动词ing的变化规则.doc

(完整版)动词ing的变化规则动词的第三人称单数的变化规则1、 一般情况下，动词后面直接加 s. work works get - gets say says read - reads 2、 以辅音字母 + y结尾的动词，把 y变为 i 再加 -es。 例如： study studies try - tries carry - carries fly - flies cry - cries 3、 以ch, sh， s, x, o结尾的动词，在后面加 -es。 go goes teach teaches wash washes brush brushes catch catches do does fix fixes 动词ing的变化规则1.一般动词直接加ing go-go ing work-work ing looklook ing2.以y 结尾的动词，直接加ing say-say ing enjoy-enjoy ing cry - cry ing carry-carry ing studystudy ing3。以ie结尾的动词，变ie为y再加ing die - dying, lie lying, tie - tying4.以不发音的 e 结尾的动词，去e 加 ing make making write - writing love -writing hate hating hope hoping take taking save- saving breathe breathing produce - producing 注意:be - being see - seeing agree agreeing5. 以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写这一辅音字母，再加-ing. begin - beginning admit admitting sit - sitting fit fitting hit - hitting prefer preferring swim - swimming shop shopping cut cutting get - getting forget forgetting spit spitting shut shutting stop -stopping plan - planning dig digging drop - dropping step stepping 注意：blow blowing grow growing draw drawing bow bowing show - showing know - knowing 动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则规则变化：1.一般在动词词尾直接加ed。如：pick picked - picked wish wished - wished2。以不发音的e 结尾的动词后加d。 make maked maked like liked liked hope hoped hoped phone phoned phoned3。以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词，变y 为 i ， 再加- ed。study studied studied hurry hurried hurriedreply replied replied4.以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词,要双写该辅音字母，再加 ed。stop stopped stopped shop shopped - shoppedplan planned planned drop dropped dropped不规则变化：(常见如下，需同学们识记）1。AAAcost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2。ABBburn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 pay paidpaid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想 sleep slept slept 睡 keep kept kept 保持 sweep swept swept 扫 stand stood stood 站 understand understood understood 明白 win won won 得胜 shine shone/shined shone/shined 发光 catch caught caught 抓住 teach taught taught 教 feel felt felt 觉得 fight fought fought 战斗 find found found 发现 get got got 得到 hang hanged/ hung hanged/ hung 绞死，挂 have had had 有 hold held held 盛，握 leave left left 离开 make made made 制造 meet met met 遇见 sell sold sold 卖 shoot shot shot 射击 tell told told 告诉 smell smelt/smelled smelt/smelled 嗅，闻 sit sat sat 坐 dig dug dug 挖 3.ABCeat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 steal stole stolen 偷 give gave given 给 freeze froze frozen 冻结 take took taken 拿 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 ride rode ridden 骑 drive drove driven 驾驶 throw threw thrown 抛，扔 blow blew blown 吹 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 draw drew drawn 绘画 show showed shown 展示 speak spoke spoke说话 break broke broken 破碎，折断 wake waked/ woke waked/ waken 醒 choose chose chosen 选择 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 begin began begun 开始 ring rang rung 按铃 sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 swim swam swum 游泳 drink drank drunk 饮 be(are) were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 去 wear worn worn 穿lie lay lain 躺 be（am, is) was/ were been 4.ABAcome came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 5。AABbeat beat beaten 打可数名词复数的变化规则1、一般加s，如： map maps car cars2、以辅音字母加y结尾的 ， 变y为i ，加-es ; babybabies ，familyfamilies3、以f， fe结尾的名词，通常变f 或fe为v,再加-es；如： leafleaves, wife wives,life - lives，thief thieves; 注： belief - beliefs（信心），roof roofs（屋顶） safe - safes（保险箱）, gulf - gulfs（海湾) 4、 以sh，ch, s, x结尾的名词，结尾的加-es; dishdishes watch - watches5、 以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s,（无生命的） photo photos， piano pianos ， kilokilos, radio radios， zoo - zoos； b。 加es,（有生命的) potato potatoes, tomatotomatoes, hero heroes 形容词变副词的变化规则1、 一般情况下直接加“ly” quick quickly recent recently 2、 以“y结尾的, 如发音为/ i / ， 先将 y 改成i , 再加“ly”，如happy happily 如发音为/ ai /， 直接加 -ly, 如 dry - dryly shy shyly3、 以“辅音字母 + le”结尾的，去e 加y possible - possibly terrible terribly simple - simply considerable considerably gentle gently。4、 以“元音字母+不发音的e结尾的，去e 加ly true - truly 注意:polite politely fortunate - fortunately immediate immediately wise - wisely nice nicely wide widely形容词副词的比较级和最高级变化规则规则变化：1、一般单音节词末尾加-er和est，（以不发音的e结尾的只加-r; st） 大多数双音节和多音节词都在单词前面加more和most strong stronger - strongest nice - nicer nicest strange - stranger strangest beautiful - more beautiful most beautiful2、 闭音节单音节词，且末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的,须先双写这个辅音字母，再 加-er和-est hot - hotter hottest thin - thinner thinnest big - bigger - biggest fat fatter - fattest3、 少数以-ow； er结尾的双音节词，加er， est narrow - narrower narrowest clever cleverer - cleverest4、 以辅音字母+y结尾的双音节词，先y变成i,再加-er；est happy- happier - happiest angry - angrier - angriest early earlier - earliest5、 由“形容词+ ly”构成的副词,在词前加more- ； most slowly more slowly - most slowly不规则变化:well / good - better - bestill / bad - worse - worstmuch / many - more - mostlittle less - leastold - older/elder - oldest/eldestfar - farther/further - farthest/furthest9