlated w
17、ith the SAO group(rs=0.320,P=0.005;rs=0.305,P=0.011).In the observation group,21 patients developed organic infections,and the levels of CysC and hs-CRP were significantly higher than those in the non-infected patients(P0.05).Spearman correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation be
18、tween CysC,hs-CRP levels and body susceptibility(rs=0.509,P=0.006;rs=0.648,P0.001).The ROC curve found that the area under the curve predictedby hs-CRP for body susceptibility was 0.912(95%CI:0.894-0.993,P0.001).The area under the curve predictedby CysC for body susceptibility was 0.893(95%CI:0.840-
19、0.903,P=0.004).Multivariate Logistic regressionanalysis showed that CysC and hs-CRP were independent influencing factors for body susceptibility(P0.05).ConclusionThere are certain differences in the levels of serum CysC and hs-CRP among patients with acutecerebral infarction of different TOAST subty
20、pes,which can be used as one of the serum biomarkers for the acutephase of cerebral infarction and is positively correlated with the susceptibility of the patient s body.It has certainreference value for clinical treatment of acute cerebral infarction.【Key words】Acute cerebral infarction;TOAST subty
21、pe;Cystatin C;Hypersensitivity C-reactive protein;Susceptibility of the body;Serum;Influencing factor1255中国实用神经疾病杂志 2023 年 10 月第 26 卷第 10 期Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases Oct.2023,Vol.26 No.10定蛋白分析仪)检测hs-CRP水平,成人hs-CRP正常值为03 mg/L。1.4收集临床资料收集2组受试者的人口学数据(年龄、性别)及血糖、血脂(空腹血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白
22、、低密度脂蛋白)等临床资料。1.5统计学方法采用SPSS 22.0软件分析数据,呈正态分布的数据采用率和构成比表示,采用 2检验;非正态分布的计量资料以中位数(第一四分位数,第三四分位数)M(Q1,Q3)表示,组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验或Kruskal-Wallis H检验。利用受试者工作特性(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线分析血清CysC、hs-CRP对机体易感性的预测价值;通过单因素回归分析和多因素Logistic回归分析对患者机体易感性的影响因素进行筛选。P0.05为差异有统计学意义。2结果2.1临床资料观察组各TOAS
23、T亚型在年龄、性别及甘油三酯、高密度脂蛋白方面与对照组比较无统计学差异(P0.05),但LAA型组、CE组空腹血糖水平明显高于对照组、SAO组,LAA组胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白水平明显高于对照组(P0.05)。见表1。表1对比4组临床资料Table 1Comparsion of clinical data in the 4 groups项目年龄/岁男性空腹血糖/(mmol/L)胆固醇/(mmol/L)甘油三酯/(mmol/L)高密度脂蛋白/(mmol/L)低密度脂蛋白/(mmol/L)对照组(n=60)61.207.1037(61.66)4.85(4.63,5.74)3.84(3.02,4.96)
24、1.08(0.94,1.73)0.99(0.83,1.20)1.93(1.39,2.67)LAA组(n=42)60.127.2027(64.29)5.87(5.16,7.58)4.58(3.94,5.39)1.29(1.02,1.77)1.10(0.90,1.31)2.54(1.94,3.12)CE组(n=21)60.107.5113(61.90)5.88(5.02,6.68)4.01(3.62,4.57)0.96(0.61,1.63)0.98(0.92,1.26)2.08(1.60,2.68)SAO组(n=27)60.407.6216(59.25)5.26(4.47,6.47)4.04(3.
25、74,2.24)1.34(1.02,1.60)0.96(0.82,1.15)2.28(1.92,3.03)F/2/H值1.8205.44115.2609.4137.0546.58312.025P值0.2010.1820.0010.0200.0710.1080.0022.2观察组各 TOAST 亚型与对照组血清 CysC、hs-CRP水平比较对照组血清CysC、hs-CRP水平分别为0.84(0.43,1.09)、0.75(0.40,1.12)mg/L,与对照组比,LAA组、CE组CysC、hs-CRP水平均明显升高(P0.05);与CE组比,SAO组CysC、hs-CRP水平均明显降低(P0.
26、05);LAA组与SAO组CysC、hs-CRP水平比较无统计学差异(P0.05),LAA组与CE组CysC、hs-CRP水平比较无统计学差异(P0.05)。见表2。2.3血清 CysC、hs-CRP 水平与 TOAST 亚型的相关性分析Spearman相关分析表明CysC、hs-CRP与CE组呈正相关关系(rs=0.310,P=0.008;rs=0.302,P=0.010),CysC、hs-CRP 与 SAO 组 呈 负 相 关 关 系(rs=0.320,P=0.005;rs=0.305,P=0.011);CysC、hs-CRP 与 LAA 组 无 相 关 性(rs=0.040,P=0.67
27、1;rs=0.034,P=0.769)。2.4机体发生感染者与未感染者CysC、hs-CRP水平比较观察组中发生感染者21例,与未感染者(n=69)对比,其CysC、hs-CRP水平均更高(P0.05)。见表3。2.5CysC、hs-CRP水平与机体易感性的相关性分析Spearman相关性分析表明,CysC和hs-CRP水平均与脑梗死患者机体易感性有显著正相关性(rs=0.509,P=0.006;rs=0.648,P0.001)。2.6CysC、hs-CRP对机体易感性的预测价值ROC曲线提示,hs-CRP 曲线下面积为 0.912(95%CI:0.8940.993,P0.001),参照约登指
28、数 0.807,得出5.140是其最佳截断值,此时预测机体易感性的灵敏表2对比观察组各TOAST亚型与对照组血清CysC、hs-CRP水平Table 2Comparsion of serum CysC and hs-CRP levelsand TOAST subtypes between the observation group andthe control group组别LAA组CE组SAO组F/H值P值n422127CysC/(mg/L)2.11(1.06,1.97)3.24(1.28,4.20)1.78(0.48,2.80)10.2060.001hs-CRP/(mg/L)2.21(1.
29、44,3.82)5.96(1.42,8.40)1.81(0.60,2.71)15.6200.001组别感染组未感染组t/Z值P值n2169CysC/(mg/L)7.96(5.14,10.30)1.38(0.74,2.93)4.2500.001hs-CRP/(mg/L)8.96(6.03,12.79)1.49(0.78,2.89)4.6200.001表3对比感染者与未感染者CysC、hs-CRP水平Table 3Compared CysC and hs-CRP levels betweeninfected and uninfected patients1256中国实用神经疾病杂志 2023 年
30、10 月第 26 卷第 10 期Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases Oct.2023,Vol.26 No.102.7机体易感性的影响因素分析多因素Logistic回归分析表明CysC、hs-CRP是急性脑梗死患者机体易感性的独立影响因素(P0.05)。见表4。3讨论急性缺血性脑梗死是一种高危险性的脑血管疾病,以中老年人群体的发病率最高,主要是由于脑动脉缺血所致,发病率高、危险性大、并发症多,残疾率和病死率均较高,目前已成为临床研究的热点14-16。急性脑梗死的相关风险因子越来越受到医师和学者们的关注,除常规的风险因子外,CysC和hs-C
31、RP在脑梗死与神经变性的发生与发展中也有参与,但目前研究结果未得出相同结论17-20。本研究采用TOAST分型对急性脑梗死患者进行病因学分型,TOAST病因分型综合评估脑梗死后稳定期的相关病因,具有较高的可信度和临床应用价值。TOAST亚型的分类标准是急性脑梗死的病因学分类,并据此提出大血管、小血管病变理论,对脑梗死的发生机制具有一定指导意义21-24。目前,国内关于TOAST的病因学分型及与炎性因子水平的关系研究尚属空白,且大部分文献显示不同TOAST亚型脑梗死之间的炎性因子水平均存在差异25-27,此外,关于CysC和hs-CRP在不同TOAST亚型脑梗死中表达的研究不少,结果也存在很大差
32、别。本研究发现不同TOAST亚型急性脑梗死患者CysC、hs-CRP水平存在差异,与CE脑梗死呈显著正相关,与SAO脑梗死呈负相关,推测一方面可能与CE组患者常伴房颤、心力衰竭等情况,且脑梗死程度严重有关,同时CysC和hs-CRP的表达水平在以上两种条件下均呈上升趋势28-30;另一方面,脑梗死患者治疗期间出现感染与短期预后和较高的病死率有显著关系31-32。研究显示CysC、hs-CRP参与了机体感染的发生发展,且机体感染患者CysC、CRP水平均明显升高33。目前研究表明,在脑梗死患者入院时对降钙素原、白细胞、hs-CRP进行检测,可对机体发生感染的风险进行尽早预测34。其他研究也表明,
33、hs-CRP等炎症因子可作为早期预测脑梗死后感染的指标,对机体感染有一定预测作用,但能力较弱35-36。本研究显示,机体感染者血清CysC、hs-CRP水平与未发生感染者有统计学差异,且上述两个指标水平与机体易感性之间呈显著正相关,ROC曲线显示CysC、hs-CRP可用于脑梗死患者机体易感性的预测,同时多因素Logistic回归分析表明CysC和hs-CRP均是脑梗死患者机体易感性的独立影响因子(P0.05)。因此,及早检测患者CysC及hs-CRP水平,有助于早期识别机体易感性,及早采取措施提高患者预后。本次研究仍有不足之处,如样本较少,未将脑梗死后不同时间段的血图1CysC、hs-CRP
34、对机体易感性预测价值的受试者工作特征曲线 A:hs-CRP;B:CysCFigure 1Receiver operating characteristic curve of the predictive value of CysC and hs-CRP on body susceptibilityA:hs-CRP;B:CysC特异性/%0.02040608010010080604020敏感度/%曲线来源hs-CRP参考线曲线来源CysC参考线特异性/%0.02040608010010080604020敏感度/%BA表4多因素Logistic回归分析机体易感性的影响因素Table 4Multiv
35、ariate Logistic regression analysis of theinfluencing factors of body susceptibility因素CysChs-CRP空腹血糖值0.5910.5720.510SE0.2800.2650.248Wald 2值14.21916.5013.219P值0.0010.0010.001OR1.6731.7061.71395%CI1.1742.4291.1922.5170.9482.843度和特异度分别为94.30%、86.12%;CysC曲线下面积为0.893(95%CI:0.8400.903,P=0.004);依据约登指数0.80
36、4,得出最佳截断值为5.203,此时预测机体易感性的灵敏度和特异度分别为92.01%、84.23%。见图1。1257中国实用神经疾病杂志 2023 年 10 月第 26 卷第 10 期Chinese Journal of Practical Nervous Diseases Oct.2023,Vol.26 No.10清炎性指标进行动态监测等,因此还需临床进一步开展研究。不同 TOAST 亚型急性脑梗死患者血清 CysC、hs-CRP水平有一定差别,可作为脑梗死急性期的血清标志物,其与机体易感性呈正相关,对临床治疗急性脑梗死有一定参考价值。4参考文献1 IKENOUCHI H,YOSHIMOTO
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